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| See tree map
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| | Synonyms
| | | | Caranx trecae Furnestin et al, 1958: 443 | | | Trachurus trachurus trecae Sanches, 1966: 69. |
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| FAO Names | | En - Cunene horse mackerel, Fr - Chinchard du Cunène, Sp - Jurel de Cunene. |
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3Alpha Code: HMZ Taxonomic Code: 1702300414 |
| Diagnostic Features
| | | Body elongate, fairly compressed. Head large; posterior end of upper jaw reaching anterior margin of eye; lower jaw projected. Maxilla large, wide, not covered by lachrymal. Adipose eyelid well developed. Small nostrils closely situated each other, anterior nostril oval and posterior nostril crescent. A distinct notch on posterior margin of opercle. Dorsal accessory lateral line terminating below spines 1-6 of dorsal fin.
Gillrakers, including rudiments, 37-45 on lower limb of first gill arch. Shoulder girdle (cleithrum) margin smooth, without papillae.
First dorsal fin with 8 spines and I + 28-33. Anal fin with I + 24-29 preceded by 2 strong spines. Pelvic fin (I,5) moderate in size, originating below end of pectoral fin base.
Scales in curved lateral line 35-43, expanded dorsolaterally and scute-like; in straight lateral line 33-38 scutes; total scales and scutes 71-78.
Colour no distinctive markings except for a small black opercular spot on edge near upper angle. Upper part of body and top of head dusky to nearly black or grey to bluish green; lower two thirds of body and head usually paler, whitish to silvery.
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| Geographical Distribution | |
| | Eastern central Atlantic, reported from Morocco (rare); generally along African coast from Mauritania to Angola. |
| Habitat and Biology | | | Bentopelagic (a schooling species). Usually occuring near bottom (15°-22° C)between 20 and 100 m depths;also sometimes pelagic and near surface at times.Feeds primarily on crustaceans. |
| Size | | | Maximum attains, at least 35 cm fork length; but unconfirmed reports indicate maximum total length up to 80 cm. |
| Interest to Fisheries | |
Global Capture production for
Trachurus trecae
(FAO Fishery Statistic) |  | 
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The catch of this species reported from the area in 1977 totalled about 207.000 t (U.S.S.R. only). The total catch reported for this species to FAO for 1999 was 81 692 t. The countries with the largest catches were Angola (47 719 t) and Russian Federation (33 973 t). Caught commercially with pelagic trawl and bottom trawl and purse seines, traps and on line gear.
Utilized fresh, frozen, dried salted, canned and smoked. | |  Related Fishing Techniques |
| Local Names | | | Arabic :
Chourou azraq ,
Esfer moussata . |
| English :
Smallscale scad . |
| French :
Chinchard bleu ,
Gascon ,
Saurel ,
Severau . |
| Italian :
Sugarello pittato ,
Suro . |
| Polish :
Ostrobok afrykanski . |
| Serbo-Croat :
Sarun ,
Snjorgolemi . |
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Bibliography Fischer, W.; G. Bianchi; W. B. Scott (eds.). - 1981Fiches FAO d'identification des espèces pour les besoins de la pêche. Atlantique centre-est; zones de pêche 34, 47 (en partie). Canada Fonds de Dépôt. Ottawa, Ministère des Pêcheries et Océans Canada, en accord avec l'Organisation des Nations Unies pour l'Alimentation et l'Agriculture, Vol. 1-7: pag. var. Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. 2003. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org Smith-Vaniz, W. F. - 1986 Carangidae. In: P.J.P. Whitehead et al., (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean (FNAM). Unesco, Paris, vol. II: 815-844. Smith-Vaniz, W. F., J.C. Quéro & M. Desoutter. - 1990 Carangidae. In: J.C. Quero et al., (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). Unesco, Portugal, vol. II: 729-755. |
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