Distributed ledger technology (DLT)/blockchain is an exciting new technology that may prove to be a radical innovation. Similar to the steam engine and the Internet, which triggered previous industrial revolutions, blockchain has the power to revolutionize existing economic and business models. It has the potential to deliver productivity gains to multiple industries, including the financial sector, energy markets, supply chains, intellectual property management, “virtual firms”, the public sector and beyond. Its ability to provide disintermediation, improve transparency and increase auditability can significantly reduce transaction costs, introduce efficiency into existing value chains, challenge revenue models and open new markets. In short, a blockchain is a database which is shared across a network of computers. One can add to it but not change previous data within it. The network runs constant checks to ensure the authenticity of the database. While the most noted use of blockchain is in the cryptocurrency bitcoin, its application is now used for many other collaborations. It is a foundational technology of a platform that allows designing a secure way to record transactions and circulate it among signatories, or any kind of target group with an Internet connection. At its core, it is an extremely democratic ledger that cannot be arbitrarily manipulated and easily shareable. For agriculture in poor countries, blockchain has the potential to improve financial management, provenance, traceability and transparency in food chains and to enable the creation of new markets and products.