Dear All,

Good day!

Soil health is often intricately related with spread of invasive alien species which also should be a factor to recon with. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) defines Invasive Alien Species as an alien species which becomes established in natural or semi-natural ecosystems or habitat, an agent of change, and threatens native biological diversity. These invasive species are widely distributed in all kinds of ecosystems throughout the world, and include all categories of living organisms. Invasive species are good at exploiting bare soil and empty niches. Invasive species are generally non-natives that infest natural ecosystems, including forest, rangelands, and pastures. One way to avoid invasive species is to choose the ones that are native to the area. Natives often are adapted to a specific environmental niche, and have natural controls that keep them in balance. Invasive species, on the other hand, are tolerant against environmental extremes and possess greater flexibility for survival in wide range of conditions with high water, light and nutrient use efficiencies. Some of the invasive species also exhibit fire resistance besides better competitive ability and

allelopathy.

With warm regards,

Pradip Dey