دعوات تلقي المُساهمات

الدعوة إلى تبادل الخبرات والممارسات الجيدة عند استخدام وتطبيق المبادئ التوجيهية الطوعية لدعم إعمال الحق في غذاء كافي في سياق الأمن الغذائي القُطري.

The Voluntary Guidelines for the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security (VGRtF) were developed and endorsed by the Committee on World Food Security (CFS) in 2004 and are one of the overarching frameworks for the work of the CFS. The implementation of the Guidelines are primarily the responsibility of States who are encouraged, with the contribution of all stakeholders, to apply them in developing their strategies, policies, programmes and legislation for achieving food security and nutrition objectives. The Guidelines take into account a wide range of important considerations and human rights principles (participation, accountability, non-discrimination, transparency, human dignity, empowerment and rule of law) to guide activities designed to improve food security, taking into account the need for emphasis on poor and vulnerable people: http://www.fao.org/3/a-y7937e.pdf.

The Committee on World Food Security invites you to share experiences and good practices on the use and application of the Voluntary Guidelines for the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security (VGRtF).

The inputs received will contribute to the identification, sharing and documentation of experiences in the use and application of the VGRtF, and good practices that have contributed to their success. In this context, good practices are interventions or approaches that deserve to be shared as examples in order to facilitate greater use, implementation and monitoring of the VGRtF.

Examples include interventions to mainstream the right to food into legal and policy frameworks; establishment of participatory mechanism for governing food policy decisions; establishment of public remedy mechanisms for violations to the right to food; training for developing capacity to use and apply VGRtF of civil society, lawyers or government officials; initiatives to monitor the right to food at local, national or regional levels.

Inputs will contribute to monitoring progress on the use and application of the VGRtF, both from a qualitative and quantitative perspective. All inputs will be compiled in a document made available for delegates at CFS 45 in October 2018.

In identifying and documenting good practices, please consider the values promoted by CFS, as applicable: 

  • Inclusiveness and participation:  all relevant actors were involved and participated in the decision-making process, including those affected by the decisions;
  • Evidence-based analysis: the effectiveness of the practice in contributing to the lives and livelihoods of the beneficiaries was analysed on the basis of independent evidence;
  • Environmental, economic and social sustainability: the practice contributed to achieving its objectives, without compromising the ability of addressing future needs;
  • Gender Equality: the practice promoted equal rights and participation of women and men and addressed gender inequalities;
  • Focus on the most vulnerable and marginalized people and groups: the practice benefitted the most vulnerable and marginalized people and groups;
  • Multi-sectoral approach: all main relevant sectors were consulted and involved in the implementation of the VGRtF;
  • Resilience of livelihoods: the practice contributed to building resilient livelihoods of households and communities to shocks and crises, including those related to climate change.

The deadline for submissions is 23 October 2017. Submissions can be made in any of the UN languages (Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish).

Please use the submission form to share your experience.

You can download it here:
https://assets.fsnforum.fao.org/public/files/Template_EN_CFS_right_to_food.docx

You can upload the completed form below or send it via email to [email protected].

We thank you in advance for your support and input.

Deborah Fulton

CFS Secretary

تم إغلاق هذا النشاط الآن. لمزيد من المعلومات، يُرجى التواصل معنا على : [email protected] .

* ضغط على الاسم لقراءة جميع التعليقات التي نشرها العضو وتواصل معه / معها مباشرةً
  • أقرأ 37 المساهمات
  • عرض الكل

Estimados y estimadas colegas,

Adjunto les envío mis aportes a esta convocatoria en la cual quiero compartir de manera muy resumida la experiencia del Comité Técnico de Alimentación y Nutrición (CT CONAN) de Bolivia, que es la instancia encargada de la coordinación en la formulación e implementación de la política de alimentación y nutrición en el país.

Cordiales saludos

Consell Alimentari Municipal València

Spain

Adjunto Formulario de la Convocatoria de ejemplos y buenas prácticas sobre la utilización y aplicación de las Directrices voluntarias en apoyo de la realización progresiva del derecho a una alimentación adecuada en el contexto de la seguridad alimentaria nacional, firmado por Consol Castillo Plaza, Concejala de Agricultura y Huerta, de la ciudad de València (España).



Atentamente,

Pablo González

PARLATINO

Estimados todos, por este medio y a nombre del Diputado Pablo González, Secretario General Alterno del PARLATINO, envío el formulario de presentación correspondiente al Parlamento Latinoamericano y Caribeño, PARLATINO, sobre la convocatoria de ejemplos y buenas prácticas sobre la utilización y aplicación de las Directrices voluntarias en apoyo de la realización progresiva del derecho a una alimentación adecuada en el contexto de la seguridad alimentaria nacional. 

Saludos cordiales,

Mariana Carmona

Richemont Seki

FAO Regional Office for Africa
Togo

ENGLISH VERSION BELOW

Titre de l'expérience       

Atelier régional de sensibilisation et renforcement des capacités des organisations de la société civile sur le droit à l’alimentation et l’initiative Faim Zéro de la CEDEAO

Couverture géographique

Régionale

Pays (s)/Région (s) couverts par l'expérience

Afrique de l’Ouest

Votre affiliation

FAO (DPS, ESP, RAF)

Comment les Directives volontaires  ont-elles utilisées dans votre contexte? Quelles directives spécifiques ont été les plus pertinentes pour votre expérience?

D’une part, les Directives ont été utilisées comme point d’ancrage du développement de l’atelier. Ainsi, le document était à la base de la sensibilisation effectuée ainsi que du renforcement des capacités pour accroitre le plaidoyer et les actions contribuant à la réalisation du droit à une alimentation adéquate. Également, les Directives ont été introduites et abordées dans leur ensemble lors d’une séance consacrée à certains outils clés développés pour la promotion du droit à une alimentation adéquate, parmi lesquels figuraient les Directives.

D’autre part, certaines sessions ont abordées plus en détail quelques directives précises, à savoir principalement celles portant sur les stratégies (Directive 3), les institutions (Directive 5), les cadres juridiques (Directive 7), l’accès aux ressources (Directive 8), la nutrition (Directive 10), la sensibilisation (Directive 11), les groupes vulnérables (Directive 13), la protection sociale (Directive 14), le suivi (Directive 17) ainsi que la portée régionale et globale (Directive 19).

Brève description de l'expérience

Il s’agit d’un atelier régional de sensibilisation et de renforcement des capacités d’acteurs clés de la société civile pour la réalisation du droit à l’alimentation en Afrique de l’Ouest, en lien avec l’Initiative Faim Zéro de la CEDEAO, et réalisé dans le cadre du projet GCP/RAF/476/GER « Renforcer les Initiatives Régionales pour Eradiquer la Faim et la Malnutrition en Afrique de l’Ouest » financé par le Ministère Fédéral Allemand de l’Alimentation et l’Agriculture et mis en œuvre par la FAO avec la collaboration de la CEDEAO. L’atelier a regroupé pendant deux jours plus de 50 participants en provenance de 14 pays ouest-africains. Au cours de l’atelier, une sensibilisation accentuée quant aux éléments clés et aux outils pour la promotion du droit à l’alimentation a eu lieu, tout comme un partage d’expériences et des discussions portant sur les défis et les opportunités pour le travail des OSC sur le droit à l’alimentation dans la région. Également, des actions précises ont été mises en avant par les acteurs, en plus de tisser des liens entre eux pour  accroître les actions synergiques et maximiser les résultats.

Qui a participé à l'expérience?

Acteurs de la société civile provenant de 14 différents pays de la CEDEAO, travaillant à l’échelle nationale ainsi qu’à celle régionale, parmi lesquels :

  • Bénin : AFRIPERF, PASCIB, PBSA
  • Burkina Faso : APESS, ROAC, RESONUT, FIAN
  • Côte d’Ivoire : SCIEN, COPAGEN/GGLTE, MINADER/DPVSA
  • Gambie : TANGO, ActionAid
  • Ghana : Hunger Alliance of Ghana, WAAHM, GHA CSO on Nutrition
  • Guinée-Bissau : RESSAN G.B
  • Guinée : REGOSA Guinée, Terre des Hommes, GTR-SUN
  • Liberia : SUN Civil Society Alliance of Liberia
  • Mali : Alliance SUN, CMAT
  • Niger : TUN, RMB
  • Nigeria : CS-SUNN
  • Sénégal : REPAOC, AFAO, SUN Sénégal
  • Sierra Leone : SUNI CSP-SL, SILNORF
  • Togo : Alliance pour la nutrition, RAPDA

FAO – le bureau régional ainsi que le siège

Action contre la faim (ACF)

Département agriculture, environnement et ressources en eaux (DAERE) de la CEDEAO

Agence régionale pour l’agriculture et l’alimentation (ARAA) de la CEDEAO

Comment les personnes les plus touchées par l'insécurité alimentaire et la malnutrition ont-elles été impliquées?

Principalement par l’entremise de leur organisation représentative, les acteurs de la société civile ayant participé représentent certaines des personnes les plus touchées par l’insécurité alimentaire et la malnutrition. Outre le partage et l’échange d’expériences respectives, notamment sur les moyens d’accroitre la collaboration des différents acteurs nationaux et régionaux pour la réalisation du droit à l’alimentation, les acteurs qui ont participé restitueront les éléments clés abordés lors de l’atelier avec les différentes organisations et les différents acteurs, y compris les communautés.

Principales activités

(Formation des OSC, avocats, parlementaires, gouvernement)

Atelier régional de sensibilisation et renforcement des capacités des organisations de la société civile pendant lequel ont notamment eu lieu des présentations, des discussions, des travaux de groupe et de sous-groupe ainsi que l’élaboration d’une déclaration commune.

Les présentations sont disponibles via :

Échéancier

L’atelier eu lieu sur une période de deux jours en juillet 2017 à Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.

Résultats obtenus/attendus à court terme, avec des aspects quantitatifs chaque fois que possible (estimation du nombre de personnes qui ont été ou seront touchées)

  • 1 atelier de sensibilisation et renforcement des capacités qui s’est étendu sur 2 jours et a été complété avec succès
  • 54 participants en provenance de 14 différents pays de la CEDEAO qui représentent certaines des plus importantes alliances/organisations/regroupements de la société civile au niveau national et à l’échelle régionale

Découlant de cette activité, certains résultats pertinents inclus:

  • Sensibilisation des OSC sur le droit à l’alimentation et les différents outils à utiliser pour sa promotion (y compris les Directives Volontaires)
  • Elaboration de versions provisoires de plans d’actions pour la promotion du droit à l’alimentation
  • Elaboration d’une Déclaration commune des OSC participant à l’atelier sur la promotion du droit à l’alimentation

Résultats obtenus/attendus à moyen et long terme, avec des aspects quantitatifs chaque fois que possible (estimation du nombre de personnes qui ont été ou seront touchées)

Très difficile à évaluer puisque cela dépend de la restitution effectuée par chaque acteur ainsi que du réseau entourant chacun d’entre eux. Ainsi, le nombre peut aller de quelques centaines de personnes a plusieurs milliers de personnes qui bénéficieraient indirectement du contenu abordé, des outils partagés et des résultats obtenus lors de l’atelier régional.

Résultats obtenus - les changements les plus importants à saisir

Un changement notoire se situe au niveau de la compréhension des différentes facettes et des nombreux aspects qui contribuent directement et indirectement à la réalisation du droit à l’alimentation de la part des participants. De plus, les participants ont eu une meilleure compréhension de leur rôle respectif afin de contribuer positivement et efficacement à la promotion du droit à l’alimentation. Également, il est ressorti l’importance de la collaboration et de la coopération entre les différents acteurs présents ainsi que sur la nécessité d’identifier des points de synergies précis. En somme, les participants ont eu une meilleure idée quant à leur rôle dans la promotion et la réalisation du droit à une alimentation adéquate au niveau national et à l’échelle de la région CEDEAO.   

Quels sont les principaux catalyseurs ayant eu une incidence sur les résultats?

-L’approche participative utilisée lors de l’atelier

-La traduction des présentations dans les deux langues des participants et la projection simultanée a permis de faciliter la compréhension et l’appropriation des messages par chaque groupe linguistique

-Le partage d’expériences, notamment de pays ayant déjà entamé plusieurs actions de promotion du droit à l’alimentation

Quelles sont les principales contraintes/difficultés qui freinent la réalisation du droit à l'alimentation?

Dans le contexte de cet atelier, le faible niveau de compréhension et de maîtrise des différentes facettes de la réalisation du droit à l’alimentation peut s’avérer une contrainte qui limite l’efficacité de certains efforts. Cela peut également éventuellement limiter la possibilité qu’ont certains acteurs à contribuer activement aux processus politiques portant sur la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle.

Également, le manque de collaboration et de coordination des actions entre les différents acteurs, principalement au niveau national, peut rendre difficile une amélioration progressive et s’avérer contreproductif à la réalisation du droit à l’alimentation. Particulièrement, cela peut se traduire en une multiplicité d’actions qui abordent le même élément mais de manières différentes. Lorsque les défis sont nombreux et les ressources limitées, cela peut s’avérer une véritable contrainte à la promotion du droit à l’alimentation et sa réalisation progressive.  

Quels mécanismes ont été mis en place pour suivre l’évolution du droit à l'alimentation?

Encore une fois, dans le cadre de cet atelier, la Déclaration des OSC sur la promotion du droit à l’alimentation en Afrique de l’Ouest a été rédigée, signée et endossée par les acteurs présents.

De plus, un réseau informel d’acteurs de la société civile œuvrant à la promotion et la réalisation du droit à une alimentation adéquate en Afrique de l'Ouest a pris forme entre les différents participants.

Quelles bonnes pratiques recommanderiez-vous pour obtenir des résultats positifs?

Lors d’un tel atelier, l’adaptation des concepts phares du droit à l’alimentation au contexte spécifique et aux activités quotidiennes des différents acteurs est primordiale. Cela permet d’utiliser « un langage commun », ce qui facilite la compréhension et l’appropriation des concepts par les participants.

Également, il est pertinent de bien cibler les participants en amont. Particulièrement important lorsqu’il s’agit d’un nombre élevé de participants, cela permet d’assurer une pertinence accrue d’un tel atelier. Également, en ciblant adéquatement les participants, la capacité et la portée d’une restitution en aval sont augmentées puisqu’il s’agit d’une considération identifiée en amont. Une représentation large et équilibrée des organisations et réseaux de la société civile du point de vue du genre, des zones géographiques d’origine et, surtout, des secteurs de la population représentés - accordant une attention spéciale à celles qui représentent directement les petits producteurs et les secteurs plus marginalisés et exposés à l’insécurité alimentaire - est dans ce sens un facteur clé de succès, en termes d’efficace et de durabilité des résultats. À cette fin, il est fondamental d'assurer une implication forte et un rôle de premier plan pour les organisations et mouvements sociaux, en plus des ONG, dans ce genre d’activités.

À la lumière des deux premiers éléments, outre à partager et discuter de notions, l’apport d’outils s’avère important puisqu’ils permettront aux participants d’effectuer une adaptation plus structurée du contenu en vue d’une restitution. Également, cela permettra de pousser la réflexion au-delà du simple atelier (s’ajoutant à plusieurs autres moyens plus proactifs d’y parvenir).

Par ailleurs, il est pertinent d’assurer un soutien/suivi afin d’appuyer la mise en œuvre des engagements établis lors d’un tel atelier en cas de besoin. Envisager l’atelier comme représentant une étape au sein d’un cheminement (et non une fin en soi) contribue certainement à l’atteinte de résultats positifs.

Title of the experience

Regional workshop on awareness and strengthening of capacities for civil society organizations on the right to food and the Zero Hunger ECOWAS initiative.

Geographical coverage

Regional

Country (ies)/Region(s) covered by the experience

West Africa

Your affiliation

FAO (DPS, ESP, RAF)

How were the Voluntary Guidelines used in your context? Which specific guidelines of the VGRtF was most relevant to your experience?

On one hand, the Guidelines were used as the anchorage point for the development of the workshop. Thus, the document was the basis of the awareness program carried out as well as for the strengthening of capacities to augment the arguments and actions that contribute to the attainment of the right to an adequate diet. Equally, the Guidelines were introduced and taken up as a whole in a meeting dedicated to some key tools developed for the promotion of the right to an adequate diet, among which the Guidelines were featured.

On the other hand, some sessions treated in more detail some specific Guidelines, that is mainly those related to the strategies (Guideline 3), institutions (Guideline 5), legal frameworks (Guideline 7), access to resources (Guideline 10), the creation of awareness (Guideline 11), vulnerable groups (Guideline 13), social protection (Guideline 14), monitoring (Guideline 17) as well as the regional and global impact (Guideline 19).

Brief description of the experience

It involves a regional workshop of awareness creation and strengthening of capacities for key civil society actors for the achievement of the right to food in West Africa, in conection with the ECOWAS initiative Zero Hunger, and carried out in the framework of the project GCP/RAF/476/GER "Strengthening Regional Initiatives to End Hunger and Malnutrition in West Africa," funded by the German ministry of food and agriculture and implemented by FAO with the collaboration of ECOWAS. The workshop brought together more than 50 participants coming from 14 West African countries over two days.  During the workshop, particular awareness was created about the key elements and tools to promote the right to food, all as part of a sharing of experience and discussions regarding the challenges and opportunities for the work of civil society organizations on the right to food in the region. Equally, some individual actions were highlighted by the participants, as well as forging links among them to increase actions in synergy and maximize the results.

Who was involved in the experience?

Civil society actors from 14 ECOWAS countries, working at national as well as regional level, among which:

  • Benin: AFRIPERF, PASCIB, PBSA
  • Burkina Faso: APESS, ROAC, RESONUT, FIAN
  • Ivory Coast: SCIEN, COPAGEN/GGLTE, MINADER/DPVSA
  • The Gambia: TANGO, ActionAid
  • Ghana: Hunger Alliance of Ghana, WAAHM, GHA CSO on Nutrition
  • Guinea-Bissau : RESSAN G.B
  • Guinea : REGOSA Guinée, Terre des Hommes, GTR-SUN
  • Liberia: SUN Civil Society Alliance of Liberia
  • Mali: Alliance SUN, CMAT
  • Niger: TUN, RMB
  • Nigeria: CS-SUNN
  • Senegal: REPAOC, AFAO, SUN Senegal
  • Sierra Leone: SUNI CSP-SL, SILNORF
  • Togo: Alliance pour la nutrition, RAPDA

FAO – regional office as well as headquarters

Action contre la faim (ACF) [Fight against hunger]

Département agriculture, environnement et ressources en eaux (DAERE) [ECOWAS Agricultural, environmental and water resources department]

Agence régionale pour l’agriculture et l’alimentation (ARAA) [ECOWAS regional agency for agriculture and food]

How were those most affected by food insecurity and malnutrition involved?

Mainly by the intervention of their representative organization, the civil society actors participating represented many people most affected by food insecurity and malnutrition. Besides the sharing and exchange of their respective experiences, in particular on ways to increase collaboration of different national and regional actors to achieving the right to food, the actors participating will address the key elements approached throughout the workshops with different organizations and different actors, including the communities.

Main activities

Regional workshop of awareness and strengthening of capacities for civil society organizations during which there were presentations, discussions, group and sub-group work, as well as the elaboration of a common declaration.

Presentations are available in:

Timeframe

The workshop took place over two days in July 2017 in Abidjan, Ivory Coast.

Results achieved/expected in the short term, with quantitative aspects where feasible (estimation of the number of people that have been or will be reached).

  • 1 Workshop for awareness creation and strengthening of capacities which took place over two days and was completed successfully.
  • 54 participants coming from 14 different ECOWAS countries representing some of the most important alliances/organizations/groups of civil society at national and regional level.

Resulting from this activity, some pertinent outcomes, including:

  • Awareness of CSOs on the right to food and the different tools to use for its promotion (including the Voluntary Guidelines).
  • Drafting of provisional action plans for the promotion of the right to food.
  • Drafting of a common Declaration of the CSOs participating in the workshop on the promotion of the right to food.

Results achieved/expected for the medium and long term with quantitative aspects where feasible (estimation of the number of people that have been or will be reached).

Very difficult to assess because that depends on the dissemination carried out by each actor as well as the network surrounding each one of them. Thereby, the number could vary from hundreds of people to many thousands that would benefit indirectly from the contents addressed, shared tools and results obtained from the regional workshop.

Results obtained - most significant changes to capture

A noticeable change in the level of understanding by the participants of the different facets and numerous aspects that contribute directly and indirectly to the achievement of the right to food. Additionally, the participants had a better understanding of their respective roles so as to contribute positively and efficiently to the promotion of the right to food. Also, the importance of collaboration and cooperation among the different actors came out again, as well as the need to identify the precise synergy points. All in all, the participants had a better idea in terms of their role in the promotion and achievement of the right to adequate food at national and regional ECOWAS level.

What are the key catalysts that influenced the results?

- The participative approach used in the workshop.

- The simultaneous translation of presentations into the two languages of the participants facilitated the understanding and absorption of messages for each linguistic group.

- Sharing experiences, in particular of those countries that already initiated many actions for the promotion of the right to food.

What are the major constraints/challenges for achieving the Right to Food?

In the context of this workshop, the low level of understanding and mastery of the different aspects of the attainment of the right to food could prove to be a challenge that limits the efficiency of some efforts. That could equally, eventually, limit the possibility that some actors have to contribute actively to the political processes that produce food and nutrition security.

At the same time, the lack of collaboration and coordination of actions between the different actors, mainly at national level, could make progressive improvement difficult and turn out to be counterproductive for the achievement of the right to food. In particular, it could turn into many actions that approach the same element but in different ways. When the challenges are many and the resources limited, that could become a real restriction on the promotion of the right to food and its progressive achievement.

What mechanisms have been developed to monitor the Right to Food?

Once again, in the framework of this workshop, the Declaration of the CSOs on the promotion of the right to food in West Africa has been drafted, signed and endorsed by the actors in attendance.

Additionally, an informal network of civil society actors for the promotion and achievement of the right to food has taken shape among the participants.

What good practices would you recommend for successful results?

While the workshop was taking place, the adaptation of key concepts on the right to food to the specific context and to the daily routines of the different actors is essential. That enables the use of a "common language" which makes the comprehension and appropriation of concepts easier for the participants.

Additionally, it is relevant to target the participants in advance. In particular it is important when a large number of participants is involved, which helps to ensure that the workshop is highly relevant. Also, by the adequate targeting of participants, the capacity and impact of reproduction afterwards increase because it as an already identified consideration. An extensive and balanced representation of civil society organizations and networks from the point of view of genre, geographical areas of origen, and especially, from sectors of the population represented, granting special attention to those that directly represent small producers and those sectors most marginalized and exposed to food insecurity - is in this sense the key factor to success, in terms of efficiency and sustainability of results. To this end, it is essential to ensure heavy involvement and a frontline role for social organizations and movements, in addition to NGOs, in this kind of activities.

In the light of the first two elements, besides sharing and discussing ideas, the contribution of tools proves to be important because they allow the participants to make a more structured adaptation of the content in anticipation of reproducing it. Additionally, that fosters further thinking beyond the mere workshop (adding many other more proactive means for the future).

Moreover, it is important to ensure support/monitoring in order to foster the implementation of the commitments established in such a workshop if needed. Viewing the workshop as a stage in a process (and not an end in itself) certainly contributes to the achievement of positive results.

José Ramón González Parada

Plataforma Carta contra el Hambre
Spain

Título de la experiencia

Base popular en una Iniciativa Legislativa Municipal a favor del  derecho a  la alimentación

Cobertura geográfica

Regional, sub-nacional

País(es)/Región(es) incluidos en la experiencia

Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, España

Su afiliación

Miembro de la Red de Investigación y Observatorio de la Solidaridad, organización civil que participa en la Plataforma Carta contra el Hambre (Madrid).

¿Cómo se han utilizado las VGRtF en su contexto? ¿Qué directrices específicas de las VGRtF fueron más relevantes para su experiencia?

Las directrices de referencia son 

2.7  (Pobreza e inseguridad alimentaria en las ciudades)

6 PARTICIPACIÓN DE LAS PARTES INTERESADAS

7 MARCO JURIDICO

11 EDUCACIÓN Y SENSIBILIZACIÓN

12.1 Asignación de recursos

12.3 GARANTIA DE ACCESO A LA ALIMENTACIÓN, en sectores pobres de la sociedad

17.6 Seguimiento participativo (Observatorio)

Breve descripción de la experiencia

Tras las elecciones municipales y autonómicas (regionales)  de 2015, la plataforma Carta contra el Hambre propone la inclusión de la cuestión de la emergencia alimentaria en la agenda política, subrayando el papel de los municipios en la  efectiva consecución del derecho a la alimentación,  a la vista de la emergencia alimentaria que afecta al 4% de la población de la Comunidad.

Para ello establece un proceso de participación con los responsables del ayuntamiento de Madrid, y con otros ayuntamientos de la Comunidad, para discutir y elaborar un borrador de ley sobre el derecho a la alimentación, que una vez acordado por los ayuntamientos, pudiera presentarse en la Asamblea de Madrid para su discusión parlamentaria. Como consecuencia la Carta contra el Hambre presentó su modelo de borrador de Ley, de ámbito autonómico (regional).

Los principios que inspiran esta propuesta son: 1) la corresponsabilidad de los niveles municipales y autonómico en  el ejercicio del derecho a la alimentación, 2) la necesidad de hacer aportes económicos desde el sector público adecuados a las necesidades, 3) la inclusión del derecho a la alimentación como una actividad normalizada dentro del conjunto de servicios sociales propios de los ayuntamientos, 4) la participación ciudadana en el ejercicio del derecho, 5) la colaboración de las entidades privadas humanitarias que reparten alimentos, 6) y la promoción de una política local de gestión alimentaria, concordante con los criterios del Pacto de Milán.

Se fundamenta jurídicamente en la existencia del derecho a la alimentación en los compromisos internacionales suscritos por el Estado Español, en la legislación autonómica que prevé la iniciativa municipal en la presentación de leyes, y en las obligaciones de los gobiernos locales para contribuir a hacer frente a la pobreza y realizar los derechos económicos, sociales y culturales. Y socialmente en la prevalencia de sectores sociales que están en situación de insolvencia alimentaria, consecuencia del empobrecimiento resultado de la crisis social y económica iniciada en  2008.

Lejos de desaparecer, la malnutrición corre el riesgo de convertirse en un mal endémico en un sector de la población madrileña, un problema especialmente grave en el caso de los niños y niñas. Así­, el 6,3% de los hogares de la región vive en situación de pobreza severa, lo que afecta a algo más de 400.000 personas, y 427.000 trabajadores tienen ingresos salariales por debajo de 378 euros al mes. El 10% de nuestros abuelos cobra menos de la mitad de la Pensión Mínima, es decir, una cuantía inferior a los 351 euros al mes, y en 2015 el 20,5% de la población de la comunidad autónoma (1,3 millones de habitantes) se encontraba en riesgo de pobreza o exclusión social, según el indicador AROPE. Y en cuanto a la percepción de alimentos, se calcula que más de 150.000 personas son asistida por la entidades benéficas.

La exposición de motivos incluye el análisis del profuso marco normativo, la justificación, objetivos y principios de la ley. De entre el articulado de la  ILM destacan los del título II, que recoge “medidas de garantí­a del derecho a la alimentación” como la creación de un fondo de emergencia alimentaria para toda la comunidad autónoma y planes municipales de “mejora del acceso a la alimentación suficiente y adecuada”. Estos planes podrán incluir entre otras acciones: 1) las necesarias  para agilizar las gestiones de la Renta Mínima de Inserción y del servicio complementario de acceso a la alimentación; 2) la apertura de centros municipales de cultura alimentaria y 3)  la promoción del empleo de personas en situación de necesidad alimentaria en empresas de inserción social.

La ILM también establece la puesta en marcha de un Observatorio de la Emergencia Alimentaria de la Comunidad de Madrid y la creación, en cada municipio, de un órgano administrativo que fomente y facilite la “participación de las personas que se encuentren en situación de necesidad alimentaria en el proceso de elaboración y aprobación de las polí­ticas públicas municipales de garantía del derecho a la alimentación”.

¿Quién participó en la experiencia?

En el año 2013 un pequeño grupo de entidades aborda el problema de la alimentación y reparto de alimentos en Madrid, y a partir de sus primeros estudios y contactos se elabora la Carta contra el Hambre, que sale a la luz pública en el año 2014, agrupando en torno a ella a cuarenta organizaciones  sociales, que se configuran como plataforma para poner en práctica los contenidos de la Carta.

Tras la aprobación de la Iniciativa Legislativa, se amplia la base social del movimiento, incorporándose los sindicatos UGT y CCOO, junto con otros agentes de la  sociedad civil.

¿Cómo participó la población más afectada por la inseguridad alimentaria y la malnutrición?

Representantes de grupos de afectados, participaron en las Conferencias: en concreto el  grupo de autogestión de alimentos de Tetuán (un distrito del municipio de Madrid) forma parte activa de la plataforma.

Actividades principales

  • Celebración de la I Conferencia contra el Hambre, el 10 de abril de 2015)
  • Pacto contra el Hambre, firmado por todos  partidos –excepto el PP- que se presentaban a las elecciones municipales en el Ayuntamiento de Madrid, y a las autonómicas de dicho año 2015.
  • II Conferencia contra el Hambre. Junio 2017
  • Elaboración de un INICIATIVA LEGISLATIVA MUNICIPAL,
  • Aprobación en el Ayuntamiento de Madrid de la propuesta de Ley en Septiembre 2017,  y a la que en este momento ya se han sumado varios municipios de la Comunidad.

Calendario

(Indique por favor la fecha de inicio y la fecha de finalización/o si está en curso)

Inicio 2015 hasta el presente (en curso)

Resultados obtenidos/esperados a corto plazo, facilitando datos cuantitativos si es posible (estimación del número de personas que se han visto o se verán afectadas)

Una vez discutida la propuesta y revisada por parte de los servicios jurídicos del Ayuntamiento de Madrid, y tras la celebración de la II Conferencia contra el Hambre  promovida conjuntamente por la Carta contra el Hambre y el Ayuntamiento madrileño, finalmente la propuesta de Ley se aprueba en el Pleno Municipal del 27 de Septiembre de 2017, sostenida por los votos del PSOE y Ahora Madrid, y con la abstención del PP y Ciudadanos, aprobación a la que siguen otros seis ayuntamientos madrileños.

En estos momentos la Iniciativa Legislativa está a la espera de ser presentada oficialmente en la Asamblea de Madrid, para iniciar su trámite parlamentario.

Cuando se apruebe la Ley, ésta beneficiará a más de 150.000 personas de la Comunidad que se encuentran en situación de emergencia alimentaria.

Resultados obtenidos (cambios más significativos)

Alcaldes y concejales se han identificado con los objetivos de la Ley, incluyendo la emergencia  alimentaria dentro de sus políticas de servicios públicos.

Las entidades ciudadanas dejan de considerar la emergencia alimentaria como una especialidad de las entidades humanitarias, y se comprometen con la defensa del derecho a la alimentación. A su vez han comprendido el funcionamiento de un sistema de aportación de alimentos a las entidades de reparto por parte del Ministerio de Agricultura de una parte, y de otra de empresas agroalimentarias ,  dejando la responsabilidad a entidades privadas mayoristas como son el Banco de Alimentos y Cruz Roja, en el caso español.

Las entidades ciudadanas comienzan a pensar el derecho a la alimentación como parte de una estrategia de soberanía alimentaria, e inciden en los espacios de participación en la estrategia de derechos humanos del Ayuntamiento de Madrid, y concretamente en la estrategia alimentaria del municipio, firmante del Pacto de Milán.

La plataforma de la Carta contra el Hambre, a partir de esta experiencia, considera la necesidad de ampliar el abanico de la gestión alimentaria, colaborando con otras entidades en la gestión de la alimentación en el ámbito urbano, participando a su vez en la estrategia alimentaria del municipio.

¿Cuáles son los agentes catalizadores clave que influyeron en los resultados?

Han sido agentes clave de este movimiento las asociaciones de vecinos, las comunidades religiosas, las asociaciones de adultos mayores y  los grupos de autogestión de alimentos. Por parte institucional,  es un actor principal el Ayuntamiento de Madrid.

¿Cuáles son los principales obstáculos/desafíos para la realización del Derecho a la alimentación?

El principal obstáculo para un efectivo derecho a la alimentación es el  pensamiento neoliberal, que considera que la provisión de alimentos a la población en situación de emergencia alimentaria es una competencia de las entidades privadas  y de donaciones de empresas del sector agroalimentario.

¿Qué mecanismos se han desarrollado para supervisar la realización del Derecho a la alimentación?

El mecanismo previsto en la propuesta de Ley es el  Observatorio de la alimentación.

¿Qué buenas prácticas recomendaría para obtener resultados exitosos?

Paciencia, son procesos largos en los que hay que perseverar y construir alianzas ampliadas

Enlace a información adicional

http://www.lavanguardia.com/vida/20170526/422949470379/madrid-quiere-qu…

http://www.redescristianas.net/acabar-con-el-hambre-por-ley-iniciativa-…

Aplicación del derecho a la alimentación a nivel local en zonas rurales andinas de Perú y Bolivia

Entre 2010 y 2015, Prosalus, junto con 6 organizaciones socias locales de Perú y Bolivia, han desarrollado una intervención de fortalecimiento de sociedad civil para el ejercicio del derecho humano a la alimentación en zonas rurales andinas. En la misma han participado más de 3.200 familias de 144 comunidades rurales de seis zonas de ambos países.

La intervención, claramente orientada por el enfoque del derecho a la alimentación, tiene una relación especialmente estrecha con las directrices 6, 8 y 10.

El objetivo general de la intervención era contribuir a hacer efectivo el derecho humano a la salud y a una alimentación adecuada a través de tres componentes:

  1. Acceso a alimentos en cantidad y calidad suficiente mediante la diversificación agropecuaria, promoviendo acceso y gestión sostenible de recursos naturales productivos (directriz 8)
  2. Promoción y prevención de salud familiar y comunitaria con mejoras en acceso a agua para consumo humano y hábitos alimenticios y de higiene saludables (directriz 10).
  3. Fortalecimiento de las organizaciones campesinas e indígenas con participación activa de hombres y mujeres para su incidencia en políticas públicas relacionadas con la SAN y el derecho humano a la alimentación (directriz 6).

Junto a estos tres componentes, se incorporaron dos ejes transversales: equidad de género y sostenibilidad ambiental.

Algunos resultados destacados:

  • Las reducciones de desnutrición crónica infantil conseguidas en estos años oscilan entre los 8 y los 44 puntos porcentuales, dependiendo de las zonas.
  • Se han incorporado 10 alimentos recuperados o nuevos en la agricultura familiar.
  • Se ha incrementado entre un 15 y un 30% la productividad de los cultivos tradicionales.
  • Se han instalado más de 430 hectáreas bajo riego
  • Se han recuperado más de 66 Ha de suelos y se han reforestado 56.
  • El porcentaje de familias con acceso agua segura en sus hogares ha pasado del 22 al 75% y el saneamiento del 47 al 69%.
  • 90% de las familias tienen cocinas mejoradas
  • El porcentaje de mujeres con cargos de decisión en las organizaciones campesinas ha llegado al 30%
  • Las comunidades campesinas han participado en la elaboración de 5 propuestas de cartas orgánicas municipales (en las zonas de trabajo de Bolivia), en dos propuestas de leyes municipales de seguridad alimentaria y en tres propuestas de leyes departamentales de derecho a la alimentación.
  • Se han impulsado espacios de participación de la sociedad civil (mesas distritales contra la pobreza, comités municipales de alimentación y nutrición, consejo provincial de la mujer...)

Detalles de la experiencia, en la sistematización realizada con participación de todas las organizaciones involucradas:

https://prosalus.es/sites/default/files/publicaciones/convenio-prosalus_sistematizacion_0.pdf

Entre 2003 y 2013 Prosalus ha coordinado una campaña de sensibilización e incidencia sobre el derecho humano a la alimentación adecuada. Esta campaña se apoya en el directrices voluntarias, especialmente en las directrices 11 y 19.

Prosalus fue una de las ONG que participó en el Grupo de Trabajo Intergubernamental para la elaboración de las directrices.

Adjunto algunas ideas sobre el desarrollo de esta campaña y sus impactos.

Good nutrition is a human right and the foundation of well-being

Only when a human rights approach is taken will the international community be able to move beyond addressing short term needs to begin tackling the real issues at stake. If the underlying issues are not addressed, sustainable solutions will not be found.

The Voluntary Guidelines for the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security (VGRtF), developed and endorsed by the CFS in 2004, provides a useful tool for States to consider human rights principles when developing strategies, policies, programmes and legislation for achieving food security and nutrition objectives. The VGRtF offers specific recommended actions to improve the nutritional status and well-being of people. These include actions to diversify eating habits, to promote breastfeeding, to disseminate information about the feeding of infants and young children, and to undertake parallel actions in the areas of health, education and sanitation.

Drivers of malnutrition can intersect and overlap, intensifying the exclusion of certain groups of people. These may be difficult for an external audience to address but are intimately understood by those affected. Therefore, creating enabling environments for people, especially marginalised and deprived people, to empower themselves are essential for them to set their own priorities, be equipped to meaningful participate in decision making processes, advise in their implementation and the monitor and evaluate the outcomes to ensure that the benefits reach the intended targets. If this goes ignored, the international community will fail to utilise the local knowledge and expertise available and continue holding people back from reaching their full potential.

The progressive realisation of the right to adequate food requires States to fulfil their human rights obligations under international law. There are several international instruments available in which the progressive realisation of the right of everyone to an adequate standard of living, including adequate food, is enshrined. These include: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, (Art 25), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Art 2 and 11), UN Charter (Art 55 and 56), the Convention of the Rights of the Child, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the four Geneva Conventions and their two Additional Protocols.

Following the human rights based approach, governments have the prime responsibility in creating an enabling environment for nutrition. The central role of the UN system and its specialised agencies is to support governments in this endeavour. The world now has a complete and comprehensive set of nutrition targets and a sustainability agenda that provides social, economic and environmental context in which these nutrition targets should be met. These targets supplement the human rights agenda; specifically the Right to Adequate Food, indicating the responsibilities of governments and the avenue they should take to respect, protect and fulfil the Right to Adequate Food. In addition, high-level political attention for nutrition is increasing, with many governments committed to developing concrete policies and actions. This momentum must be maintained. Many institutes, organisations and individuals have been mobilised for nutrition in several important and influential initiatives, programmes and networks. More are welcome. (UNSCN, 2017)

The UNSCN publication Nutrition and Human Rights (UNSCN, 2002) is one contribution to that effort. Traditionally, deliberations have focused more narrowly on how the nutrition advocates can use the human rights law and institutions more systematically to underpin efforts aimed at bettering human nutrition. The publication helps to provide a better understanding of how the insights and tools of the socially oriented nutrition community can support the identification of ways in which the human rights principles can guide development. The ultimate goal of which being to enhance sustainable positive effects for the human being and for society.

Another contribution from the UNSCN is the discussion paper By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition and leave no one behind (UNSCN, 2017). This text presents the centrality of nutrition in the current sustainable development agenda, of which will only reach the intended target if actions are developed using a human rights framework. It provides an overview of the numerous and inter-related nutrition targets that have been agreed upon by intergovernmental bodies, placing these targets in the context of the SDGs and the Nutrition Decade. It aims to inform nutrition actors, including non-traditional ones, regarding opportunities to be engaged and connected in a meaningful way.

Every man, woman and child has the right to adequate food and nutrition (CESCR, 1999). Good nutrition (as opposed to malnutrition) is included in the human rights to food, the human right to health and is the foundation of human health and wellbeing. It is a moral imperative to work towards the elimination of malnutrition, considering current knowledge, techniques and means of mobilisation and communication. Malnutrition, which includes undernutrition, micronutrient deficiencies, and overweight and obesity, affects all countries regardless of the nature of the malnutrition problem and income levels. Reducing its causes and effects is requisite for achieving the SDGs. Good nutrition is associated with mental acuteness and higher individual earnings. These outcomes in turn support macroeconomic and societal growth. Conversely, malnutrition impairs individual productivity, which acts as a drag on national growth. Malnutrition represents a pernicious, often invisible, impediment to the successful achievement of SDG targets (UNSCN, 2017).

 

UNSCN Secretariat

Title

Community gardens to food democracy: Right to Adequate Food, higher education and awareness raising trough the approach of sustainable food systems in brazilian northeast

Geographical coverage

Regional

Country(ies)/Region(s) covered by the experience

Brazil

Your affiliation

Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte

How have the VGRtF been used in your context? Which specific guidelines of the VGRtF was most relevant to your experience?

The VGRtF were used in our University to develop a framework of actions in education and research functions to heal the professional lack to reach the sustainable development goals at the national and local levels, mainly those related to Right to Food. Our main reference were the Guidilene 11.

Brief description of the experience

The center of the proposal is project of an urban and community garden, with educational purpose (garden-based learning) that favors Non-conventional food plants of Brazilian socio-biodiversity, especially from the caatinga biome, with the objective of developing a sustainable approach to the food system, with support from multiprofessional team. Issues of sovereignty and food and nutritional security are at the heart of this proposal. Urban agriculture provides fresh food, generates employment, recycles urban waste, creates green areas, and strengthens city resilience to climate change. The community component of the project has the purpose to promote popular participation, intensifying mutual aid and social support necessary for the construction of food democracy. The methodological conception that supports the proposal to use the garden with educational purposes has been widely used and fostered under the idea of ​​Garden-based learning (GBL). There is a broad scope of scientific evidence to support its effectiveness, among them: increasing community acceptance for fruits and vegetables, voluntary changes in diet, improved understanding and relation to the environment, promotion of community and social participation, improvement in behavior in general and higher rate of learning when compared to conventional methods of education. The work with Non-conventional food plants (UFP) aims to favor species of the region's biome (caatinga), because they are an accessible food option, adapted to the territory, of high nutritional value and protective of local socio-biodiversity. The garden was implanted on the grounds of a Public School of Nutrition in Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, Northeast Brazil, one of the regions most affected in the country with Food Insecurity. The curricula, especially of Nutrition students, have undergone a reform to welcome the approach. Today, seven curricular components of this course work with GBL. Questions like: what to plant, how to grow, how to process, how to consum and how to develop food education with these plants are the motors of the activity in the garden with the community, connected with the discussions in classes and researches that came with these questions.

Who was involved in the experience?

The project consists of members of the general community who voluntarily wish to participate, members of the university community who constitute a multidisciplinary team to support the project, including: nutritionists, botanists, agronomists, pedagogues and social scientists. The team is connected with the questions from food and nutritional safety council (civil society) of the region and collaborate with the Cooperation Centers for Student Food and Nutrition that provides academic contribution to enhanced management of Brazilian School Nutrition Program, especially to connect family farms and nutritionists to promote the cultivation and purchase of caatinga plants. In the next phase of this project our goals are to work directly with schools in areas of social vulnerability, implanting gardens and developing minimum processed food products with the women from scholar community (mothers, teachers, girls) to generate incomes.

How were those most affected by food insecurity and malnutrition involved?

We made a call using the communication systems of university (radio, electronic informative and websites), built a group in the social network to enroll individual people involved and those enrolled in civil society organization and, mainly, we receive directly demands by people enrolled in community projects, brazilian school nutrition program and professionals brazilian public service health care.

Main activities

We developed with the community:

These courses: I cycle of discussions on food and nutritional security, Cinema à la carte II: human right to adequate food in focus, Introduction to Permaculture and Agroecology for Nutrition, Geoculinary and literature: territory, food and culture for food and nutritional security, Planning, implementation and maintenance techniques of community gardens for Nutrition, Non-Conventional Food Plants in practice: reconnecting Botany and Nutrition;

These events: We are all for all! Violence against women: reports and experiences and I Cycle of debate on sustainable food systems for food and nutrition security

These activities: assemblies to make decisions and plan the implementation of the garden, its implementation and launch and biweekly we are pulling together to maintain it.

We developed and manage, in order to make built permanent networks: a website http://nutrir.com.vc, an Instagram @nutrirhorta, an Whatssapp group, an Facebook group (Grupo Horta Nutrir), an email list

We developed with the multiprofessional team: several meetings to make the courses and events institutionally feasible, rethink and redesign curriculas, wirting projects to obtain resources to keep developing the activities, to collect demands from others projects, and to run specific research with the questions brought by the garden. For instance: 1- research to carry out surveys of plants with edible potential in caatinga conservation units; 2 - to construct diagnoses with a survey of the main obstacles to the purchase of family farming in school feeding of municipalities with difficulties to obtain the minimum 30% determined by law n. 11947/2009.

Timeframe

Our first activity in this project were in April, 2017 and it is still ongoing.

Results obtained/expected in the short term, with quantitative aspects where feasible (estimate of the number of people that have been or will be affected)

About our process in total we developed and built:

15 face-to-face activities, already detailed, involving 630 people and

5 virtual spaces to communicate directly with 500 people

Results obtained/expected in the medium to long term, with quantitative aspects where feasible (estimate the number of people that have been or will be affected)

About our results we have today:

1 community garden (10x10m)

1 permanent project with the community in the garden

50 species with several varieties (many varieties of pepper, corn, basils and amaranths, for instance) in the garden

10 of these species are officialy recognized as native species of the brazilian sociobiodiversity with food interest by Interministerial Portfolio n. 163/2016

1 Survey of traditional uses of species (ethnobotany)

7 curricula components working with garden-based learning

2 new curricula components specifically toughed to heal the professional lack to reach the SGD at the national and local levels, mainly those related to Right to Food

Results obtained – most significant changes to capture

Reported changes in the conception of the group of professors and students involved about multiprofessional and transdisciplinary work. Changes reported by the community, mostly urban, about its conception of food production. Enlargement of community knowledge about species of Brazilian socio-biodiversity. Invite to participate in the construction of the environmental policy of university bringing the experience of community gardens to all university (ongoing). Invite to report the experience of this project at the Journal of the Federal Council of Nutritionists as a form to multiply the experience.

What are the key catalysts that influenced the results?

Institutional support from Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte; multi-sectoral approach; inclusiveness and participation and evidence-based analysis

What are the major constraints/challenges for achieving the Right to Food?

The fragile moment of the brazilian democracy impacts the perceptions of citizenship of our participants and mainly the resources that came from the public policies of food and nutrition, mainly for women, native populations and others vulnerable and marginalized people and groups. Lack of professional with post-graduate level course able to develop mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the implementation of Right to Food in the glocal and local contexts.

What mechanisms have been developed to monitor the Right to Food?

Observation of the number of species of sociobiodiversity in the region and in the garden according to the Interministerial Portfolio n. 163/2016 and ethnobotany surveys, realization of scientific divulgation of the survey of plants of caatinga biome and observation of the inclusion of this plants in school feeding menus, observation the the percentual of purchase of family farming in school feeding of municipalities according to the law n. 11947/2009. Since we began with the “garden process” we have met several local researches, of multiple areas, interested in the topic of Right to Adequate Food. Now we are trying to connect our demands to create, in 2018, of a Laboratory of Community Action Research Towards Right to Food to develop monitoring, indicators and benchmarks to establish mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the implementation of these guidelines towards the progressive realization of the right to adequate food in the context of national food security.

What good practices would you recommend for successful results?

Participation of all relevant actors in the decision-making process, including curricula reform. Cooperation with other universities, mainly from Latin America and Caribbean, which are countries with similar historical democratic fragilities and, consequently, in their food systems. Report periodically to share and to incorporate feedbacks in the approach.

Links to additional information

Project’s web site: http://nutrir.com.vc

Instragram’s web site: @nutrirhorta

Facebook’s group: Horta Comunitária Nutrir

UFRN page of Comunity Garden: https://sigaa.ufrn.br/sigaa/link/public/extensao/visualizacaoAcaoExtens…