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Appendix 1
REFERENCES

Banks, J.W., M.J. Holden and R.H. McConnel, 1966 Fishery report. In The first scientific report of the Kainji Biological Research Team, edited by E. White. Liverpool, pp 21–42

Bazigos, G.P., 1972 The yield pattern at Kainji Lake, (Nigeria). Rome, FAO, FAO/UNDP/SF/NIR. 24: St. S./2t26p

Blanc, M., J. Daget and F. d'Aubenton, 1955 Recherches hydrobiologiques dans le bassin du Moyen-Niger. Bull. Inst.Fr.Afr.Noire, 17 A(3):679–746

Boeseman, M., 1963 An annotated list of fishes from the Niger Delta. Zool. Verh., Leiden, 61:1–48

Boulenger, G.A. 1902a On the fishes collected by Dr. W.J. Ansorge in the Niger Delta. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1901. (1):4–19

Boulenger, G.A. 1902a Second account of the fishes collected by Dr. W.J. Ansorge in the Niger Delta. Proc . Zool. Soc. Lond,, 1902, (1):4–19

Burchard, J., 1967 The family Cichlidae. In Fish and fisheries of Northern Nigeria, by W. Reed et al. Kaduna, Ministry of Agriculture, Northern Nigeria, pp. 123–43

Daget, J., 1949a La pêche dans le delta central du Niger. J. Soc. Afr. Paris. 19(1):1–79

Daget, J., 1949b Noms vernaculaires de poissons du moyen Niger (de Segou à Timbouctou). Cybium, Bull. Assoc. Lab. Pêches Colon., 4:68–72

Daget, J., 1954 Les poissons du Niger superieur. Mem. Inst. Fr. Afr. Noire, 36:1–391

Daget, J., 1956 Memoires sur la biologie des poissons du Niger moyen. Recherches sur Tilapia zillii.Bull.Inst.Fr.Afr.Noire, 18:165–223

Daget, J., 1957 Données récentes sur la biologie des poissons dans le delta central du Niger. Hydrobiologia, 9(4): 321–47

Daget, J., 1959 Les poissons du Niger superieur (1re note complémentaire). Bull.Inst.Fr.Afr.Noire, 21A (2):664

Daget, J., 1961a Parasites de poissons du moyen Niger. Paper presented to the CSA/CCTA Fourth symposium on hydrobiology and inland fisheries, Fort-Lamy, May 1961 Dec. 3:3 p. (mimeo)

Daget, J., 1961b Rapport sur le projet de barrage de Kainji (pêcheries). Paper presented to the CSA/CCTA 1961b Fourth symposium on hydrobiology and inland fisheries, Fort-Lamy, May 1961. Dec. 4: 7 p. (mimeo)

Daget, J., 1962 Relation entre la taille des écailles et la longeur standard chez les Tilapia galilaea (Art.) du moyen Niger. Bull.Inst.Fr.Afr.Noire 24A(2)486–504

Daget, J. and A. Iltis. 1965 Poissons de Côte d'Ivoire (eaux douces et saumatres). Mem.Inst.Fr. Afr. Noire, (74):1385

Daget, J. and A. Stauch, 1963 Poissons de la partie Camerounaise du Bassin de la Benoue. Mem.Inst. Fr.Afr.Noire. (68):85107

Evans, W.A., 1971 Ghana - stock assessment and fish biology. A report prepared for the Volta Lake Research Project, Rome, FA0,FI:3F/GHA10/9:32 p

FAO/UN 1970a Report to the Government of Nigeria on fishery investigations on the Niger and the Benue Rivers in the Northern Region and development of a programme of riverine fishery management and training. Based on the work of M.P. Motwani, Inland Fishery Biologist. Rep. FAO/UNDP (TA) (277 ): 196 p

FAO 1970b Kainji Lake Research Project, Nigeria. The fish population of the newly-impounded Kainji 1970b Lake. Report prepared for the Government of Nigeria by FAO acting as executing agency for UNDP, based on the work of Jerry L. Turner. Rome, FAO, FI: SF/NIR 24: Tech. Rep. 1:59 p

FAO 1972 Kainji Lake Research Project, Nigeria. Fish populations of Kainji Lake, trends in their development and utilization. Report prepared for the Government of Nigeria by FAO acting as executing agency for UNDP, based on the work of A. Lelek. Home FAO, FI:SF/NIR 24: Tech. Rep. 2:121 p

Fryer G. and T.D. Iles, 1972 The cichlid fishes of the Great Lakes of Africa, their biology and evolution. Edinburgh, Oliver and Boyd, 641 p

Henderson, F., 1973 Kainji Lake Research Project, Nigeria. A limnological description of Kainji Lake, 1969–1971. A report prepared for the Kainji Lake Project.

Holden, M.J., The populations of fish in dry season pools of the River Sokoto. Fish.Publ. Colon.Off., Lond., (19):58 p

Iles, T.D. and M.J. Holden. 1969 Bi-parental mouth breeding in Tilapia galilaea (Pisces, Cichlidae). 1969 J.Zool.Lond. 158(3):327–33

Imevbore, A.M.A., 1969 Biological research at the Kainji Lake basin, Nigeria, July 1965 – September 1966. In Man-made lakes: the Accra symposium, edited by L.E. Obeng, Accra, Ghana University Press, pp. 50–6

Ita, E.O. 1972 Approaches to the evaluation and management of the fish stock in Kainji Lake, Nigeria. Rome, FAO CIFA/72/s.14:18 p

Jenness, J., 1967 The use of plants as fish poison within the Kainji basin. In Fish and Fisheries 1967of Northern Nigeria, by W. Reed et al. Kaduma, Ministry of Agriculture, Northern Nigeria pp. 201–2

Leger, M. and A. Leger, 1914 Hemogregarine et trypanosome d'un poisson du Niger, Tilapia lata. C.R.Seánces Soc.Biol., Paris, 77:183

McConnell, R.H., 1965 Field identification of freshwater fishes likely to occur in the area above the Kainji dams, on the River Niger. In The First Scientific Report of the Kainji Biological Research Team, edited by E. White, Liverpool pp. 43–64

Motwani, M.P. and Y. Kanwai, 1970 Fish and fisheries of the coffer-dammed right channel of the River Niger at Kainji. In Kainji Lake Studies, Vol. 1. Ecology. pp. 27–48

Reynolds, J.D., J.A. Adetunji and H.O. Ankrah, 1969 Length-weight relationship of some Volta Lake fishes. Univ. Ghana Volta Basin Res. Proj. Tech. Rep., X29:12 p. (mimeo)

Sandon, H. 1950 An illustrated guide to the freshwater fishes of the Sudan. Sudan Notes. Rec. Monogr., (25):1–61

Smart, J.K. and V.O, Sagua. 1972 Progress report: January – July 1972 to National Advisory Committee, 9th meeting 19th and 20th July 1972. Kainji Lake Research Project, Nigeria, 55 p

Taylor, G.T, and F. Denych, Experiments on monofilament and multifilament gillnets and on deepwater gillnetting in Lake Volta. Government of Ghana, Department of Fisheries, 11 p (mimeo)

Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1968a An annotated bibliography of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). 1968a Doc. Zool. Mus.R.Afr.Cent., Tervuren, (14):406 p

Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E. 1968b Le statut taxonomique des espaces de Tilapia décrites par Aug. Dumeril en 1859. Rev.Zool.Bot.Afr. 78(3–4)

Tobor J.G., 1970 A survey of the fisheries of the Lower Yobe River in the North Western Basin 1970of Lake Chad. Occ.Pap.Fed.Fish.Serv. (12) 27 p

Trewavas, E., 1966 Tilapia aurea (Steindachner) and the status of Tilapia nilotica exul, T. monodi and T. lemassoni (Pisces, Cichlidae). Isr. J. Zool., 14(1965): 25876

Welcomme, R.L., 1964 Diagnoses and Key to Juveniles of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae) in Lake Victoria. E.Afr.Agric.For.J., 30(2): 129–30

Table 1

STANDARD LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF 506 T. galilaea FROM KAINJI LAKE, 1969–1973

 Average weight, grammes (number of samples in brackets)
Midpoint S.L.mmMalesFemalesSex not recordedAll samples
50  7(1)7(1)
60  8(1)8(1)
7014(1) 15(32)15( 33)
8025(1) 20(1)23( 2)
9032(1) 34(7)33( 8)
10038(3)54(1)41(15)41( 19)
11058(3)54(3)65(3)59(9)
12090(2)73(4)79(35)78(9)
130110(1)106(4)98(10)101(15)
140117(13)116(10)118(4)117(27)
150167(6)147(13)151(14)152(33)
160168(1)193(2)190(17)189(10)
170209(4)239(6)214(7)221(17)
180260(1)280(4)268(7)271(12)
190280(1)315(4)317(6)313(11)
200450(1)422(3)366(16)378(20)
210442(3)457(3)417(13)427(19)
220515(3)535(3)476(16)490(22)
230609(5)564(5)527(3)573(13)
240690(1)653(8)668(10)663(19)
250777(6)772(6)779(7)776(19)
260809(5)840(12)823(13)828(30)
270967(10)973(14)956(23)963(47)
2801 039(14)1 021(12)1 035(11)1 032(37)
2901 124(11)1 091(10)1 105(14)1 107(35)
3001 273(9)1 309(8)1 302(12)1 295(29)
3101 347(6)1 397(7)1 424(8)1 393(2)
3201 400(3)1 290(1)1 500(1)1 398(5)
3301 700(1)1 550(1)- 1 625(2)

Table 2

STANDARD LENGTH, AVERAGE TOTAL LENGTH OF 416 T. galilaea FROM KAINJI LAKE, 1970–1973

S.L. mmAver. T.L.mmNo. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L. mmNo. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L.No. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L. mmNo. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L. mmNo.fish
2552181151571167225124231522853692
2635731171561170221124431512863624
2735161181471172223224732122873693
283651191 57117422522483161288'3683
293751201552175227125033212893762
303621241632177237125132612903729
313911261691179237125231712913682
324121271673180235125333322923772
334321281701181230125433122933793
344411301742182239125633432943711
42521133179218524.3125733322953771
476021341782186236225833012963781
658911351744187255125933822973781
699131361681190251126033462983841
709321371732199267126134112993848
719571381793200265126233723003774
729641401838203266126333413013881
739b31431893205275326434313023902
719411441851208276126534253033821
8811511451905209270126634813043892
8911311461872212278126734813053900
9012211471874218291126834763073943
9212411481902219281126935313094011
9312411491972220296227034753103902
94126115019952222932271351231l3971
9512521522071223295127235353123892
9612331532013224,293127335443134001
971332154.19812252883274354'53143953
9813411551961227296127535683154052
9913211562071228286127635623174041
10013221582101232301127735733184072
10213121592121233302337836143203981
10913821602052235305227936813254191
11014611622191236299128036253314161
11114011632181237306.22823591   
1 121462165213223930732633633   
1141531166221224131522843671   

Table 3

STANDARD LENGTH, AVERAGE TOTAL LENGTH OF 95 T. Nilotica from Kainji Lake 1970–1973

S.L. mmAver.T.L. mmNo. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L. mmNo. fishS.L. mmAver. T.L. mmNo. fish
192417810312803563
2432179104.22863642
2532416921612913651
2b33217822512923651
2736620526712943701
2837421227012953701
2936522028812973701
3038922428812983701
3140622728913023751
3242223029513043821
3342123229623093961
3449124030523103981
3647125031813174031
3846125532613204051
4051126233713224101
7195126533613264121
7493127033813304251
75100227535313344241
77102127934013424351
      3454341

Table 4

LENGTH-FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF T. galilaea IN ELECTROFISHING and dipnet samples from Kainji Lake, 1970–1973

S.L. range, mmNumber of fish in cach length range
 ElectrofishingDipnet
 1970  1971   1972197319721973
 Oct.MarchJuneSeptOctNov.Dec.Aug.Jan.Nov.Febr.
  5–92--------16
10–1472-731811417453
15–191531354198118221917860
20–2425113321810171295710719
25–29317163078254738071 
30–349a6241463253081183
35–3924131365216216035
40–444-2317.74110346451
45–49'231415329. 335431 
50–546119023745239- 
55–595230311424119- 
60–64-216621925313- 
65–6911134310-2711- 
70–74-2106314 42101 
75–791224 4-242  
80–84-11110-2-272  
85–89-18211 222  
90–94--42-2-143  
95–991-72-1-111  
100–1492114111113118  
Total1134123225090572207602525459147

Table 5

LENGTH-FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF T. nilotica IN ELECTROFISHING AND DIPNET SAMPLES FROM KAINJI LAKE, 1970–1973

S.L. range mmNumber of fish in each length range
 ElectrofishingDipnet
 1970  1971  1972197319721973
 Oct.MarchAprilJuneSept.Nov.Aug.Jan.Nov.Feb.
10–44    1   1 
15–19 1  3   21
20–24    1  14 
25–29       1291
30–34    34 7342
35–39 2 911 3843
40–4413 829 202 
45–491  1234 291 
50–54  215 4 18  
55–59 1 1013 15  
60–64 3 11 2110  
65–69 1 2113 6  
70–74 1 12 7 9  
75–79 1 2 248  
80–84 2 31325  
85–89     112  
90–94     561  
95–99 1  1 31  
100–149 1 336136  
Total2172108215430177777

Table 6

ESTIMATED ABUNDANCE OF FISH APPEARING IN COMMERCIAL CATCHES ON SALE AT SHAGUNU ON MARKET DAYS, 1971–1973

  1971    1972     1973
 Nov.DecJan.Feb.Mar.AprilMayJuneJulyAug.Sept.Oct.Nov.Feb
Group25291630613203101724183061320284111825181522296132031017243171421285199181
Tilapia1322332333332321-2224434443555455545555454444
Polypterus 1  1   11    111     1 2211111   2211211  11
Glupisudis   1   1 12   1   233122 12 22   12      
Morayaids1111111 1111111  1111111211111 111212 1
Hydrocynus132132444233222212112212122122122332334132324
Alestes455434554334434334344322343555554555534423455
Distichodus    1 2 11111111 111121 11  1 111 1121 1111 1
Citherinus312211222233223332133432443434453432333233532
Labeo214333332234434122223323222232335312335432223
Eutropius1222223211221112322212   211133322311223  
Clarias    1 22 221222 2123222 11 12111211  1112  1 
Meterobranchus      2     3        2 1 21 21111    1      1
Bagrus21  11231211444333332212 31132122222222121341
Chrysichthys12212221221213343453331 1233  214333232222352
Auchneglanis21221222212333322232331 1  1222122  213111211
Synodontis233322333323445534535554443333334443443444435
Lates111121133222231112123332123133223223232333222
No.of baskets*3040504040505050504050606060904735586435609050483850468586607076921069287100130136768070287045

* Cylindrical fish basket 3 feet long by 1½ feet diameter, representing about 60 Kg. fresh weight.

1Rare
2Occassional
3Common
4Very common
5Abundant

Table 7

LENGTH - FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF T. galilaea IN GILLNET AND CABINET CATCHES IN KAINJI LAKE

Midpoint S.L., mmGillnet size, inches
(stretched mesh)
Castnet size, inches
(stretched mesh)
23456735
601            
7035   1    1   
801        1 1 
9016 1     7   
10021111     13  
110 121     126  
1201 5      2474 
130  83  1  1236 
140 129     31930 
150 2296    11435 
160  143     915 
170   275    16 
180   1262    3 
190   153     1 
200   131.16     2
210   11210     1
220     517     4
230   11 71    4
240     4731   5
250     3861   1
260    128152   2
270   11513197   3
280   2123177    
290    117136   8
300     1366   10
310   1 1128   7
320   1  2 2    
330            1
340      1      
Total4121 4033   4018142101 
Fig. 1

Fig. 1 - LOCATION MAP OF NIGER AND BENUE RIVERS AND KAINJI LAKE IN NIGERIA

Fig. 2

Fig. 2 - MAP OF KAINJI LAKE SHOWING SAMPLING LOCATIONS

Fig. 3

Fig. 3 - STANDARD LENGTH: WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF T. galilaea IN KAINJI LAKE AND
VOLTA LAKE (curve drawn by eye)

Fig. 4

Fig. 4 - STANDARD LENGTH: TOTAL LENGTH RELATIONSHIP OF T.galilaea
IN KAINJI LAKE (curve drawn by eye)

Fig. 5

Fig. 5 - STANDARD LENGTH: TOTAL LENGTH RELATIONSHIP OF T. nilotica
IN KAINJI LAKE (curve drawn by eye)

Fig. 6

Fig. 6 - LENGTH FREQUENCY DISTRIBUTION OF T. galilaea CAUGHT IN VARIOUS MESH SIZES OF GILLNETS IN KAINJI LAKE (1969 TO 1972)
(the dotted line compares similar data for Volta Lake,adapted from Evans, 1971)


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