Agriculture and food industry sectors have a major importance for the Moldovan economy. The Republic of Moldova has one of the highest share of rural population among the countries in Europe and Central Asia, and its agriculture sector significantly contributes to the country’s gross domestic product. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is committed to supporting the Republic of Moldova in its efforts to increase agricultural productivity and capacity, to boost economic growth and to create additional income sources for farmers and rural families. FAO and major donors contribute to the development of agriculture value chains. The existing studies usually focus on selected value chains, and there are fewer sources that reveal countrywide value chain development status and assess the environment for doing business for farmers. The goal of this study is to try to consolidate the information on countrywide value chain development gathered from various open sources and based on materials developed in one field mission by FAO officers with an emphasis on the plum and berry value chains. The authors did not aim at close examination of the selected value chains; rather, this paper is a general overview that will be a reference point for future field work in the country. The recommendations provided in the report will assist the FAO country office in the Republic of Moldova in decision-making and will inform other development organisations operating in the country about major value chain development activities.