RAP Publication 1995/13
Proceedings of a Regional Expert Consultation
28 November - 2 December 1994
FAO/RAP, Bangkok
edited by
Patrick B. Durst
Ann Bishop
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (RAP)
Bangkok 1995
The designation and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaires.
The opinion expressed in this publication are those of the authors alone and do not imply any opinion whatsoever on the part of FAO.
Photo credits: Mr. M.Kashio, Mr. P.B.Durst, Dr. Narong Chomchalaow
Cover photo: Women selling cutch, extracted from Acacia catechu, Myanmar
Layout and design: Umer Khan
For copies write to:
Regional Forestry Office
FAO Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
39 Phra Atit Road
Bangkok 10200 Thailand
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
Fruits of the forest: Beyond timber
Regional expert consultation on non-wood forest products: Social, economic and cultural dimensions
Introduction
Background
The country papers
Further background information
Matters of moment
Conclusion
References
Involving local people in the management and harvesting of non-wood forest products
Introduction
NWFPS in overall context
Community-based forest management: emerging responses
Recognition strategy
Equitable bargaining
Community forest leases
Mapping
Information dissemination
Informed consent
Notice
Community and legal personalities
Third parties
Negotiations and benefit sharing
Conclusion
ReferencesParticipatory management and gender issues in non-wood forest products development
Introduction
Gender, equity and participation
Participation in practice
FAO approaches
ReferencesRattan: A source of employment for upland communities of Northeastern Luzon
Traditional use of non-wood forest products in Ayurvedic medicine in Sri Lanka
Background
Development of ecotourism in Fiji
Ecotourism as a tool for long-term forest conservation
Case study: Bouma forest park
Conclusion
Recommendations
Introduction
Legislation, orders and rules regulating NWFPS
Importance of non-wood forest products
Constraints in NWFP product development
General recommendations for long-term activities
Organizations involved in the development of NWFPS in Bhutan
Income and employment from non-wood forest products: What do we know?
Introduction
Some conceptual issues
Where do non-wood forest products belong?
What do we know?
Conclusion
References
Introduction
Marketing of NWFPS: Following the marketing channel
Policies and regulations
ReferencesInternational trade in non-wood forest products in the Asia-Pacific region
Benefits and risks of commercialising NWFPs: The case of ngalinuts in the Solomon Islands
Introduction
Commercialisation of ngalinuts in the Solomon Islands
Ngalinuts in Solomon Islands society
Benefits of commercialising ngalinuts
Risks of commercialising ngalinut
Considerations for commercialising ngalinutsPresent conditions and prospects for the development of the bamboo plywood industry in China
Current state of the Chinese bamboo plywood industry
Main uses of bamboo plywood
Problems in bamboo plywood production
Development prospects of China's bamboo plywood industry
Conclusion
Introduction
Status of aromatic and medicinal plants in Nepal
Scope of the medicinal and aromatic plant industry in Nepal
Aromatic and medicinal plants for poverty alleviation
Value of production
Market structure
Constraints and strategies
Recommendations
References
Advantages of lac cultivation
Lac development over the past 30 years
Lac processing and marketing in Vietnam
Causes of the decrease in lac production
Projects promoting lac production in Vietnam
Conclusions and recommendations
Importance and uses of rattan
Rattan collection
Rattan marketing by villagers
Rattan processing and manufacturing industry
Contribution to the local and national economy
Commercial cultivation
Prospects for future development
Recommendations for Rattan development
Conclusion
References
Historical development of NWFPS
Current status of NWFPS
Conclusion
References
Introduction
Eucalyptus oil production
Results of research studies
Conclusions
ReferencesNon-wood forest products from the mangrove forests of Bangladesh
Golpatta
Hantal
Honey and beeswax
Hogla
Fish, prawn and shells
Miscellaneous NWFPS
Tourism in the Sundarbans
Introduction
Rattan
Bamboo
Use
Gums and resins
Medicinal plants and spices
Edible products
Insect products
Agarwood
Barks
Natural dyes
Conclusions and recommendations
ReferencesNon-wood forest products in Lao People's Democratic Republic
Introduction
NWFPS in national policy and practice
Conclusion
The role of non-wood forest products in Myanmar
Discussion and conclusion
A cultural approach to natural resource management: A case study from Eastern Nepal
Introduction
Cultural approaches and methodologies
A case study in Eastern Nepal
Indigenous knowledge: perceptions of the environment
The origin myth
Classification of natural resources
Ritual and decision making
Local organisations and cultural revival
Conclusions
ReferencesAmerican Indian cultural perspectives on non- wood forest products in North America
Background
American Indian philosophy toward nature
Indians' relationship with forests
ConclusionSocial, economic and cultural dimensions of medicinal plants in Indonesia
Introduction
History of utilization
Government policy
Social and economic aspects
Cultural aspects
Problems and prospects
ReferencesForest niches: Sustainable livelihood for upland dwellers with emphasis on food processing
Introduction
The food processing niche
Impacts of food processing
ConclusionsCollection, utilization and marketing of medicinal plants from the forests of India
Introduction
Exploitation of NWFPS
Marketing rights
Income and employment generation from NWFPS
Trade flows and international trade of NWFPS
Prospects for future development of NWFPS
Recommendations for developing NWFPS
ReferencesImportance of NWFPS to forest-dependent communities in Nagtipunan, Quirino, Philippines
Introduction
Forest resources
Community profile
Socio-cultural dimensions of NWFPS
Forest management planning and NWFPS
Conclusions and recommendationsUse of non-wood forest products by village communities in Sri Lanka
Introduction
Non-wood forest products
Present status of collection and utilization of non-wood forest products
Patterns of NWFP collection
Major issues and recommendations related to development of NWFPS
References
FAO activities in support of NWFP development
Past FAO activities in support of NWFP development
Current and future activitiesThe international network for bamboo and rattan
Introduction
History of INBAR
Network organization
Socio-economic research
ConclusionAsian network on medicinal and aromatic plants (ANMAP)
Introduction
Objectives
Activities
Operation
Membership
Recent activities
Proposed activitiesCollaborative development-oriented research on conservation of rattan biodiversity in Malaysia
Project background
Collaborative arrangement
Future institutional arrangementsIntroduction
BCN goals
Grants
Project selection
Project portfolioThe centre of minor forest products' role in supporting NWFP development
Centre of minor forest products
Objectives
Publications
Other activities
Objectives
Consultation results
Major issues identified
Risks of NWFP development
Recommendations