Herbs, spices and essential oils: post-harvest operations in developing countries: App.I, table 2b

Appendix I: Spice and Essential Oil Products and their Growing Regions

Table 2b: Spice and Essential oil crop products from leaves and stems for world climate zones (Köppen's)

Species	Common Name	Family	Habit	Plant part(s) used as source(s) of product	Product 1	Climate Zone 2
Conyza canadensis	Horse weed	Asteraceae	Annual herb	Aerial parts	EO	Do, Dc
Coriandrum sativum	Coriander	Apiaceae	Annual herb	Fruits, Leaf	S, EO, O, E	Aw, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc
Crithmum maritimum	Samphire (sea fennel)	Apiaceae	Perennial herb	Leaf	S, EO	Do
Cupressus sempervirens	Italian Cypress	Cupressaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, bark	EO	Cs, Do
Cymbopogon citratus	Lemon Grass	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar, Cs
Cymbopogon flexuosus	Lemon Grass	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar, Cf
Cymbopogon jwarancusa	Lemon Grass	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Bs*
Cymbopogon martinii	Ginger Grass	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar*
Cymbopogon nardus	Citronella ( Sri Lanka )	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar, Cs
Cymbopogon pendulus	Lemon Grass	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar*
Cymbopogon winterianus	Citronella ( Indonesia )	Poaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar*
Dimocarpus longan	Longan	Sapindaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, flowers	S	Aw, Ar, Cf, Cw
Elsholtzia ciliata	Vietnamese balm	Lamiaceae	Annual herb	Aerial parts	EO	Aw, Bs, Cf, Cs, Do*
Eriocephalus punctulatus	Cape chamomile	Asteraceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves	EO	Bs, Cf*
Eruca vesicaria	Rocket	Brassicaceae	Annual herb	Leaves, seed	S	Bs, Cs
Eucalyptus citriodora	Spotted Gum	Myrtaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO	Aw, Cf, Cs, Cw
Eucalyptus globulus	Blue Gum	Myrtaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO	Cf, Cs, Cw, Do
Gaultheria procumbens	Wintergreen	Ericaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaf	S, EO	Bs, Cf, Dc*
Geranium macrorrhizum	Cranesbill	Geraniaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves, roots	EO	Cf, Cs, Dc, Do*
Glechoma hederacea	Ground Ivy	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	S	Cs, Do, Dc
Hedeoma pulegioides	American pennyroyal	Lamiaceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Cf, Dc*
Houttuynia cordata	Tsi	Saururaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	S	Aw, Ar, Cf*
Hyssopus officinalis	Hyssop	Lamiaceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	S, EO,	Bs, Cs, Do, Dc
Ilex paraguariensis	Mate	Aquifoliaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	S, EO	Aw, Cf, Cw
Juniperus virginiana	Eastern Red cedar	Cupressaceae	Perennial tree	Heartwood, leaves	EO	Cf, Dc, Do*
Laurus nobilis	Bay Laurel	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, berry	S, EO, O	Aw, Ar, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Dw
Lavandula angustifolia	Lavander	Lamiaceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Lavandula intermedia	Lavandin	Lamiaceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Bs, Cs
Lepidium sativum	Cress	Brassicaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	S	Aw, Bs, Cf, Dc, Do*
Levisticum officinale	Lovage	Apiaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts, seeds, roots	S, EO	Do, Dc, Dw
Lindera benzoin	Spice bush	Lauraceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves, twigs	S, EO	Cf, Dc*
Lippia graveolens	Mexican sage	Verbenaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves	S, EO	Aw, Ar, Bs*
Marrubium vulgare	Horehound	Lamiaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaf	S, EO	Cf, Cs, Cw, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Matricaria chamomilla	Chamomile	Asteraceae	Annual herb	Leaves, Flowers	EO	Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Melaleuca quinquenervia	Cajeput	Myrtaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar, Cf
Melissa officinalis	Lemon Balm	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	S, EO	Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw

1 The product classification used is: A: absolute; C: concrete; E: extract; EO: essential oil; R: resin; S: spice (or herb).

2 The climate biome classifications as per FAO website ( http://ecocrop.fao.org ) are: Ar: tropical wet, Aw: tropical wet & dry, Bw: desert or arid, Bs: steppe or semiarid, Cf: subtropical humid, Cs: subtropical dry summer, Cw: subtropical dry winter, Dc: temperate continental, Df: temperate with humid winters, Do: temperate oceanic, Dw: temperate with dry winters, E: boreal.

When the species did not have a biome requirement listed on the FAO ecocrop web site, this was estimated by the authors and acknowledged with an asterisk.