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Sender Institution: |
Agricultural Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center P.O. Box 90000, 31900 Haifa - Israel |
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Title: |
"High intensification of almond production: a) New cultivars and rootstocks trials; b) New training systems; c) Fertirrigation and utilization of recycled water". |
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Project leader: |
ASSAF R. |
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Participants: |
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Funding institution: |
State of Israel. Ministry of Agriculture and Regional Development Almond Producers Organisation |
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Starting year: |
1994 |
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Duration: |
10 years |
Project objectives:
1) To get high economic almond orchards, using large available areas and water
2) To get high yields using new cultivars and rootstocks
3) To export high quality almonds and replace 6000 t of imported fruit.
Project summary:
The area of almond orchards in Israel is 2500 ha, which produces 1800 t. We need 10,000 t for local use and market. The average yield is 500 kg/he, 2 t/ha in California on high fertile soils. The nut quality of our local cultivars like Um el Fahem is very high. The price we get now is 4.5 $/kg, in 1993 it was 2 $/kg. The use of almond seedling as rootstock (our selection) is limited in yield and does not benefit from intensification of more fertilization and more water. The GF 677 rootstocks excelled in our trials with 140% more yield, double large trees of high rusticity in our hot climate and saline soils.
We hope to get high yields of high quality nuts by using the new peach × almond rootstocks, new autofertile and new high intensification in the orchard (high fertilisation with more water). The new almond orchard performance will allow new large-scale planting in Israel. We also hope to get a high economic almond culture with the use of less pesticide because of the late-flowering cultivars.
Related publications
(Please add further sheets if needed)
ANGIBOUST A., 1990. Les port-greffes de l'amandier. Arboric. Fruit. 37 (428): 25-27.
ANON 1995. Almond situation and outlook. World Horticultural Trade & U.S. Export Opportunities, October: 20-24.
ASSAF R., 1985. L'irrigation et la fertirrigation du pommier en Israel. Arboric. Fruit. 32 (371): 45 53
ASSAF R., 1992. Germplasm of fruit trees in Israel - collecting, evaluation and reservation. ARO, Neve Ya'ar Research Center, Pomology Dept. Report (in Hebrew).
ASSAF R., 1996. Studies on shoot growth of different fruit species. Ed. J. Agric. Trop. Bot. Appl., Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle 57, Rue Cuvier, Paris 5.
ASSAF R., and Barak b., 1982. Advanced report on local almond cultivars in Israel. ARO, Neve Ya'ar Research Center Report (in Hebrew).
ASSAF R., et al. 1996. Rootstocks for almond in hot climate of Israel. Alon Hanotea (in press, in Hebrew).
BERNHARD R., 1949. Le pêcher × amandier et son utilisation. Rev. Hortic. (Paris) 121 (2154): 97 101.
BERNHARD R., 1962. Les hybrides prunierx amandier et prunier × pêcher, principales caracteristiques, comportement comme porte-greffe éventuele du pêcher. In: Advances in Horticultural Science and Their Applications (Ed. J. - C. Garnaud), Vol. II. pp 74-86
BERNHARD R., and GRASSELLY Ch., 1981. Les pêchers × amandier. Arboric. Fruit. 28 (328): 37-42.
CAMBRA R., and ITURRIOZ M., 1986. Caractéres discriptivos del patro hibrido almendro × melocotonero Adafuel (Prunus Amygdalo-persica (West) Redh.) An. Aula Dci. 18 (1-2): 65-76
CUMMINGS J. N. and ALDWINCKLE H.A., 1988. New directions in rootstock breeding: Introduction to the symposium. HortScience 23 (1): 100-101
FELIPE A.J., 1989. Patrones para frutales de pepita Y hueso. Ed. Tecnicas Europeas, S.A. Gran Via de les Corts. Catalanes, 617, Barcelona, Espana.
FELIPE A.J., 1989. Rootstocks for almond. Present situation. Options Mediterr. - Serie Seminaires 5: 13 - 17
FELIPE A.J., BLASCO A.B., and GELLA R., 1988. "Montizo" un clone selecto de "polizo de Murcia". Actas del III Congreso la SECH.
FELIPE A.J. and SOCIAS I COMPANY R., 1987. Ayles, Guara, and Moncayo almonds. HortScience 22 (5): 961-962.
GALL H., 1974. Comportement des variétés d'amandier greffées sur amandier, pêcher × amandier dans les conditions de culture francaise. I Reunion del GREMPA, Zaragoza.
GODINI A., 1979. Ipotesi sulla comparsa dell'autocompatibilita nel mandorlo. Riv. Sci. Tecn. agrar. 19 (2/3): 3-10.
GRASSELLY Ch., 1966. L'amélioration des variétés d'amandier (Prunus amygdalus L. Batsch.) greffé sur divers pruniers. Ann. Amélio. Plantes 19 (3): 265-276.
GRASSELLY Ch., 1984. Réflexions diverges sur l'évolution des objectifs d'amélioration de l'amandier. Options Mediterr. CIHEAM/IAMZ 84/II: 146-150.
GRASSELLY Ch., 1991. Amandier, les variétés autocompatibles. Arboric. Fruit. 38 (443): 21 -27.
GRASSELLY Ch., and CROSSA-RAYNAUD P., 1980. L'Amandier. Maisonneuve et Larose, Paris: 257-276.
GRASSELLY Ch., GALL H., and OLIVIER G., 1973. Quelques observations sur les nouvelles variétés d'amandier sélectionnées aux Etats-Unis. INRA, Bull. Tech. Inf. 279: 321-331.
GRASSELLY C., OLIVIER G., 1987. Les hybrides Myrobolan × Amandier: nouveaux porte-greffes possibles pour l'amandier, 99-109. In Grassely ed. 7 Colloque du GREMPA, Reus (Tarragone) Esp. 17/19 Juin 1987, Luxembourg, 1988: 382.
GRASSELLY Ch., OLIVIER G., 1989. Possibilités d'amélioration des porte-greffes de l'amandier par hybridation interspecifique. Options Mediterr. - Serie Seminaires 5: 47-49.
KESTER D.E., ASAY R.N. and MICKE W.C., 1984. Solano, Sonora, and Padrè almonds. HortScience 19 (1): 138-139.
KESTER D.E., ASAY R.N., 1986. "Hansen 2168" and "Hansen 536": two new prunus rootstocks clones. HortScience 21 (2): 331.
LIN A., and SZTEYNBERG A., 1993. Control of the almond disease Polystigma ochraceum by urea treatments. Alon Hanotea 47 (1): 15-21
LIN A., 1995. Integrated control of Anarsia lineatella different aphyds like Brachicaudus amygdalinus, Hyalopterus pruni etc. Alno Hanotea 49 (12): 554-558 (in Hebrew)
MONASTRA F., G. DELLA STRADA, 1974. I portinnesti del mandorlo. "Frutticoltura", n.5.
MONASTRA F., DELLA STRADA G., FIDEGHELLI C., and QUARTA R., 1988. Supernova, une nouvelle variété d'amandier obtenue par mutagenese. 7eme Colloque GREMPA. Rapport EUR 11557: 3-7
OLIVIER G., GRASSELY G., 1987. Amélioration des semis d'amandier porte-greffes. Etat d'avancement des travaux. 11-115. In Grassely ed. 7 Colloque du GREMPA, Reus (Tarragone) Esp. 17/19 Juin 1987, Luxembourg, 1988: 382
REINA A., GIORGIO V., GODINI A., 1986. Cultivar autocompatibili nella popolazione pugliese di mandorlo. Frutticoltura, (12), 1986: 61-63.
SPIEGEL - ROY P., STRUM M. et al. 1987. New crosses of almond in Kibbutz Saad. Alon Hanotea 41 (6): 551-554 (in Hebrew).
