Feeds can be of animal, plant, microbial or mineral origin. The following tables set out potential hazards and the stage at which they may enter the food chain.
Table 2. Feed of plant origin
|
|
Pre-harvest |
Post-harvest |
Post-processing |
|
Grains and their by-products |
A, B, D |
A |
A |
|
Oilseeds and their by-products |
A, B, D |
A, B, D |
A, B, C, D |
|
Molasses |
B, D |
- |
A (possible) |
|
Roots and tubers |
B, D |
A |
A |
|
Forages |
A, B, C, D |
A, C |
A, B |
|
Roughages |
- |
A, B, C |
- |
|
Fats and oils |
- |
- |
B |
|
Key: |
A = mycotoxins |
B = agricultural chemicals |
C = microbial pathogens |
D = metals |
Table 3. Feed of animal origin
|
Raw Post-processing materials | ||
|
Mammalian protein meals |
B, C, D, E, F |
C |
|
Poultry meals |
B, C, D, E |
C |
|
Aquatic animal meals |
B, C, D |
A, C |
|
Fats and oils |
B |
- |
|
Key: |
A = mycotoxins |
B = agricultural chemicals |
C = microbial pathogens |
D = metals |
E = drug residues |
F = TSEs |
Table 4. Miscellaneous feed ingredients
|
|
Raw material |
Post-processing |
|
|
MINERAL ORIGIN |
|
|
|
|
|
Phosphate, calcium and sodium sources |
D |
- |
|
Trace element premixes |
D |
- |
|
|
Non-nutritive adsorbents |
D |
- |
|
|
MICROBIAL ORIGIN |
|
|
|
|
|
Yeast and single cell protein |
C, D |
D |
|
MISCELLANEOUS ORIGIN |
|
|
|
|
|
Food waste |
A, C |
A, C |
|
Animal manure |
B, C, D |
C |
|
|
Key: |
A = mycotoxins |
B = agricultural chemicals |
C = microbial pathogens |
D = metals |
