Coniferous

Juniperus forests cover the high mountains of the Irano-Turanian region, Zagros and Azerbaidjan at 1 500 to 3 500 m altitude. They grow under 220 to 450 mm rainfall and average annual temperatures of 3 to 12o C.

The main tree species is Juniperus polycarpa with accompanying species Lonicera nummulariifolia, Amygdalus orientalis, Cotoneaster nummulariodes, Daphne mucronata, and Astragalus adsceneds. The forests once covered considerable area but now they are almost destroyed.

last updated: Wednesday, October 6, 2004