Countries

The State of Bahrain consists of an archipelago of over 30 islands in the southern Persian Gulf, between the Qatar Peninsula on the east and the coast of Saudi Arabia on the west. It has a total area of approximately 690 km², most of which is in the main island, also named Bahrain.

The islands are mostly low-lying and rocky, although Bahrain Island rises to an elevation of 135 m at its centre. The climate is extremely dry, averaging about 80 mm of rainfall annually, nearly all in the winter. The average annual temperature is about 25° C, but summer temperatures often exceed 38 °C. Winter temperatures are mild, with temperatures from about 10 °C to about 27 °C.