Table 6. Some commonly used protein sources for formulation of feeds for marine fish
					Amino acids (g/16 g N)
	Protein, %	Fat, %	Ash, %	P, %	Arg	His	Ile	Leu	Lys	Met	Cys	Phe	Tyr	Thr	Trp	Val
Marine
Fish meals (avg)	70	8�10	10�12	2.1	5.8	2.1	4.5	7.7	6.8	2.8	0.8	4.7	2.6	3.9	0.9	5.3
Fish meals sd				0.3	0.5	0.6	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.2	1.2	0.2	0.5	0.2	0.3
Krill meal	58	18	13		5.8	1.3	2.4	4.2	2.7	0.5	0.9	2.1	2.3	2.1	0.4	2.2
Cereals
Corn	8	1�3	1�2	0.3	4.7	2.9	3.8	12.6	2.9	2.1	2.5	4.9	4.2	3.8	0.7	5.1
Corn gluten meal	60	3	2	0.4	3	1.6	4.2	18.8	1.9	4.1	2	11.2	2.5	3.4	0.4	4
Wheat	12	1�3	17	0.1	5	2.5	4.2	6.7	5.8	1.7	1.7	4.3	3.3	3.3	1.7	6.3
Wheat gluten	78	2	0.8	0.1	3.3	2	3.9	7.1	1.7	1.8	1.7	8.6	3	2.8	0.9	4.3
Pulses
Pea	22	1�2	3	0.4	10	3.1	4.8	7.8	7.3	1.2	1	4.3	3.2	3.7	0.8	4.7
Faba bean	24	2	3	0.5	9.2	2.7	4.1	7.6	6.5	0.8	1.3	4.2	3.5	3.6	0.9	4.6
Lupins	34	8	3	0.4	11.8	3.1	3.8	7.2	4.2	0.8	1.6	3.5	4.9	3.8	0.6	4.2
Oilseeds
Rapeseed meal, Primor 00	38�44	1�2	3�7	1	6.8	2.6	3.8	4.5	6.6	1.9	2.5	4	4	4.9	0.4	3.7
Sunflower meal	35	4	8	0.9	6.9	2.2	3.4	5.5	2.8	1.9	1.6	3.9	2.5	3.2	1	4.1
Full fat soybean	36	19	6	0.5					2.2	0.5		5.6	2.8	4.4	1.2	5.6
Soybean meal	46�48	0,5�1	6	0.7	7.2	1.9	4.7	8.2	6.3	2.6		9.1		4.1	0.5	4.4
Soy protein concentrate	68	1.5	4	0.9	7.7	2.9	4.5	7.9	6.2	1.3	1.4	5.2	3.3	4		4.6
N= nitrogen; P= phosphorus; Arg = arginine; His= histidine; Ile= isoleucine; Leu= leucine; Lys= lysine; Met= methionine; Cys= cystine; Phe= phenylalanine;
Source: S.J. Kaushik, unpublished data