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The objective of the projects was to demonstrate the capabilities of GIS and remote sensing to address aquaculture and inland fisheries issues, mainly for strategic planning. Projects included assessments of coastal aquaculture potential in Costa Rica in cooperation with UNEP (Kapetsky, et.al. 1987), Malaysia (Kapetsky, 1989), and Sri Lanka (Meaden, 1999), and remote sensing was used to inventory shrimp farms, also in Sri Lanka (Travaglia, et al. 1999). Inland fish farming potential was assessed in Ghana in (Kapetsky et al. 1991; Kapetsky and MacPherson, 1990).

A continent-level assessment of inland fish farming potential was carried out for Africa (Kapetsky, 1994) along with an appraisal of the potential of aquaculture to contribute to food security (Kapetsky, 1995), and Africa was subsequently reassessed on the basis of improved data (Aguilar-Manjarrez and Nath, 1998). Latin America constituted another continental assessment (Kapetsky and Nath, 1997), and the Caribbean Island States (Kapetsky and Chakalall, 1998) and Southern Africa (Kapetsky, 1994) were assessed as regions.

Not all of the outputs dealt with aquaculture. The use of remote sensing to inventory small water bodies for community fishery development was assessed in Zimbabwe (Kapetsky, 1987). At global level an assessment was carried out to estimate the potential for inland fishery enhancements (Kapetsky, 1998), and GIS applications in inland fisheries were reviewed worldwide (Kapetsky, 2001).

 
  
Projects  (26)
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Activity Type Publication
TitleGIS and Remote Sensing for the Development and Management of Open Ocean Aquaculture: A Reconnaissance
AuthorKapetsky,J.M.;Aguilar-Manjarrez, J.
Content Language(s)English
Type of Document FAO Fisheries Technical Paper
Abstract / DescriptionMariculture amounted to nearly 28 million tons in 2003; In contrast, aquaculture in freshwaters produced 24 million tons and in brackish waters nearly 3 million tons. The great bulk of mariculture presently takes place not in the open ocean, but rather in inshore waters. Open ocean aquaculture encompasses two kinds of locations: (1) mainly exposed offshore sites that benefit from some shelter from islands, headlands or subsurface features, and (2) offshore sites without any kind of shelter. These contrast with sheltered inshore and semi-exposed inshore sites. Open ocean aquaculture is in its very early stages. Currently available technologies limit operations to exposed offshore sites. Exploiting open ocean sites will require new designs for tethered and free-floating structures. Nevertheless, a number of factors provide incentives for such developments. Among them are an increasing demand for fish products, escalating competition for space along with pollution in inland and coastal areas, and the perception that the world’s oceans offer an almost unlimited capacity for growth. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of GIS and remote sensing to support the development and management of open ocean aquaculture in regions and countries contributing significantly to this activity. At this early stage it is a reconnaissance for a global in-depth review of the issues, concepts, data needs and availability, techniques, and capacity that will culminate in an FAO manual. At first glance assessing open ocean aquaculture potential appears simple and straightforward compared to land-based and inshore aquaculture. In reality it is complex. As an example, GIS and remote sensing are used to assess the open ocean aquaculture potential of Cobia, a warm water finfish, and the blue mussel, a cool water mollusc, within the Exclusive Economic Zones of the USA east coast and Puerto Rico/Virgin Islands using Manifold 6.0. The criteria broadly include suitability for the organism and the culture system, and access.
Keywords AQUACULTURE
Country NORTH AMERICA
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Date of Publication/Issue2006
  
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