| Synonyms
| | | | Clupea micropus Schlegel, 1846:236 (Japan). | | | Etrumeus jacksoniensis Macleay, 1879:36 (Australia). | | | Etrumeus acuminatus Gilbert, 1891:56 (eastern Pacific). | | | Perkinsia othonops Eigenmann, 1891:153 (eastern Pacific). | | | Etrumeus sadina FWNA, 1964:263 (not Clupea sadina Mitchill, 1814, which was probably Sardinella aurita). | | | Etrumeus teres Wongratana, 1980:84, pls 7, 8 (revision) SFSA, in press (southern Africa); of authors on southern African specimens, especially on western coasts. |
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| FAO Names | | En - Red-eye round herring, Fr - Shadine ronde, Sp - Sardineta canalera. |
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3Alpha Code: RRH Taxonomic Code: 1210503101 |
| Scientific Name with Original Description | | | Alosa teres De Kay, 1842, Nat.Hist.New York, pt. 4, Fishes:262 (New York region). |
| Diagnostic Features
| | | Some variation occurs in body depth and certain meristic characters (especially gillrakers), but ranges overlap between populations from widely separated regions (Whitehead, 1963). Distinguished from E. whiteheadi of southern African waters by having fewer lower gillraker (30 to 35) and the pelvic fin base about 1/3 eye diameter behind base of last dorsal finray.
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| Geographical Distribution | |
| | Off southern African coasts Mozambique to Durban, perhaps further south, but probably replaced by E.whiteheadi on western coast western Indian Ocean (off Cape Gardefui, inRed Sea, with immigrants into the eastern Mediterranean), Japan and southern coasts of Australia; in western Atlantic (Bay of Fundy south to Florida, Gulf of Mexico, Venezuela and the Guianas); in eastern Pacific (California, Galapagos Islands, Hawaii, Peru at 6° 30'S). The single eastern Mediterranean specimen reported by Ben-Tuvia (1963 -see also CLOFNAM,1973:110) was probably Spratelloides delicatulus . |
| Habitat and Biology | | | Marine, pelagic,mainly inshore fishes;general biology in western Atlantic given by Hildebrand (1963:264-7) and in Australia by Blackburn (1941); data from southern Africa included E. whiteheadi also. |
| Size | | | To 25 cm standard length. |
| Interest to Fisheries | | Separate statistics mainly reported from southern Africa and Japan (105 638 t in 1983), but E. whiteheadi included in former. Caught mainly with purse seines. The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 36 837 t. The countries with the largest catches were Japan (28 712 t) and Ecuador (3 636 t).
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| Local Names | | | SOUTH AFRICA :
Rondeharing ,
Rooioog . |
| USA :
Atlantic round herring (eastern coast),
Makiawa ,
Mikiawa ,
Omaka (Hawaii),
Round herring (AFS list). |
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| Remarks | | Electrophoretic studies on proteins may well point to differences between the various populations that will justify separation of subspecies or even species. If it is assumed that geographically isolated populations of Sardinops probably represent different species or subspecies, then the same is surely true of Etrumeus.
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Bibliography Hildebrand, (1964 - eastern coast of USA) Whitehead, (1963 - revision) Wongratana, (1980 Indo-Pacific) |
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