Mr. L. CORBARI
The fishculture is located in the pouilles (southern Italy) on the Ionian coastline; it employs sea water and it combines, sectors for the production of eel and white fish (gilthead sea-bream and sea-bass) along with a controlled reproduction centre. It began functioning in 1981.
Characteristics of the facilities
The fishculture is located near a series of tanks, the water level of which varies according to the tides, and these are used for intensive rearing. The total surface area consists of 25 hectares of land and 50 hectares of tanks and canals which communicate with the sea. The intesive rearing production structure consists of the following:
An eel rearing sector
which has 24 tanks, each having surface area of 1250 m2 concrete walls, supply and outlet system, and a pre-tank which is employed for capture, selection fish prophylactic treatment purposes. Eighteen tanks have concrete bottoms, while six others have gravel ones. 2000 quintal both commercial size eel (200 gr) and semi-grown products (weaned eels) are reared in this sector, every year.
White fish rearing sector (gilthead sea-bream and sea-bass);
Allows the growth of fish from fry size to commercial size (more than 300 gm); It has the following structures :
Pre-fattening: 20 tanks with concrete bottoms and walls and having a surface area of 25 m2 each; they are sheltered and used to rear fry throughout the first rearing months (January – April). The tanks are divided out in 4 rows; they are equipped with water supply and outlet systems, a liquid oxygen and compressed air central device for the supplementary aeration of water and a water thermoregulation apparatus.
The first stage: has for purpose, the rearing of white fish during the first year. It has two series of 18 rectangular concrete tanks, each having 50 m/sub/2/sue/in surface area and adjoining long walls. the supply canal runs along the short walls of the tank while outlet canal runs along the ones opposite. this disposition permits having a near constant water flow in the whole tank.
The second stage: has the purpose of rearing white fish until commercial size is reached. It has two series of 11 rectangular concrete tanks of 240 m2 each and has adjoining long walls. The supply and outlet systems are identical to these found in the first stage. This sector permits the production of 800 quintal of commercial size fish.
The artificial reproduction of white fish sector permits the production of gilthead sea-bream and sea-bass fry. It is equipped with a phyto-zooplankton section of 24 cylindro-conical tanks for larval rearing, and reproduction tanks.
The facilities are completed by special and normal structures, such as the pumping station, the electric press, offices, a cantine, a machine workshop, a warehouse, a cold room, a room for the preparation of feed stuff, etc…
Sales 1984
1 300 quintal of eel: average rearing time: 18 months, average density : 6 kg/m2; conversion rate: 1: 3.
100 quintal of gilthead sea-bream and sea-bass coming from artificial reproduction. Average rearing time: 24 months for gilthead sea-bream and 36 months for sea-bass. Average density: 5 kg/m2; conversion rate: 1 :2.5.
Personnel :
The fishculture employs 20 people: 1 biologist, 1 administrative employee, 4 specialized technicians and 14 manual labourers.
Research:
On parallel with production, ITTICA UGENTO, has many applied research activites, such as ichtyo-pathology prophylaxis and the improvement of rearing techniques along with the automatization of the management.
Intensive rearing facility
Legend :
1. First fattening
2. Offices
3. Larval rearing
4. Power station
5. Generator set
6. Pumping station
7. White fish rearing tank: Stage 1
8. White fish rearing: Stage 2
9. Eel rearing tank
10. Supply canalization
11. Outlet canalization
12. Sluice gate
13. Semi-intensive tank
| Valli 10 000 ha Intensif 6 ha 1973 | Reproduction artificielle 1974 | Severage civelles 1975 | Intensif lagune 1975 | Mollusques 1977 |
| Valli 10000 ha Intensif 6 ha 1973 | Artificial Reproduction 1974 | Weaning Elvers 1975 | Intensif Lagoon 1975 | Molluscs 1977 |
ITTICA UGENTO SPA - Les Ventes - Sales
| No | Functions |
| 1 | Biologist in charge of production and Research |
| 1 | Teachnician in charge of Production and Organization |
| 1 | Administrative employee |
| 3 | Specialized technicians |
| 14 | Workers |
ITTICA UGENTO SPA
PERSONNEL
Thermic tolerance of the different brackish water species reared
Inferior or superior critical intervals
Feeding interval
Optimal growth interval
Average temperature of the water (Puglies) and rearing period
EEL
Standard Production cycle
| 1977 | 1984 | ∆ % | ||
| Costs | (Lit. 77) | (Lit. 84) | ||
| Elvers (kg) | 1 600 | 3 900 | 5 500 | + 41,0 |
| Feed (kg) | 500 | 1 200 | 1 100 | - 8,3 |
| Annual manual labour cost | 6 000 000 | 15 000 000 | 22 000 000 | + 46,6 |
| Energy (kwh) | 25 | 60 | 110 | + 83,3 |
| Profit | ||||
| Price of eel | 4 500 | 10 900 | 9 800 | - 10,1 |
EELS: Evolution of the cost of the different production sectors and of the sale price
Actualization while using the ISTAS (2.4161)
EELS
Productions costs variations in % compared to profit considered equal to 100.
EELS
Production cycles
EELS
Average time period variations in production costs depending on the profile considered at 100.
Possibilities for improvement in efficiency
- Increase in the multiplication factor
Decrease in mortalities (Pathological study)
Optimization of feeding
Rearing techniques and conditions
- Decrease in the work factor
Mechanization
Automatization
- Energy saving
Improvement in
Technological transfer
Use of renewable energy
Actions on fixed prices
- Increase in rearing
| 1977 | 1984 | % | ||
| Costs | (Lit 77) | (Lit 84)* | ||
| Sea bass fry | 150 | 360 | 300 | - 20 |
| Sea bream fry | 400 | 1 000 | 1 000 | - |
| Food | 400 | 1 000 | 1 050 | + 5 |
| Work | 6 000 000 | 16 000 000 | 22 000 000 | + 46,6 |
| Energy | 25 | 60 | 110 | + 83,3 |
| Profit | ||||
| Cost of white fish per kg | 6 800 | 16 500 | 25 000 | + 51,5 |
Evolution of the costs of the different production levels and the sale price
Actualizating while employing the ISTAS coefficient (2.4161)
| SEA BASS | SEA BREAM | |
| Reproduction | Verified and reprodusible | Verified |
| Larval rearing | Acceptable inputs | Uncertain and poor input |
| Fry rearing | Important mortalities | Excellent results |
| Rearing fattening | Not optimal but acceptable | Must be perfected, but good |
WHITE FISH
Schematic situation of intensive rearing
| THEMES | SPECIES | ||
| Eel | Sea bream | Sea bass | |
| Pathology and prophylaxis | * | ** | |
| Reproduction | ** | ||
| Feeding | ** | * | |
| Rearing method | * | * | ** |
Research themes and their priorities
