FAOLEX Database

Sudan - Aqualex Profiles

Framework Law

The main law applicable to water resources management, which covers all of the following areas: administration; management, conservation and use of freshwater resources; water rights; waterworks; water supply
No legislation available

Constitutional provisions

No constitutional provisions available

Agriculture

Water used for irrigation, forestry and aquaculture
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Regulation of the Water Users' Associations of 2006 under the Gezira Scheme Act.
Date of text: 20 April 2006

Water Supply and Sanitation

Provision of water services by public utilities or commercial organizations; water supply for domestic, industrial or other purposes; right to safe and clean drinking water and basic sanitation; quality of piped water; sewerage
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Environment Health Act No. 1 of 2009.
Date of text: 17 February 2009

Governance

The political, social, economic and administrative systems that govern water management and conservation; good practices; good governance; decentralization; water user’s associations
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Ordinance of the Council of Ministers No. 3 of 2007 establishing the General Authority for Water.
Date of text: 25 February 2007
Agreement between the Republic of the Sudan and the United Arab Republic for the full utilization of the Nile waters, signed at Cairo, 8 November 1959.
Date of text: 08 November 1959

Infrastructure

Waterworks; water supply systems; dams; hydropower systems; irrigation systems
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Regulation of the Water Users' Associations of 2006 under the Gezira Scheme Act.
Date of text: 20 April 2006
Agreement between the Republic of the Sudan and the United Arab Republic for the full utilization of the Nile waters, signed at Cairo, 8 November 1959.
Date of text: 08 November 1959

Water Resources Management and Water Rights

Ownership and control of water resources; abstraction and diversion of water; allocation and quotas; riparian rights; priority of rights; free water use
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Regulation of the Water Users' Associations of 2006 under the Gezira Scheme Act.
Date of text: 20 April 2006

Water and Environment

Water in environmentally-sensitive areas; ‘water demand’ by ecosystems; protection forests; water conservation zones; environmental impact assessment
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Forests and Renewable Natural Resources Act for the year 2002 (Act No.11 of 2002).
Date of text: 06 November 2002

Water Quality and Pollution Control

Control of pollution and quality of freshwater bodies and groundwater; agricultural point and non-point sources of pollution; water quality standards
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Rangelands and Forages Resources Development (Rationalization) Act of 2015.
Date of text: 04 March 2015

Groundwater

Freshwater resources located below the surface of the earth; aquifers; groundwater abstraction; well-sinking; boreholes; hydrogeology
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Irrigation and Drainage Act of 1990.
Date of text: 28 May 1990
Agreement 1 between Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan concerning the monitoring and exchange of information related to the groundwater of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System.
Date of text: 05 October 2000

Disaster Resilience

Water-related hazards; flood; drought; water shortage; adaptation to climate change; early warning system/emergency intervention system
Water Resources Act of 1995.
Date of text: 22 July 1995
Agreement 1 between Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan concerning the monitoring and exchange of information related to the groundwater of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System.
Date of text: 05 October 2000
Law of 2004 for the National Fund to ward off the effects of agricultural risk and support agricultural insurance.
Date of text: 13 January 2004

Transboundary Waters

Transboundary effects; international basin institutions; international agreements; transboundary coordination; transboundary aquifers
Declaration of boundaries of Southern Kordofan State (Presidential Decree No. 21 of 2005).
Date of text: 16 August 2005
Agreement 1 between Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan concerning the monitoring and exchange of information related to the groundwater of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System.
Date of text: 05 October 2000
Agreement No. 2 between Chad, Egypt, Libya and Sudan for Monitoring and Sharing Data for the sustainable development and proper management of the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer System.
Date of text: 05 October 2000

Policies

National Adaptation Plan 2016.
Date of text: 01 July 2016
National Action Plan for the implementation of the Great Green Wall for the Sahel and Sahara Initiative (GGWSSI).
Date of text: 01 September 2015
Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) of Republic of Sudan of 2015.
Date of text: 13 December 2019
Interim Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper.
Date of text: 13 December 2019
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Sector National Strategic Plan (2012 – 2016).
Date of text: 01 December 2011
Agriculture and Articulate a Future Vision and Action Plan for Agricultural Revival.
Date of text: 13 December 2019
Five-year Health Sector Strategy: Investing in Health and Achieving the MDGs 2007-2011.
Date of text: 13 December 2019
National Adaptation Programme of Action
Date of text: 13 December 2019
National Health Policy, 2007.
Date of text: 13 December 2019

Main basins

Barka (Inland basin)
Wadi Howar (Inland basin)
Wadi Karora (Inland basin)
Lotagipi (Swamps)
Rudolph Lake
Gash
Turkana Lake/Rudolf lake
Omo-Gibe
Lake Chad