These report analyses trends regarding farms specialized in olive oil production over the period 2000-2010. It analyses structures, costs of production, margins and income indicators. The objective is to identify the characteristics of farms in economic difficulty and those in a better situation. The main source for this report is the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) database, complemented by Eurostat data and information obtained from national authorities. It covers the three main producers: Spain, Italy and Greece. The specialized farms used for the analysis represent 53% of the total EU-27 olive grove area and 73% of the total olive oil production. In Spain, farms with very large areas of olive groves may not be well represented because they are often not specialized enough in olive production (i.e. where it represents less than half of their total output). On the other hand, small to medium-size farms are slightly over-represented. The farms are classified according to the type of product they deliver: olives for oil, olive oil, or a mix of both. According to FADN data, in Spain there are mainly olive producers, in Greece, olive oil producers and in Italy, both and as well mixed producers. Olive oil farms in Spain are on average bigger and have higher labor productivity than elsewhere. They produce olives processed by other operators. In Italy, some producers grow olives for oil, some process their own olive oil, and others do both. Prices for olives and oil are on average significantly higher in Italy than elsewhere. Costs are higher too, but to a lesser extent. In Greece, family labour is a major input, and farms are very small. A high proportion of producers are on family farms with a relatively low degree of professionalization.