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| 1. |
Training Guide: Gender and Climate Change Research in agriculture and food security for rural development |
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| Both women and men play a significant role in safeguarding food security, and their respective roles and responsibilities need to be well understood to ensure that men and women benefit equally from climate-smart agriculture practices. Little research, however, has been undertaken to understand how men and women are adapting to climate change, mitigating emissions and maintaining food security.
As one of many steps toward (...) |
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2012
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| 2. |
Gender differentiated asset dynamics in Northern Nigeria |
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| This paper examines gender differentiated asset dynamics over a 20 year period (1988-2008) in Northern Nigeria. The paper first examines the state of the literature on poverty dynamics, especially with respect to gender differences and agriculture. We then present new evidence to investigate whether there has been a catch-up effect for women in agricultural households who had initially low assets in 1988 and whether asset (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-06 ]
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2011
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| 3. |
Gender and agricultural value chains |
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| This paper introduces value chain analysis and development as tools for addressing gender inequities in markets. We describe how factors such as access to assets, gendered education differentials and the nature and value of economic activities affect the way in which men and women participate and gain in value chains, distinguishing among household, institutional and chain levels of analysis. We conclude that the universal (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-05 ]
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2011
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| 4. |
Gender inequalities in rural labour markets |
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| Rural employment is key to poverty reduction. This paper explores the gender differences in rural employment and how gender inequalities hinder the achievement of food security and the reduction in poverty. Using the ILO’s decent work framework, the interactions between economic, social and institutional factors which determine observed gender inequalities in labour market and decent work outcomes are explored. The paper (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-03 ]
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2011
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| 5. |
Mainstreaming gender sensitivity in cash crop market supply chains |
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| This paper considers the impact of gender specific constraints on the production and marketing of cash crops. Cash crop production differs from general agricultural production in that it entails engaging in output markets to make sales. This in turn requires reliable access to these markets, and has implications on the necessary scale and quality of production. Assessing the nature of female involvement in cash crop (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-08 ]
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2011
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| 6. |
Searching for new pathways towards achieving gender equity |
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| Ester Boserup’s book Women’s role in economic development marked an important step in understanding the position of women in developing economies. Her book, along with the work of feminists writing at the same time, marked the start of a range of activities, such as projects focused on women, that aimed at removing the economic exclusion of women. These activities were named Women in Development. These activities came to be (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-09 ]
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2011
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| 7. |
Intra-household bargaining, gender roles in agriculture and how to promote welfare enhancing changes |
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| This paper investigates the meaning of female empowerment and presents the argument why empowerment is needed. Empowerment is treated as a process which does not stop with empowerment per se, but also looks at what is eventually done with the increased agency. The paper finds that women are generally more constrained than men with regard to access to productive resources such as land, credit or information. Women also face (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-10 ]
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2011
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A review of empirical evidence on gender differences in non-land agricultural inputs, technology, and services in developing countries |
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| This paper reviews existing microeconomic empirical literature on gender differences in use, access, and adoption of non-land agricultural inputs in developing countries. This review focuses on four key areas: (1) technological resources, (2) natural resources, (3) human resources, and (4) social and political capital. In general, there has been more empirical research on inorganic fertilizer, seed varieties, extension (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-11 ]
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2011
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| 9. |
Gender differences in assets |
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| Agriculture can be an important engine of growth and poverty reduction. But the sector is underperforming in many countries in part because women, who are often a crucial resource in agriculture and the rural economy, face constraints that reduce their productivity. In this paper we document the gender gap in access to and ownership of most inputs, asset and services important for agricultural activities. We focus in (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-12 ]
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2011
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| 10. |
Gender inequality, risk and vulnerability in the rural economy |
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| Smallholder farmers and poor rural households are vulnerable to both economic and social shocks which hamper their participation in agricultural activities. Well-designed social protection programmes can help to reduce both the risk and vulnerability by building resilience to shocks and stresses. Although the gender-specific challenges of women’s largely unequal involvement in agricultural activities are generally (...) |
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ESA Working Paper
[ 11-13 ]
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2011
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| 11. |
Mainstreaming gender into project cycle management in the fisheries sector. Field manual |
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| Although the fisheries sector has long been considered a male domain, the involvement and contribution of women is far more significant than often assumed. To date, there is relatively little guidance or specific recommendations on how to effectively address gender in the context of small-scale fisheries development. FAO fully acknowledges the importance of addressing gender issues in development projects as a way to promote (...) |
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RAP Publication
[ 2011/15 ]
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2011
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| 12. |
Communicating Gender For Rural Development - Integrating gender in communication for development |
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| In rural and agricultural development projects, ‘communication for development’ and ‘gender’ approaches
are key to ensuring that food security, poverty and gender objectives are met sustainably.
These two approaches are based on common values, namely the active and equal participation of all stakeholders,
both men and women, and the empowerment of populations, particularly the most disadvantaged.
They are in no way (...) |
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2011
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| 13. |
Gender and Land Rights |
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| Increasing women’s access to land is crucial to fight hunger and poverty. However, gender disparities in land access remain significant in most countries, regardless of their level of development. A new FAO database helps to understand the factors that prevent women from accessing land; and to design better policies to effectively address this situation. |
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ES Policy Briefs Economic and Social Perspectives
[ 8 ]
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2010
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| 14. |
Gender dimensions of agricultural and rural employment: Differentiated pathways out of poverty |
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| 15. |
Addressing HIV and Gender Inequities through Agriculture |
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| The overwhelming majority of people living with HIV and dying of AIDS are the rural poor of developing
countries, and among them women figure disproportionately. This is particularly true in Eastern and
Central Africa where the cumulative impact of many years of political crises, conflicts and displacements
have disrupted the livelihoods of local populations. Breaking the inter-generational transfer of
indigenous knowledge (...) |
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2010
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| 16. |
National Gender Profile of Agricultural Households, 2010: Report based on the 2006 Rural, Agriculture, and Fishery Census - Vietnam |
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| 17. |
National Gender Profile of Agricultural Households, 2010: Report based on the 2008 Cambodia Socio-Economic Survey |
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| 18. |
National Gender Profile of Agricultural Households, 2010: Report based on the Lao Expenditure and Consumption Surveys, National Agricultural Census and the National Population Census |
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| 19. |
Agri-Gender Database: A statistical toolkit for the production of sex-disaggregated agricultural data |
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| 20. |
Does gender make a difference in dealing with climate shifts? |
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| 21. |
Gender and Nutrition |
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| Women are in a unique position to reduce malnutrition,
one of the largest threats to public health in the world |
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2010
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| 22. |
UN JOINT PROGRAMMES - Integrating gender issues in food security, agriculture and rural development |
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| These guidelines provide practical guidance to support programme and operations staff in UN Country Teams to integrate gender e quality concerns into Joint Programmes (JP) for food security, agriculture and rural development.
The guidelines outline oppor tunities to incorporate gender into both the JP process (formulation, implementation and monitoring and evaluation) and project document. They include a general gender (...) |
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2010
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| 23. |
COUNTRY PROGRAMMING FRAMEWORK - Integrating gender issues |
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| These guidelines provide practical guidance to support FAO representatives and officers from headquar ters and decentralized of fices in integrating gender equality concerns into the Country Programming Framework (CPF).
The guidelines include a general gender equality checklist for CPF preparation, as well as separate thematic guidance to mainstream gender in FAO’s mandate areas. A list of useful resources is also provided. |
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2010
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| 24. |
Gender and Rural Employment Policy: Differentiated pathways out of poverty |
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| Rural employment is currently the subject of considerable discussion in international policy circles, particularly in the context of the global financial and food crises, as it could play a very powerful role in reducing poverty worldwide, thereby contributing to meet the Millennium Development Goals. |
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General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean
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2010
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| 25. |
Women and Rural Employment: Fighting Poverty by Redefining Gender Roles |
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| About three quarters of the world’s poor live in rural areas. Among those, women constitute a particularly vulnerable, yet crucially important group for social and economic development. Investing in rural women is thus not only a moral imperative; it can also be a promising strategy to effectively fight poverty and hunger. |
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ES Policy Briefs Economic and Social Perspectives
[ 5 ]
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2009
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