by
Mr. Mohd. Mazlan B. Jusoh
Deputy Director General of Fisheries
Malaysia
Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen,
First of all, let me congratulate the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project and the Department of Fisheries, Malaysia for jointly organizing this Workshop which is timely towards the development of the aquaculture industry in this part of the world. This Workshop will provide a forum for the fisheries scientists, researchers, feedmillers and the product users to come together and discuss problems, seek solutions and exchange ideas for the betterment of the industry. I trust that the objectives of this Workshop will be fulfilled during the five-day deliberations on issues pertaining to the aquaculture role played by the feedmilling industry in furthering aquaculture development.
The pace of aquaculture expansion is accelerating. Many countries have embarked on aquaculture projects, particularly on the culture of the tiger prawn as a source of foreign exchange, following the success of Taiwan in this shrimp aquaculture business. While pursuing this goal, cost of feed production is an important element to consider. In order to maintain a competitive edge over others, the cost of production must be kept at a low level. Presently, more than half the operating cost goes to feed, therefore, this workshop needs to address this important constraint.
The Malaysian government has identified aquaculture to be one of the main thrust areas for fisheries development besides the deepsea fishing industry. It is hoped that with this two-pronged approach, the production of finfish and shrimp will augment the local supply of fish as well as gain foreign exchange through export. Malaysia has made rapid development in the aquaculture industry recently. The production from aquaculture has shown an increase partly because Malaysia has been blessed with vast resources, good economic environment and strong government support.
Generally, in Malaysia the development of aquaculture has been geared towards the marine finfish and shrimp culture. In 1987, there were more than 600 actively operating shrimp ponds occupying an area of 1 200 ha and 13 000 cages with an area of 111 500 m2 for marine fish culture. The production in that year was about 2 000 tonnes.
The estimated feed demand from shrimp farms is believed to be at least 1 500 mt annually. However, about 68 percent of the feed required or 1 020 mt (worth about M$2.55 million) is imported from other countries. In the case of finfish cage culture, formulated feed has not yet replaced the traditional usage of trash fish. The amount of trash fish required based on the production of 944 mt annually is approximately 5 664 mt worth about M$2.83 million.
It has been estimated that about 21 000 ha of mangrove areas are available for the development of marine shrimp farming. If the area is fully developed, it is expected to produce annually not less than 63 000 mt of shrimp worth M$945 million. The amount of feed required to produce that quantity of shrimp has been estimated to be about 126 000 mt worth M$300 million. Similarly, the number of cages is also expected to increase to 33 000 producing roughly 3 950 mt of fish. The anticipated amount of trash fish that will be required by this industry will then be about 23 760 mt worth about M$11.9 million. These figures reflect the economic importance of feed and its supporting role towards the development of the aquaculture industry.
In view of the huge demand for both formulated shrimp feeds and trash fish required in the near future, the question one should be asking is: “Can the existing feedmillers and the trash fish resources meet the expected demand of feeds by that time?”.
Presently, there are 44 feedmills operating in Malaysia of which only two are producing shrimp pellets. Even then, they are only producing the shrimp feed as a sideline to the main production of feed for poultry and swine. The amount produced is still very insignificant and most of the feed requirement by the shrimp aquaculture industry in Malaysia at this moment has to be met by the importation of feed from overseas.
The present usage of trash fish as the sole feed in cage culture is anticipated to meet with serious problems in the near future. Even now, the shortage of trash fish occurs from time to time due to the seasonality of the supply. For example, the recent outcry by the cage culturists over the price increase due to the shortage of trash fish is an indication of the problems that will soon be faced by this industry. And unless drastic steps are taken to find a substitute for trash fish, further expansion of the cage culture industry will be limited.
Generally, the main factors which hinder the development of aquaculture feed in Malaysia are: availability of raw ingredients, quality of the local feed produced, cost competitiveness between the local Brackishwater Aquaculture Research Centre in Gelang Patah on the other hand carries out feed formulation experiments to establish suitable feeds required for the nursery and grow-out stages of the marine finfish and shrimps. The results achieved include the following:
The National Prawn Fry Production and Research Centre in Pulau Sayak has made a breakthrough in producing artificial larval feed for the tiger prawn larvae as well as mass producing pure strain of diatoms.
The Freshwater Fisheries Research Station in Batu Berendam has come up with various feeds which are specifically meant for the Javanese carps broodstock, grow-out of the red tilapia, the Royal Sultan fish and the Malaysian giant freshwater prawn.
The Research Centre in Gelang Patah has formulated prawn feed which has shown to improve the survival, growth rate and enhance the natural colouration of the pond cultured tiger prawn. Natural colouration of the shrimp is of utmost importance when one considers exporting the products to countries like Japan. The centre has also established a new formulation for the nursery and grow-out stage for giant seaperch culture. The improved feed for the grow-out of this species is also able to enhance the colour of the seaperch to golden yellow. The Department of Fisheries has thus pioneered the formulation of the giant seaperch feed in Malaysia.
The research findings and the products are disseminated to the target groups like the fish culturists, potential investors and feedmillers through the training programme conducted by the Department, dissemination of information through publications, seminars and workshops. Whilst the government is playing a lead role in pioneering the development of formulated feed, it is hoped that the private sector will take over in commercializing it to fulfill the growing demand of the rapidly expanding industry and possibly for export, too.
Let us work together for the bright future of feedmilling and aquaculture industries in our respective country.
With this, I sincerely hope that the Workshop which all of you will be participating over the next five days will help produce various practical and useful strategies for the development of the feedmilling industry specifically and the aquaculture industry as a whole.
It is with great pleasure that I declare the ASEAN Workshop on Shrimp and Finfish Feed Development open.
| Name/Designation | Address |
|---|---|
| INDONESIA | |
Mrs. Sariati M. Nizam Chief Sub-Directorate of Fisheries Production Inputs | Ditjen Perikanan Dit Bina Produksi Jl. Harsono, RM. 3, Ragunan Pasar Minggu, Jakarta-Selatan |
Mrs. Sri Umiyati Sumeru Chief Milkfish Culture Sub-Section | Brackishwater Aquaculture Development Centre Jl. Pemandian Kartini P.O. Box 1, Jepara |
Mrs. Sri Hartati Suprayitno Chief | Freshwater Aquaculture Development Centre Jalan Selabintana 17 Sukabumi |
| MALAYSIA | |
Mr. Lim Chai Hock State Fisheries Director | State Fisheries Department Melaka |
| Mr. Patmasothy Sumasundram | Freshwater Fish Research Centre Melaka |
Mr. Tang Twen Poh Research Officer | Sabah State Fisheries Kota Kinabalu |
Mr. Gopinath A/L Nagaraj Fisheries Officer | Aquaculture Unit Kuala Lumpur |
Mr. Che Utama Che Musa Fisheries Officer (Research) | National Prawn Fry Production and Research Centre Kedah |
| PHILIPPINES | |
Mrs. Sofia S. Basa Supervising Aquatic Resources Development Specialist | Department of Agriculture Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources 860 Arcadia Bldg., Quezon Avenue Quezon City, Metro Manila |
| SINGAPORE | |
Mrs. Renee Chou Senior Primary Production Officer | Marine Aquaculture Section Nutrition and Production Unit Primary Production Department 8th Storey, Maxwell Road Singapore 0106 |
Miss Wong Farn Jiun Primary Production Officer | Primary Production Department 8th Storey, Maxwell Road Singapore 0106 |
Mr. Lee Hoe Beng Higher Primary Production Officer | Primary Production Department 8th Storey, Maxwell Road Singapore 0106 |
| THAILAND | |
Mrs. Thanom Pimoljinda Senior Fishery Biologist | Brackishwater Fisheries Station Phuket, Thailand 83000 |
Mrs. Nanthiya Unprasert Fishery Biologist | National Inland Fisheries Institute Department of Fisheries Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives Rajadamnern Avenue, Bangkok |
Mr. Mavit Assavaaree Fishery Biologist | National Institute of Coastal Aquaculture Kaosaen, Songkhla 90000 |
| RESOURCES PERSONS | |
Mr. Michael New Chief Technical Adviser | ASEAN/EEC Aquaculture Development Project G.P.O. Box 774 Bangkok 10501, Thailand |
Dr. Felicitas P. Pascual Scientist I | Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center Aquaculture Department Tigbauan, Iloilo Philippines |
Mr. Kenneth Chin Aquanutritionist | Gold Coin (Malaysia) Berhad 33, Jalan Petaling Larkin Industrial Estate or P.O. Box 311 Johore Bahru, Johore Malaysia |
by
Mr. Ong Kah Sin
Director of Fisheries Research Institute
Malaysia
Mr. Mazlan bin Jusoh,
Deputy Director-General of Fisheries,
Malaysia
Mrs. Medina N. Delmendo,
Project Coordinator,ASEAN/UNDP/FAO
Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries
Development Project,
Distinguished Participants and
Resource Persons,
Ladies and Gentlemen,
It is indeed a great honour for me to be designated Chairman of this Workshop which is attended by the leading scientists from the ASEAN countries and resource persons in the area of shrimp and finfish feed development.
The development of aquaculture is now accorded high priority in the region as the technology and economic viability of various aquaculture systems have now been well proven. The trend now is towards intensification of culture systems through further refinement of technology, particularly in the field of feed development as feed costs generally account for the major portion of the variable costs involved in aquaculture production.
This Workshop is, therefore, most timely and useful to provide a forum for the leading workers in the ASEAN region to share their experiences and exchange ideas in this field. I am sure that all the distinguished participants will take part in all the deliberations of this Workshop in the ASEAN spirit of brotherhood among scientists in the region which will bring about a more rapid realization of our research and development objectives.
Before proceeding to the paper presentation by various speakers, I would like to take the opportunity to thank the Project Coordinator for having organized this Workshop with the Department of Fisheries, Malaysia.
Thank you.
PUBLICATIONS AND DOCUMENTS OF THE
ASEAN/UNDP/FAO REGIONAL SMALL-SCALE COASTAL FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
(RAS/84/016)
Working Papers
ASEAN/SF/86/WP/1 Rabanal, H.R. Seafarming as alternative to small-scale fishing in ASEAN region. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 55p.
ASEAN/SF/86/WP/2 Soeyanto, T. The status of Bali Strait fisheries with special reference to Muncar, Kedonganan and Jimbaran coastal villages. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 36p.
ASEAN/SF/86/WP/3 Boongerd, S. and S. Chitrapong. Small-Scale fishing for squids and related species in Thailand. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 44p.
ASEAN/SF/89/WP/4 Guerrero, C.V. An evaluation of the socio-economic viability of the introduction of set net on small-scale fishermen in Botolan, Zambales. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 50p.
ASEAN/SF/89/WP/5 Guerrero, C.V. An evaluation of the socio-economic viability of “payaw” on small-scale fishermen using hook and line in Masinloc, Zambales. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/ FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 42p.
ASEAN/SF/89/WP/6 Guerrero, C.V. An evaluation of the socio-economic viability of set net operation on small-scale fishermen in Antique and Aklan. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 47p.
ASEAN/SF/90/WP/7 Chitrapong, S. Demonstration of squid fishing in Indonesia. Manila, ASEAN/ UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1990. 20p.
ASEAN/SF/90/WP/8 Guerrero, C.V. Assessment of the Socio-economic impact of artificial reefs on small-scale fishermen in the Philippines. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1990. (In preparation).
Workshop Reports/Other General Reports
ASEAN/SF/86/GEN/1 Report of national consultative meeting on aquaculture engineering held in Tigbauan Research Station, SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, Iloilo City, Philippines, 2–5 October 1985. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 186p.
ASEAN/SF/86/GEN/2 Zabala, P. T. (Comp.) Preliminary annotated bibliography on small-scale fisheries in the ASEAN Region. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 41p.
ASEAN/SF/87/GEN/3 Report of the training course on shrimp culture held in Jepara, Indonesia, 2–19 December 1987. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 63p.
ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/4 Report of the training course on small-scale fisheries extension held in Semarang, Indonesia, 26 January-14 February 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 130p.
ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/5 Report of the training course on fisheries extension methodology held in Penang, Malaysia, 13–26 March 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 266p.
ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/6 Report of the training course on seaweed farming held in Manila, Philippines, 2–21 May 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 169p.
ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/7 Report of the training/study tour on fishing with “payaw” held in Manila, Philippines, 16 May-4 June 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 87p.
ASEAN/SF/88/GEN/8 Report of the workshop on artificial reefs development and management held in Penang, Malaysia, 13–16 September 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 188p.
ASEAN/SF/89/GEN/9 Report of the training course on seabass breeding and culture, Satul, Thailand, 1–22 August 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. 85p.
ASEAN/SF/89/GEN/10 Report of the training course on marine finfish netcage culture, Singapore, 5–24 September 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. 193p.
ASEAN/SF/89/GEN/11 Report of the workshop on shrimp and finfish feed development, Johore Bahru, Malaysia, 25–29 October 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. 163p.
ASEAN/SF/89/GEN/12 Delmendo, M.N. and P.T. Zabala (Comp.). An annotated bibliography on shrimp feeds and nutrition. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. 36p.
ASEAN/SF/89/GEN/13 Delmendo, M.N. and P.T. Zabala (Comp.). An annotated bibliography on finfish feeds and nutrition. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. (In preparation).
ASEAN/SF/90/GEN/14 Zabala, P.T. (Comp.). An annotated bibliography on women in fisheries in the Asian region. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1990. 24p.
ASEAN/SF/90/GEN/15 A report of the training/study tour on squid fishing, Rayong and Chonburi Thailand, 17–24 April 1990. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1990. 43p.
ASEAN Fisheries Manuals
ASEAN/SF/86/Manual No. 1 Suprayitno, H. Manual of running water fish culture. Manila, ASEAN/ UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 34p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Manual No. 2 Juanich, G.L. Manual on seaweed farming: 1. Eucheuma spp. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 25p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Manual No. 3 Trono, G.C., Jr. Manual on seaweed culture: 2. Pond culture of Caulerpa. 3. Pond culture of Gracilaria. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 20p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Manual No. 4 Aguilar, E.R. A manual on set net fishing based on Philippine conditions. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 29p.
ASEAN/SF/90/Manual No. 5 Santos, G.A. A manual for the processing of agar from Gracilaria. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project. 1990. 34p.
ASEAN/SF/90/Manual No. 6 Legaspi, A.M. Fish processing: Tuna ham making and boneless milkfish. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Project, 1990. (In preparation).
ASEAN/SF/90/Manual No. 7 Chitrapong, S. Squid fishing manual. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1990. (In preparation).
Periodic Progress Reports
ASEAN/SF/86/PR-1 Soesanto, V. Project progress report of the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 5 October 1985–5 April 1986. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 9p.
ASEAN/SF/86/PR-2 Soesanto, V. Project progress report of the ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 6 April-6 October 1986. Manila, ASEAN/ UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 11p.
ASEAN/SF/88/PPER-3 Delmendo, M.N. Project performance evaluation report of the ASEAN/UNDP/ FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 31 July 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 23p.
Technical Reports Contributed to Symposia/Meetings, etc.
ASEAN/SF/85/Tech. 1 Rabanal, H.R. and V. Soesanto. The world fishery and culture of Macrobrachium and related prawn species. Contributed to the National Conference on Prawn Technology, sponsored by the Philippines Fishfarmers Technical Assistance Foundation, Inc., Manila, Philippines, 27–28 November 1985. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1985. 16p.
ASEAN/SF/86/Tech. 2 Rabanal, H.R. and V. Soesanto. Commercial species of shrimps and prawns, their sources and export markets. Contributed to the Seminar on Quality Control in the Production, Processing and Marketing of Frozen Shrimps for Export, sponsored by Food Research Department, Food Terminal Incorporated, Taguig, Metro Manila, Philippines, 29–31 July 1986. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 64p.
ASEAN/SF/86/Tech. 3 Rabanal, H.R. Status and prospects of shrimp farming in the Philippines. Contributed to the Monthly Seminar Series on Timely and Related Fisheries Issues, sponsored by the Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research and Development, (PCARRD), Los Bños, Laguna, Philippines, 5 November 1986. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1986. 24p.
ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 4 Delmendo, M.N. Fishery administration and policy in the Philippines: Past and present. Contributed to the National Conference on Fisheries Policy and Planning, Baguio City, Philippines, 16–20 March 1987. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 35p.
ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 5 Delmendo, M.N. Milkfish culture in pens: An assessment of its contribution to overall fishery production of Laguna de Bay. Paper read in the Seminar on the occasion of the Fish Conservation Week, BFAR, October 1987 and lecture material used in the NACA Senior Aquaculture Training Course, SEAFDEC, Tigbauan, Iloilo. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/ FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 17p.
ASEAN/SF/87/Tech. 6 Delmendo, M. N. and B. H. Delmendo. Small-scale aquaculture operations in the ASEAN countries. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1987. 49p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 7 Rabanal, H.R. History of aquaculture. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 13p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 8 Rabanal, H. R. and M. N. Delmendo. Organisation of the aquaculture industry. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 10p.
ASEAN/SF/88/Tech. 9 Rabanal, H.R. Report on the World Aquaculture Society, 19th Annual Conference and Exposition, Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.A., 4–10 January 1988. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/ FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1988. 99p.
ASEAN/SF/89/Tech. 10 Delmendo, M.N. Some advances attained in shrimp farming research and management practices: Insights to future prospects for expansion of production. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. (In preparation).
ASEAN/SF/89/Tech. 11 Delmendo, M.N. Bivalve farming: An alternative economic activity for small-scale coastal fishermen. Manila, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, 1989. (In preparation).
