Portal Terminológico de la FAO

Pesca

Creado originariamente en 2001, el Glosario de pesca de la FAO se ha actualizado conjuntamente por el Departamento de Pesca y Acuicultura y el Servicio de Programación y Documentación de Reuniones. Esta actualización deriva de la necesidad de hacer que el glosario sea parte  integral del Portal terminológico de la FAO y gracias a ello, se han obtenido características adicionales y se han añadido equivalentes lingüísticos y definiciones alternativas para los términos ya presentes en el Portal terminológico de la FAO. El Glosario de pesca de la FAO consta de unos 1580 términos y definiciones, agrupados por áreas temáticas. Más equivalentes en los idiomas se están elaborando actualmente.

Todas las definiciones del glosario tienen sus respectivas “fuentes de los términos”, que indican el autor y el ámbito en el que se usan. Los términos son proporcionados por la FAO, así como por otras instituciones que colaboran con la FAO. La FAO es el editor de todos los términos y sus funcionarios se encargan de mantener y actualizar las definiciones en su propia área de especialización, en colaboración con los autores.

Este glosario pretende facilitar la comprensión y la comunicación en el contexto del objetivo a largo plazo de la FAO de alcanzar la gestión sostenible así como el uso de los recursos de la pesca y la acuicultura, fomentando la cooperación internacional en dichos campos.

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Abreviaturas y acrónimos

Abreviaturas y acrónimos

Abreviaturas y acrónimos

Ab

Antibody

K

Coefficient of permeability (soil)

ABC

Acid-binding capacity

K

Condition factor (metric units)

AFNOR

French Standards Institute

K

Potassium

ASTM

American Society for Testing Materials

L/C

Letter of credit

BOD

Biochemical oxygen demand

LH

Luteinizing hormone

BSI

British Standards Institute

LH-RH

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone

BV

Biological value of protein

LH-RHa

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue

C

Condition factor (anglo-saxon units)

LIS

Land Information Systems

C

Centigrades

LWMOST

Low water mark for ordinary spring tides

C

Carbon

MAP

Modified atmosphere packing

C:N ratio

Carbon/nitrogen ratio (composting)

ME

Metabolizable energy

Ca

Calcium

MSL

Mean sea level

CaO

Quicklime

MSY

Maximum sustainable yield

CAP

Controlled atmosphere packing

MWL

Mean water level

CBA

Cost-benefit analysis

n

Coefficient of roughness (hydraulics)

CBD

Convention on Biological Diversity

N

Nitrogen

CCP

Critical Control Point

n, 2n, 3n

Number of c hromosome sets in cells

CCRF

Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries

NASA

National Aeronautical and Space Administration ( USA )

CIF

Cost, insurance and freight

Nb

Effective breeding efficiency

CI

Chlorinity

NDP

Net domestic product

COD

Chemical oxygen demand

Ne

Effective breeding number

CPI

Consumer Price In dex

NGO

Non-governmental organization

CPR

Common property resource

NNP

Net National Product

CZM

Coastal zone management

NOD

Nitrogenous oxygen demand

DC

Apparent digestibility coefficient

NPU

(Apparent) net protein utilization

DE

Apparent digestible energy

NPV

Net present value

DIN

German Standards Institute

O

Oxygen

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

OECD

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development

DO

Dissolved oxygen

P

Phosphorus

DSP

Diarrheic shellfish poisoning

P

Parental generation in a breeding programme

E

Hanging ratio (fishing net)

PCR

Polymerase chain reaction

EAA

Essential amino acid

PER

Protein efficiency ratio

EFA

Essential fatty acid

PET

Potential evapotranspiration

EIA

Environmental Impact Assessment

pH

Hydrogen potential

EQS

Environmental quality standards

PL

Postlarva (crustaceans)

F

Coefficient of inbreeding

PO

Purchase order

F1, F2, F3

First, second, generation produced during a breeding programme

PPI

Producer Price Index

FC

Feed conversion

PPP US$

Purchasing Power Parity (in US$)

FCE

Feed conversion efficiency

PRA

Participatory rural appraisal

FCEs

Specific feed conversion efficiency

PSP

Paralytic shellfish poisoning

FCR

Feed conversion ratio

PUFA

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

FER

Feed efficiency ratio

PVC

Polyvinylchloride

FTB

Floating-type breakwater

QTLs

Quantitative traits loci

g

Instantaneous growth rate

RAPD

Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA

G

Specific growth rate

RD

Reference diet

GDI

Gender-related Development In dex

RNA

Ribonucleic acid

GDP

Gross Domestic Product

RNAvirus

Ribovirus

GEM

Gender empowerment

RPI

Retail price index

GIS

Geographical information systems

RRA

Rapid rural appraisal

GMO

Genetically Modified Organism

RS

Remote sensing

GNP

Gross national product

S

Salinity

GnRH

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

SBV

Methyl-orange alkalinity

GnRHa

Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue

SCP

Single-cell proteins

GPS

Global positioning system

SGR

Specific growth rate

GRR

Relative growth rate

SIA

Social Impact Assessment

GSI

Gonado-somatic index

SPS Agreement

Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

GtH

Gonadotropin (hormone)

SRD

Standard reference diet

H

Hydrogen

SWB

Small water body

HACCP

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points

T&V system

Training-and-visit system (extension)

HDI

Human Development In dex

TBT Agreement

Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

HDPE

High density polyethylene

TDC

True digestion coefficient

HPI-1

Human Poverty In dex for developing countries

TDH

Total dynamic head

HPI-2

Human Poverty In dex for selected OECD countries

TDS

Total dissolved solids

HUFA

Highly unsaturated fatty acids

TOR

Terms of reference

HWMOST

High water mark for ordinary spring tides

USDA

United States Department of Agriculture

IAA

Integrated agriculture-aquaculture

UV

Ultraviolet radiation

ICAM

Integrated Coastal Area Management

VA

Additive genetic variance

ICID

International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage

VD

Dominance genetic variance

ICM

Integrated Coastal Management

VE

Environmental variance

ICZM

Integrated coastal zone management

VG

Genetic variance

IIA

Integrated irrigation-aquaculture

VI

Epistasis genetic variance

IPM

Integrated pest management

VP

Phenotypic variance

IRA

Import risk analysis

WPI

Wholesale Price In dex

Unidades de medida

Unidades de medida

Unidades de medida

ºC Degree Celsius

l Litre

ºF Degree Fahrenheit

m3 Cubic metre = 1 000 litres

nm Nanometre = 10-6 mm

mg Milligram

µm Micrometre = 10-3 mm

g Gram

mm Millimetre

kg Kilogram

cm Centimetre

t Metric tonne = 1 000 kg

m Metre

h Hour

km Kilometre

yr Year

m2 Square metre

ppt Parts per thousand

ha Hectare = 10 000 m2

ppm Parts per million