December 1989

CoverASEAN/SF/89/Tech. 11
BIVALVE FARMING: AN ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY FOR SMALL-SCALE COASTAL FISHERMEN IN THE ASEAN REGION

by
Medina N. Delmendo

ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project
Manila, Philippines
1989

TABLE OF CONTENTS



NOTICE OF COPYRIGHT

The copyright in this publication is vested in the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This publication may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, by any method of process, without written permission from the copyright holder. Applications for such permission with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction desired, should be made through and addressed to the Project Coordinator, ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project, P. O. Box 1184, Makati Post Office, Makati, Metro Manila or 3rd Floor, Arcadia Building, 860 Quezon Avenue, Quezon City, Philippines.

ASEAN/UNDP/FAO REGIONAL SMALL-SCALE COASTAL FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT PROJECT
POSTAL: ADDRESS:P. O. BOX 1184, MAKATI POST OFFICE
MAKATI, METRO MANILA - 1299
PHILIPPINES
CABLE:
TELEX:
PHONE:
FOODAGRI MANILA
64111 FAO PN
973617
STREET: ADDRESS:3RD FLOOR, ARCADIA BUILDING
860 QUEZON AVENUE, QUEZON CITY
METRO MANILA, PHILIPPINES

Ref:

19 September 1990

Dear Ms Gribling,

We are sending herewith the following fisheries reports missing from your library collection as per your Transmittal Slip to Mrs. Medina N. Delmendo, Project Coordinator, RAS/84/016 dated 5 Deptember 1990.

2 copies each of the following:

Project Progress Reports - ASEAN/SF/PR-1
2
3
 
Technical reports contributed to symposia/meetings, etc. - ASEAN/SF/Tech -4
5
6
7
8
9

The following reports are not yet ready for distribution. We will send you copies as soon as they are available:

ASEAN/SF/GEN/9, 10, 11, 12, 13, & 15

ASEAN/SF/TECH/11, 12 onward

ASEAN/SF/WP/7

I would like to take this opportunity to request the following FAO fisheries reports for our project library if already available for distribution:

FAO Fisheries Tech, Pap, series, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313

onward

FAO Fisheries Circ. 820, 821, 822, 823, 825 onward.

We welcome your donations of other fisheries materials (duplicates) for our project library. Thank you very much.

Yours sincerely,

Paulina T. Zabala
Library Asst./Secretary

Armand Gribling
Fisheries Library
FAO, Rome


Hyperlinks to non-FAO Internet sites do not imply any official endorsement of or responsibility for the opinions, ideas, data or products presented at these locations, or guarantee the validity of the information provided. The sole purpose of links to non-FAO sites is to indicate further information available on related topics.

This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software. FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.


TABLE OF CONTENTS

  1.   INTRODUCTION

  2.   MOLLUSC FARMING AREAS IN THE PHILIPPINES

  3.   FARMING METHODS

3.1   Oyster culture

3.1.1   Broadcast method

3.1.2   Stake method

3.1.3   Hanging method.

3.1.4   Longline method

3.1.5   Lattice-tray method

3.2   Mussel culture.

3.2.1   Stake method,

3.2.2   Hanging method.

3.2.3   Rope-web method

3.2.4   Raft method

  4.   POTENTIALS FOR IMPROVEMENT AND FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

4.1   Shifting of farming sites to deeper waters

4.2   Improving farming management techniques

4.2.1   Spat collection

4.2.2   Hardening

4.2.3   Hanging of spats for growout

4.2.4   Fattening

  5.   ECONOMIC VIABILITY OF OYSTER AND MUSSEL FARMING

  6.   POTENTIALS FOR EXPANSION OF OYSTER/ MUSSEL FARMING FOR SMALL-SCALE FISHERMEN

  7.   RATIONALE FOR EXPANSION

  8.   ACTIONS NEEDED

  9.   DEPURATION OF MOLLUSCS,

10.   MOLLUSCS FARMING DEVELOPMENT PLANS IN OTHER ASEAN COUNTRIES

10.1   Indonesia

10.2   Thailand

10.3   Malaysia

10.4   Singapore

10.5   Brunei

11.   CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

Appendix 1 - Prospectus for a one-half hectare oyster farm using hanging method (Philippines)

Appendix 2 - A prospectus of 1 000 m2 mussel farm using stake method (Philippines)

Appendix 3 - Presidential Decree No. 23/1982 regarding seafarming development in Indonesia waters, President of Republic of Indonesia