This report presents estimates of the additional investments required to achieve the objective of zero hunger worldwide by 2030, through the elimination of extreme poverty. To this end, a twin-track approach involving social protection transfers and targeted pro-poor investments in productive activities is proposed.

A baseline “business as usual” (BAU) scenario is contrasted with a scenario where investments in social protection programmes are expected to quickly lift people out of extreme poverty and hunger, while additional targeted pro-poor investments in productive activities are expected to enable higher income and employment growth for the poor. The types of investments required and priority areas for resource mobilization focused on agriculture are also highlighted.