Back to main page

 

This summary presents an outline of the analysis of European catch and aquaculture statistics from 1988 to 1998. It updates document EIFAC/XX/98/Inf.4 presented to the Twentieth Session of EIFAC.

In reviewing the inland capture fisheries and aquaculture sectors the 18^th session adopted a division of the continent into four subdivisions. Because inland fisheries sectors in the Northern, Southern and Western Europe were similar these three regions were combined to contrast with Eastern Europe. The composition of countries constituting Eastern and Western Europe given below differ from that used in the 19^th session. In particular Eastern Europe now includes Belarus, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Russian Federation, Slovenia and Ukraine.

Regions of Europe

Eastern	Western
Albania	Austria
Belarus	Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Denmark
Bulgaria	Finland
Croatia	France
Czech Republic	Germany
Estonia	Greece
Hungary	Iceland
Latvia	Ireland
Lithuania	Italy
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	Luxembourg
Moldova, Republic of	Netherlands
Poland	Norway
Romania	Portugal
Russian Federation	Spain
Slovakia	Sweden
Slovenia	Switzerland
Ukraine	United Kingdom
Yugoslavia Fed. Rep. of

The above map provides a continental overview of total inland fisheries production in Europe and number of countries ( given in parenthesis in the key of the above map) in the various production bands. Six countries, Russian Federation (333 400 tonnes), France (62 700 tonnes), Germany (59000 tonnes), Italy (58000 tonnes), Poland (52000 tonnes) and Finland (51000 tonnes) reported production of over 50 000 tonnes. The Russian federation is by far the largest producer of aquatic organisms in Europe. Ten countries reported production of less that 2500 tonne. These were Slovakia, Moldavia, Iceland, Macedonian, Belgium, Portugal, Slovenia, Latvia, Albania, and Norway.

The decline in total production form inland waters in Eastern Europe since the 1988 economic realignments stabilised in 1996 onwards and by 1998 production increase from 471000 in 1996 to 512000 tonnes.

Total production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Russian Federation	583,069		Russian Federation	333,426
Ukraine	147,017		Poland	51,828
Romania	77,264		Ukraine	33,218
Hungary	38,294		Czech Republic	21,183
Poland	34,160		Hungary	17,487
Yugoslavia SFR	26,749		Romania	14,203
Czechoslovakia	25,637		Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	7,494
Belarus	19,000		Bulgaria	6,495
Bulgaria	13,130		Belarus	5,184
Moldova, Republic of	8,606		Estonia	4,138
Lithuania	6,307		Croatia	3,613
Estonia	5,239		Lithuania	3,253
Latvia	4,481		Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,500
Albania	3,061		Slovakia	2,007
			Moldova, Republic of	1,620
			Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	1,388
			Slovenia	1,006
			Latvia	926
			Albania	839
Total	992,014		Total	511,808

The overall trend during the decade, however, is still downwards with production levels in 1998 only around half that of 1988. Production in major countries such as Russian Federation, Poland, Ukraine Hungary, Romania, declined sharply. Production in Poland has continued to increase in recent years increasing form 34000 tonnes in 1988 to over 51000 tonnes in 1998.

The output from inland fisheries in Eastern Europe has shown a steady decline since 1988 which was checked in mid 1990�s and recent statistics suggest a slight increase form 298000 tonnes in 1996 to 332000 tonnes in 1998.

Capture fishery production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Russian Federation	436,986		Russian Federation	271,311
Ukraine	50,840		Poland	22,037
Romania	26,584		Hungary	7,265
Hungary	20,324		Ukraine	4,886
Yugoslavia SFR	16,449		Romania	4,589
Poland	8,209		Czech Republic	3,952
Estonia	4,838		Estonia	3,878
Czechoslovakia	4,390		Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	3,494
Belarus	2,848		Bosnia and Herzegovina	2,500
Lithuania	2,555		Bulgaria	2,335
Albania	2,436		Lithuania	1,737
Latvia	1,555		Slovakia	1,359
Moldova, Republic of	1,460		Albania	823
Bulgaria	1,089		Latvia	501
			Moldova, Republic of	491
			Belarus	457
			Croatia	408
			Slovenia	251
			Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	126
Total	580,563		Total	332,400

A significant proportion of the decline in capture fisheries can be attributed to almost halving of production from the Russian Federation, from 437000 tonnes in 1988 to 271000 tonnes in 1998. Production form Ukraine similarly declined tenfold from around 51000 tonnes to 5000 tonnes in the same period. This reduction in fisheries output from the Danube Delta in Romania has also resulted in a steady decline in capture fisheries output, form 27000 tonnes in 1988 to around 4500 tonnes in 1998. It is highly likely, however, that these reported data under-represent the catch by anglers. Much of this catch is eaten and in recent years recreational fisheries contributes an estimated 52000 tonnes to domestic diets.

The overall trend in aquaculture production is similar to that of inland capture fisheries. Production decline steadily till 1996 and recent data suggest stabilisation and weak recovery. Aquaculture production increased form 174000 tonnes in 1996 to 179000 tones in 1998.

Aquaculture production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Russian Federation	146,083		Russian Federation	62,115
Ukraine	96,177		Poland	29,791
Romania	50,680		Ukraine	28,332
Poland	25,951		Czech Republic	17,231
Czechoslovakia	21,247		Hungary	10,222
Hungary	17,970		Romania	9,614
Belarus	16,152		Belarus	4,727
Bulgaria	12,041		Bulgaria	4,160
Yugoslavia SFR	10,300		Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	4,000
Moldova, Republic of	7,146		Croatia	3,205
Lithuania	3,752		Lithuania	1,516
Latvia	2,926		Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	1,262
Albania	625		Moldova, Republic of	1,129
Estonia	401		Slovenia	755
			Slovakia	648
			Latvia	425
			Estonia	260
			Albania	16
Total	411,451		Total	179,408

In keeping with capture fisheries production in all major-producing countries except Poland output declined noticeably since 1988. In Poland aquaculture production increased form 26000 tonnes in 1988 to 30000 in 1998.

A detailed breakdown by country total, capture and culture fisheries for the period is set out in the following sheets

Total production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Albania	3,061	3,073	2,214	999	1,032	1,003	838	259	390	187	839
Belarus	19,000	21,457	19,626	15,543	9,922	10,011	7,720	6,178	6,859	4,821	5,184
Bosnia and Herzegovina	...	...	...	...	3,000	2,500	2,400	2,500	2,600	2,550	2,500
Bulgaria	13,130	13,088	9,476	9,254	9,743	9,572	7,095	5,112	5,812	7,251	6,495
Croatia	...	...	...	...	6,336	4,442	4,753	3,796	2,813	3,133	3,613
Czech Republic	...	...	...	...	...	23,427	22,610	22,608	21,724	20,881	21,183
Czechoslovakia	25,637	25,232	26,630	26,346	28,485	-	-	-	-	-	-
Estonia	5,239	7,167	5,401	2,937	4,042	2,575	2,170	2,531	2,633	2,699	4,138
Hungary	38,294	35,517	33,888	22,879	22,908	17,378	18,206	16,674	15,686	16,740	17,487
Latvia	4,481	6,542	2,368	3,229	1,192	892	1,055	1,039	916	889	926
Lithuania	6,307	8,180	10,636	7,242	5,421	4,037	3,061	2,974	2,832	3,228	3,253
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	...	...	...	...	1,209	1,235	1,230	1,505	989	1,618	1,388
Moldova, Republic of	8,606	8,621	9,472	5,171	3,345	2,905	1,920	2,110	1,670	1,771	1,620
Poland	34,160	34,160	45,000	48,000	51,150	50,000	52,000	50,000	49,737	50,717	51,828
Romania	77,264	66,842	48,186	40,518	34,510	29,662	30,998	28,878	20,045	15,450	14,203
Russian Federation	583,069	601,396	609,838	400,058	378,011	307,002	291,345	273,304	284,765	278,201	333,426
Slovakia	...	...	...	...	...	2,772	3,488	3,565	2,366	2,640	2,007
Slovenia	...	...	...	...	1,005	950	1,001	1,019	1,009	1,070	1,006
Ukraine	147,017	141,338	117,132	84,500	91,468	79,044	57,802	41,815	41,777	36,028	33,218
Yugoslavia SFR	26,749	25,429	24,447	12,200	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	...	...	...	...	7,410	6,169	6,492	6,166	6,543	6,986	7,494
Total	992,014	998,042	964,314	678,876	660,189	555,576	516,184	472,033	471,166	456,860	511,808

 

Aquaculture production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Albania	625	764	518	197	116	115	102	40	73	7	16
Belarus	16,152	17,817	16,638	14,750	8,415	7,018	6,934	5,463	6,038	4,322	4,727
Bulgaria	12,041	11,615	7,849	7,798	8,132	7,897	6,100	4,350	4,685	5,370	4,160
Croatia	...	...	...	...	6,138	4,158	4,413	3,432	2,379	2,725	3,205
Czech Republic	...	...	...	...	...	20,242	18,655	18,679	18,200	17,560	17,231
Czechoslovakia	21,247	21,266	22,326	22,046	24,135	-	-	-	-	-	-
Estonia	401	1,232	849	1,067	533	164	261	165	272	260	260
Hungary	17,970	20,548	17,600	14,434	14,230	9,492	9,899	9,360	8,080	9,334	10,222
Latvia	2,926	6,288	2,235	2,685	641	339	560	525	380	345	425
Lithuania	3,752	4,580	4,666	4,792	3,899	2,907	1,874	1,714	1,537	1,516	1,516
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	...	...	...	...	1,014	1,071	1,034	1,297	911	1,488	1,262
Moldova, Republic of	7,146	6,756	7,141	5,124	2,935	2,275	1,212	1,401	1,067	1,202	1,129
Poland	25,951	25,951	26,400	29,500	30,200	18,609	24,500	25,111	27,700	28,680	29,791
Romania	50,680	47,260	34,950	29,530	24,620	21,100	20,400	19,830	13,900	11,168	9,614
Russian Federation	146,083	173,220	253,885	110,870	102,983	90,355	73,487	60,430	51,493	51,110	62,115
Slovakia	...	...	...	...	...	1,588	1,861	1,617	954	1,254	648
Slovenia	...	...	...	...	712	653	684	727	744	790	755
Ukraine	96,177	94,891	81,639	53,248	66,667	65,855	43,016	34,968	32,309	29,813	28,332
Yugoslavia SFR	10,300	10,300	12,043	6,200	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	...	...	...	...	2,299	2,372	2,580	2,363	2,890	3,486	4,000
Total	411,451	442,488	488,739	302,241	297,669	256,210	217,572	191,472	173,612	170,430	179,408

 

Capture fishery production from inland waters - Eastern Europe

	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Albania	2,436	2,309	1,696	802	916	888	736	219	317	180	823
Belarus	2,848	3,640	2,988	793	1,507	2,993	786	715	821	499	457
Bosnia and Herzegovina	...	...	...	...	3,000	2,500	2,400	2,500	2,600	2,550	2,500
Bulgaria	1,089	1,473	1,627	1,456	1,611	1,675	995	762	1,127	1,881	2,335
Croatia	...	...	...	...	198	284	340	364	434	408	408
Czech Republic	...	...	...	...	...	3,185	3,955	3,929	3,524	3,321	3,952
Czechoslovakia	4,390	3,966	4,304	4,300	4,350	-	-	-	-	-	-
Estonia	4,838	5,935	4,552	1,870	3,509	2,411	1,909	2,366	2,361	2,439	3,878
Hungary	20,324	14,969	16,288	8,445	8,678	7,886	8,307	7,314	7,606	7,406	7,265
Latvia	1,555	254	133	544	551	553	495	514	536	544	501
Lithuania	2,555	3,600	5,970	2,450	1,522	1,130	1,187	1,260	1,295	1,712	1,737
Macedonia, Fmr Yug Rp of	...	...	...	...	195	164	196	208	78	130	126
Moldova, Republic of	1,460	1,865	2,331	47	410	630	708	709	603	569	491
Poland	8,209	8,209	18,600	18,500	20,950	31,391	27,500	24,889	22,037	22,037	22,037
Romania	26,584	19,582	13,236	10,988	9,890	8,562	10,598	9,048	6,145	4,282	4,589
Russian Federation	436,986	428,176	355,953	289,188	275,028	216,647	217,858	212,874	233,272	227,091	271,311
Slovakia	...	...	...	...	...	1,184	1,627	1,948	1,412	1,386	1,359
Slovenia	...	...	...	...	293	297	317	292	265	280	251
Ukraine	50,840	46,447	35,493	31,252	24,801	13,189	14,786	6,847	9,468	6,215	4,886
Yugoslavia SFR	16,449	15,129	12,404	6,000	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep. of	...	...	...	...	5,111	3,797	3,912	3,803	3,653	3,500	3,494
Total	580,563	555,554	475,575	376,635	362,520	299,366	298,612	280,561	297,554	286,430	332,400

In contrast to Eastern Europe total inland fisheries production in Western Europe showed a slow increase since 1988. In 1998 output reached 374000 tonnes.

Total production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Italy	55,193		France	62,660
Finland	52,801		Germany	58,616
Germany	50,680		Italy	58,267
France	44,664		Finland	50,484
Spain	30,066		Spain	39,109
Denmark	23,948		Denmark	35,628
United Kingdom	16,052		Greece	24,867
Greece	9,992		United Kingdom	17,449
Netherlands	6,001		Netherlands	5,907
Sweden	5,229		Ireland	5,246
Austria	5,100		Sweden	4,582
Switzerland	4,227		Austria	3,362
Ireland	3,733		Switzerland	2,859
Portugal	1,851		Iceland	1,521
Belgium	1,174		Belgium	1,357
Iceland	799		Portugal	1,271
Norway	280		Norway	507
Total	311,790		Total	373,692

During this decade Italy and Finland lost there ranked position as first and second largest producers. In 1998, increases in production in France and Germany to 63000 and 59000 tonnes, respectively, resulted in these countries being ranked the top two. Greece, Spain and Denmark also reported notable increases.

Inland capture fisheries however, steadily declined since 1988 but stabilised in the early 1990�s. Over the decade however output rose form 116000 tonnes in 1988 to 122500 tonnes in 1998.

Capture fishery production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Finland	49,300		Finland	47,618
Italy	19,393		Germany	22,916
Spain	9,386		Greece	21,769
Germany	9,238		Spain	8,710
Greece	7,353		Italy	4,667
Netherlands	5,151		France	4,500
Switzerland	3,973		Ireland	3,976
France	3,500		Switzerland	1,709
Ireland	3,103		Sweden	1,559
Sweden	2,184		Netherlands	1,547
United Kingdom	1,201		United Kingdom	1,388
Iceland	643		Belgium	511
Austria	600		Norway	507
Belgium	474		Austria	451
Denmark	389		Iceland	416
Norway	280		Denmark	349
Total	116,168		Total	122,593

The drastic decline in catch in some countries such as Italy, Switzerland, and Netherlands continued into 1998 as did the significant reported increases in production in Germany and Greece. In the case of Germany this increase was attributed to the inclusion of recreational fisheries into the production total since 1995. In other countries the non-inclusion of recreation fisheries underestimates the inland capture fisheries production. It is estimated that recreational fishermen contributed 113000 tonnes of fish for domestic consumption.

Aquaculture production from inland waters has increased steadily since 1988 and in 1998 totalled 251000 tonnes

Aquaculture production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988		Country	1998
Germany	41,442		France	58,160
France	41,164		Italy	53,600
Italy	35,800		Germany	35,700
Denmark	23,559		Denmark	35,279
Spain	20,680		Spain	30,399
United Kingdom	14,851		United Kingdom	16,061
Austria	4,500		Netherlands	4,360
Finland	3,501		Greece	3,098
Sweden	3,045		Sweden	3,023
Greece	2,639		Austria	2,911
Portugal	1,851		Finland	2,866
Netherlands	850		Portugal	1,271
Belgium	700		Ireland	1,270
Ireland	630		Switzerland	1,150
Switzerland	254		Iceland	1,105
Iceland	156		Belgium	846
Total	195,622		Total	251,099

Major increases in Western Europe continued to come from France, Italy, Denmark and Spain. Other countries remained static or only showed slight increases.

Total production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Austria	5,100	5,000	3,659	3,640	3,624	3,565	3,494	3,325	3,402	3,486	3,362
Belgium	1,174	1,249	1,186	1,357	1,357	1,357	1,357	1,357	1,457	1,357	1,357
Denmark	23,948	26,795	35,838	36,529	37,125	35,716	36,361	37,646	33,818	33,288	35,628
Finland	52,801	54,064	54,679	53,181	54,643	55,361	51,262	51,899	50,659	51,079	50,484
France	44,664	44,025	50,155	51,510	56,460	61,175	63,435	64,029	67,985	69,896	62,660
Germany	50,680	55,374	54,271	47,341	48,205	48,937	48,208	61,987	59,987	59,916	58,616
Greece	9,992	9,797	10,459	9,954	11,753	13,260	16,168	19,889	19,719	19,416	24,867
Iceland	799	724	789	1,063	1,285	1,473	1,272	1,599	1,463	1,549	1,521
Ireland	3,733	7,054	3,641	3,783	3,956	3,835	4,458	4,764	4,966	4,905	5,246
Italy	55,193	58,584	54,150	55,598	56,025	58,910	62,796	65,215	59,764	63,190	58,267
Netherlands	6,001	4,721	3,837	4,809	3,588	3,986	4,843	6,861	6,407	6,000	5,907
Norway	280	576	483	541	580	435	432	413	338	439	507
Portugal	1,851	1,079	2,387	2,360	1,309	1,435	2,184	983	1,354	1,255	1,271
Spain	30,066	28,946	31,823	31,321	27,687	29,304	26,733	31,093	33,930	38,005	39,109
Sweden	5,229	5,523	5,923	5,517	5,556	5,203	5,206	5,044	5,005	5,129	4,582
Switzerland	4,227	4,483	4,228	4,829	3,945	2,957	2,716	2,749	3,002	3,009	2,859
United Kingdom	16,052	20,093	16,584	16,473	17,287	16,041	18,560	18,763	18,741	17,431	17,449
Total	311,790	328,087	334,092	329,806	334,385	342,950	349,485	377,616	371,997	379,350	373,692

Aquaculture production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Austria	4,500	4,450	3,126	3,140	3,145	3,145	3,106	2,921	2,952	3,021	2,911
Belgium	700	735	675	846	846	846	846	846	946	846	846
Denmark	23,559	26,359	35,446	36,140	36,466	35,379	36,099	37,382	33,622	33,056	35,279
Finland	3,501	5,091	5,369	4,073	3,236	3,839	3,367	3,463	3,041	3,461	2,866
France	41,164	41,005	46,655	47,510	52,110	56,775	58,985	59,529	63,445	65,356	58,160
Germany	41,442	47,392	43,540	38,300	39,435	38,100	37,300	39,000	37,000	37,000	35,700
Greece	2,639	2,447	2,292	2,118	2,746	2,484	2,875	2,304	3,236	3,416	3,098
Iceland	156	197	113	307	399	566	574	860	855	1,145	1,105
Ireland	630	650	705	845	965	906	854	1,003	1,160	1,101	1,270
Italy	35,800	38,675	41,100	46,075	46,950	49,395	52,875	55,180	53,000	56,500	53,600
Netherlands	850	1,075	1,250	1,300	1,270	2,350	2,397	2,754	4,250	3,707	4,360
Norway	...	100	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...	...
Portugal	1,851	1,079	2,387	2,360	1,309	1,435	2,184	983	1,354	1,255	1,271
Spain	20,680	21,194	20,901	20,614	18,891	20,089	20,449	22,224	25,220	29,295	30,399
Sweden	3,045	3,361	3,855	3,382	3,248	2,930	2,952	3,110	3,195	3,118	3,023
Switzerland	254	1,180	1,070	1,230	1,230	1,135	1,235	1,161	1,161	1,150	1,150
United Kingdom	14,851	17,260	13,918	14,416	15,252	14,132	16,369	16,617	16,811	15,950	16,061
Total	195,622	212,250	222,402	222,656	227,498	233,506	242,467	249,337	251,248	259,377	251,099

Capture fishery production from inland waters - Western Europe

Country	1988	1989	1990	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997	1998
Austria	600	550	533	500	479	420	388	404	450	465	451
Belgium	474	514	511	511	511	511	511	511	511	511	511
Denmark	389	436	392	389	659	337	262	264	196	232	349
Finland	49,300	48,973	49,310	49,108	51,407	51,522	47,895	48,436	47,618	47,618	47,618
France	3,500	3,020	3,500	4,000	4,350	4,400	4,450	4,500	4,540	4,540	4,500
Germany	9,238	7,982	10,731	9,041	8,770	10,837	10,908	22,987	22,987	22,916	22,916
Greece	7,353	7,350	8,167	7,836	9,007	10,776	13,293	17,585	16,483	16,000	21,769
Iceland	643	527	676	756	886	907	698	739	608	404	416
Ireland	3,103	6,404	2,936	2,938	2,991	2,929	3,604	3,761	3,806	3,804	3,976
Italy	19,393	19,909	13,050	9,523	9,075	9,515	9,921	10,035	6,764	6,690	4,667
Netherlands	5,151	3,646	2,587	3,509	2,318	1,636	2,446	4,107	2,157	2,293	1,547
Norway	280	476	483	541	580	435	432	413	338	439	507
Spain	9,386	7,752	10,922	10,707	8,796	9,215	6,284	8,869	8,710	8,710	8,710
Sweden	2,184	2,162	2,068	2,135	2,308	2,273	2,254	1,934	1,810	2,011	1,559
Switzerland	3,973	3,303	3,158	3,599	2,715	1,822	1,481	1,588	1,841	1,859	1,709
United Kingdom	1,201	2,833	2,666	2,057	2,035	1,909	2,191	2,146	1,930	1,481	1,388
Total	116,168	115,837	111,690	107,150	106,887	109,444	107,018	128,279	120,749	119,973	122,593

Aquaculture in Eastern Europe continues to be heavily dependent on cyprinids, principally Cyprinius carpio

Species composition of aquaculture in 1998 - Eastern Europe

Species	Species	Thousand tonnes
Cyprinoidei	Cyprinids	154
Salmonoidei	Salmonoids	17
Miscellaneous	Others	9

Much of the farming in Eastern Europe is based on C. carpio and salmonids for stocking in support of capture and recreational fisheries in natural and artificial waters. In 1998 cyprinids accounted for 86% of farmed output.

In contrast with Eastern Europe the major-farmed group is the salmonids with rainbow trout as the major species of choice.

Species composition of aquaculture in 1998 - Western Europe

Species	Species	Thousand tonnes
Salmonoidei	Salmonoids	214
Cyprinoidei	Cyprinids	22
Anguilla anguilla	European eel	9
Siluroidei	Freshwater siluroids	3
Miscellaneous	Others	3

A greater variety of species are cultured in Western Europe with a trend to more specialist markets and greater experimentation. In contrast to Eastern Europe culture of salmonids dominate aquaculture production, which in 1998 accounted for 85% of farmed output.

Inland capture fisheries in Eastern Europe are heavily dependant on cyprinids possibly due to the more homogenious aquatic environments which are mainly eutrophic lowland lakes and potamonic, high order river plains. A sighnificant proportionnof the total catch are not identifiable to the species level. In 1998 incompletely identified species accounted for around 36% of total inland catch.

Species composition of capture fisheries in 1998 - Eastern Europe

Species	Species	Thousand tonnes
Clupeoidei	Diadromous clupeoids	120
Cyprinoidei	Cyprinids	112
Salmonoidei	Salmonoids	44
Percidae	Perches	11
Siluroidei	Freshwater siluroids	10
Esox lucius	Northern pike	7
Miscellaneous	Others	28

Greater market opportunities, greater range in climatic and landscapes in the region have all contributed to a larger variety of species being harvested. Catches by anglers, many of which are from catch and return recreational fisheries are not included in these figures.

Species composition of capture fisheries in 1998 - Western Europe

Species	Species	Thousand tonnes
Salmonoidei	Salmonoids	21
Percidae	Perches	16
Cyprinoidei	Cyprinids	14
Esox lucius	Northern pike	12
Astacidae, Cambaridae	Crayfishes	3
Anguilla anguilla	European eel	3
Lota lota	Burbot	1
Miscellaneous	Others	53

Contribution of introduced aquatic organisms to European production in 1998

Status	Western		Eastern
	Capture	Culture	Capture	Culture
Introduced	2.9 %	84.9 %	9.8 %	28.9%
Native	97.1 %	15.1 %	90.1 %	71.1%

Introduced species contribute a high proportion of the fish caught within the European Region and the choice of these candidate species for culture contrasts between the two sub-regions. In Western Europe introduced species constitute 85% of total aquaculture output whereas in Eastern Europe this only represents 29% of total cultured output. The introduced O. Mykiss accounts for the major part of culture in Western Europe. Eastern Europe heavily depends on C. Carpio for both culture and capture. This species is widespread all over Europe and given that they have been introduced in ancient times it could be considered native. The use of Asiatic carps for culture has a long history in Eastern Europe and some have now become established or stocked into natural water bodies in support of capture fishery.

Major introduced species in European catches

Species name	Scientific name
Rainbow trout	Oncorhynchus mykiss
Silver carp	Hypophthalmichthys molitrix
Pink(=Humpback)salmon	Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Chum(=Keta=Dog)salmon	Oncorhynchus keta
Bighead carp	Hypophthalmichthys nobilis
Sockeye(=Red)salmon	Oncorhynchus nerka
Goldfish	Carassius auratus
Red swamp crawfish	Procambarus clarkii
North African catfish	Clarias gariepinus
Grass carp(=White amur)	Ctenopharyngodon idellus
Coho(=Silver)salmon	Oncorhynchus kisutch
Black bullhead	Ictalurus melas
Brook trout	Salvelinus fontinalis
Chinook(=Spring=King)salmon	Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Tilapias nei	Oreochromis (=Tilapia) spp
Signal crayfish	Pacifastacus leniusculus
Channel catfish	Ictalurus punctatus