Summary of environmental impact hazard related to irrigation development
Table 90 attempts to asses the environmental risk related to irrigation development, resulting from salinization and water-related diseases, as well as possible decrease of forestry, fishery and wildlife. Risk has been classified into three categories: serious, moderate or low, and presented for each basin and each environmental topic. It should be stressed that, although some major trends may be identified' environmental impact is usually of local nature and can vary considerably within a basin.
TABLE 90 Environmental impact assessment of irrigation, by basin
Basin |
Irrigation potential (1000 ha) |
Environmental impact hazard |
||||
Salinity |
Health |
Forest |
Fishery |
Wildlife |
||
Senegal river |
420 |
+++ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Niger river |
2 817 |
+++ |
++ |
+ |
++ |
++ |
Lake Chad |
1 163 |
+++ |
++ |
+ |
++ |
++ |
Nile river |
8 000 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
++ |
Rift Valley |
844 |
+ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Shebelli-Juba |
351 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Congo/Zaire river |
9 800 |
+ |
+ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
Zambezi river |
3 160 |
++ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Okavango |
208 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+++ |
Limpopo river |
295 |
++ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Orange river |
390 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
South interior |
54 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
North interior |
71 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Mediterranean Coast |
850 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
North West Coast |
1 200 |
+++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
West Coast |
5 113 |
+ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
West Central Coast |
835 |
+ |
++ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
South West Coast |
1 808 |
++ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
++ |
South Atlantic Coast |
84 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Indian Ocean Coast |
1 500 |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
East Central Coast |
1 928 |
+ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
North East Coast |
78 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Madagascar |
1 500 |
+ |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Islands |
35 |
++ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Total |
42 504 |
+++: serious
++: moderate
+: low or nil