Methodological notes and comments

Selection and presentation of references

Sources of literature

Comments on the broader body of consulted literature

Methodological notes and comments

Selection and presentation of references

The basic criteria applied in the selection of references for this Bibliography have been the following:

· referred literature is in Portuguese language;

· referred literature analyzes phenomena related to, and linkages between, status and roles of women, population issues, and agriculture and rural development in the PALOPs;

· referred literature has been produced since 1981; and

· referred literature is available for consultation in Lisbon.

In the Bibliography, each reference appears in its Portuguese original, followed by English translation of the main title, and by an annotation. All annotations contain, to a maximum extent possible, the following elements:

· indication of the nature and purpose of the referred text;

· indication of the manner in which rural women, population and development figure in the text (e.g., main focus, chapter, section, substantive references, etc.); and

· technical substance and main findings.

The typology of the selected references as regards their format is as follows:

· author's monographs (books);

· "readers", i.e. books containing collections of author's articles;

· author's articles and bibliographies in periodicals;

· unpublished doctoral dissertations, master theses, and graduation papers;

· books of proceedings from technical meetings;

· author's papers at technical meetings;

· unpublished field project and desk research reports;

· unpublished technical support texts by individual experts or institutions (e.g., prepared for sensibilization and training courses, etc.); and

· publications issued by governmental and non-governmental organizations (e.g., statistical reviews, technical manuals, booklets, briefs, etc.) containing information and/or discussion on issues of relevance to gender-relations and the status of women in the rural setting.

The Bibliography consists of two main parts. Part One contains bibliographic references in separate sections for Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea Bissau, Mozambique and São Tomé e Principe. As appropriate, references are grouped (in authors' alphabetical order) under the following topics:

· Gender Relations in Agriculture;

· Gender in Family Relations;

· Women's and Children's Livelihoods;

· Women and Migration;

· Women and Environment;

· Women and Development Policies and Projects; and

· Miscellanies.

Part One also contains a section with references dealing with two or more PALOPs.

Part Two presents the same references (in fact, the numbers under which they appear in Part One) grouped under selected "key words", or denominators, which are relevant to WPD-related issues in the context of agriculture and rural development.

Sources of literature

This bibliographic research has revealed the existence of at least sixteen different specialized libraries and information/documentation centers and other relevant sources in Lisbon, ranging from NGOs to Universities. Full names and addresses of these sources are listed hereunder.

NGOs dealing with PALOPs

CIDAC - Centro de Informação e Documentação Amilcar Cabral Centro de Documentação Rua Pinheiro Chagas, 77, 3° Esq. Lisboa

INDE - Intercooperação e Desenvolvimento Biblioteca e Centro de Informação/Documentação Rua Gomes Freire, 211, 4° Dto. - Lisboa

OIKOS - Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Centro de Estudantes Africanos Rua S. Tiago, 9 - Lisboa

Higher education institutions

Universidade de Lisboa

Faculdade de Letras, Instituto de Estudos Africanos Centro de Documentação, Cidade Universitária - Lisboa

Universidade Nova de Lisboa:

Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas

Departamento de Antropologia, Centro de Documentação

Avenida da Berna, 24 - Lisboa

Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas

Departamento de Geografia e Planeamento Regional, Biblioteca

Avenida da Berna, 24 - Lisboa

Universidade "Lusófona" de Humanidades e Tecnologias

Biblioteca, Largo de Sequeira, 7 - Lisboa

Universidade Técnica de Lisboa:

Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISAG), Biblioteca central

Tapada da Ajuda - Lisboa

Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas (ISCSP)

Biblioteca e Documentação, Rua da Junqueira, 86 - Lisboa

Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão (ISEG)

Centro de Estudos sobre Africa e do Desenvolvimento

Rua Miguel Lupi, 20 - Lisboa

Instituto Superior de Ciências de Trabalho e da Empresa (ISCTE)

Centro de Estudos Africanos, Avenida Forças Armadas - Lisboa

Research and other institutions

Instituto de Investigação Científica Tropical

Centro de Documentação e Informação, Rua de Jau, 47 - Lisboa

Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian

Serviço de Bibliotecas e Apoio á Leitura, Leitura, Avenida da Berna 56 -

.Lisboa

Ministério da Agricultura

Serviço de Informação Praça do Comércio - Lisboa

Museu Nacional de Etnologia

Biblioteca, Avenida Ilha da Madeira - Lisboa

Sociedade de Geografia de Lisboa

Biblioteca, Rua das Portas de São Antão, 100 - Lisboa

Comments on the broader body of consulted literature

As part of the process of identification of appropriate sources of bibliographic information, and during the search for references for inclusion in this Bibliography, a vast body of literature on agriculture and rural development, and on the rural setting in the PALOPs in general, had to be examined. An assessment of some characteristics of the part of that literature which was not selected to enter this Bibliography is given below.

· The majority of texts are geared to cultural (i.e., ethnological, linguistic, artistic) and to political (international relations, government ideology, administration, etc.) than to the economic, social, or technological issues;

· In texts on economic issues, the macro-themes and sectoral approaches dominate over micro-level strategic or practical issues in food security and agricultural production, even when the smallholder sector is referred to;

· There are no periodicals or other publications which would systematically cover, or focus exclusively on, the situation and policy issues in the social sphere of agricultural production, food security and rural development at the micro-level (i.e., family household, local community);

· In documents on planned and realized programmes and projects in food production and rural development, etc., distinctions among beneficiaries most often do not go beyond "farmers", or "families";

· Almost as a rule, books on household and national food security and agricultural development are full of photo-illustrations of women-farmers and women-managers of family resources. However, the word "woman" virtually never appears in these texts. Rural women (i.e., their specific problems) remain hidden under terms such as farmers, villagers, co-operative members, domestic groups, family producers, family members, farm workers, agricultural labour, the young, the old, project beneficiaries, rural population, etc.

On the other side, the bibliographic search has identified an important amount of references in which linkages between the roles of women, population dynamics and rural development in the PALOPs are explicitly presented and are well elaborated. The Bibliography presented in the next section is a proof to that effect. (An assessment of its content is given in Conclusions and Recommendations.)