FAO.org

The fisheries of Lake Victoria have undergone very substantial changes in recent years owing, in particular, to the rapid proliferation of the introduced Nile perch (Lates niloticus). There has been intense controversy over the impact of this introduced predator species on the fisheries of Lake Victoria, especially with respect to the ecological disruption caused on endemic species and its possibly adverse socio-economic consequences.

The present review of the socio-economic aspects of the evolution of the Nile perch fishery shows the impact of Nile perch to have been both profound and ambiguous. Globally, the Nile perch fishery has been so far an exceedingly positive development from an economic benefit and food resource point of view. On the other hand, some serious issues warrant careful consideration and further analysis. These relate to the distribution of benefits, especially with respect to the relative role of artisanal and larger-scale fishery operations, and to the fundamental question of sustainability. It is suggested that, under proper management, the fisheries of Lake Victoria and the Nile perch fishery in particular, could continue to provide high yields and substantial benefits for the riparian communities concerned.