Appendix I: Spice and Essential Oil Products and their Growing Regions

Table 1c: Spice and Essential oil crop products from fruits and seeds for world climate zones (Kőppens)

Species

Common Name

Family

Habit

Plant part(s) used as source(s) of product

Product 1

Climate Zone 2

Piper nigrum

Pepper

Piperaceae

Perennial vine

Fruits

S, EO, O

Aw, Ar

Piper species

Pepper

Piperaceae

Perennial shrubs/vines

Fruits

S. EO

Aw, Ar*

Prunus dulcis

Almond

Rosaceae

Perennial tree

Seed kernel

S, EO, O

Bw, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw

Prunus mahaleb

Mahaleb cherry

Rosaceae

Perennial tree

Seeds

S

Cf, Dc, Do*

Psidium guajava

Guava

Myrtaceae

Perennial tree

Fruit, leaves

EO

Aw, Ar, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw

Punica granatum

Pomegranate

Punicaceae

Perennial tree

Seed

S

Aw, Ar, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw

Sambucus nigra

Elder

Caprifoliaceae

Perennial tree

Flowers, fruit

S

Aw, Cs, Cw, Do, Dc

Schinus molle

Pepper tree

Anacardiaceae

Perennial tree

Fruit Leaves

S, EO

Aw, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw

Schinus terebenthifolius

Brazillian pepper

Anacardiaceae

Perennial tree

Fruit

S

Aw, Ar , Cf *

Sesamum indicum

Sesame

Pedaliaceae

Annual herb

Seeds

S, E

Aw, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw

Sinapis alba

White mustard

Brassicaceae

Annual herb

Seed

S

Bs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw, E

Smyrnium olusatrum

Alexanders

Apiacea

Biennial herb

Leaves, seed

S

Bs, Cs, Do*

Tamarindus indica

Tamarind

Cesalpiniaceae

Perennial tree

Fruits

S

Aw, Bs, Cf, Cs

Trachyspermum copticum

Ajowan caraway

Apiaceae

Annual herb

Fruits

S, EO

Bs, Cs*

Trigonella caerulea

Blue fenugreek

Fabaceae

Annual herb

Leaf, seed

S

Bs, Cf, Cs, Dc, Do*

Trigonella foenum-graecum

Fenugreek

Fabaceae

Annual herb

Seed

S, EO, O

Aw, Bs, Cs, Do

Vanilla planifolia

Vanilla

Orchidaceae

Perennial herb

Fruits

S, EO, R, E,

Aw, Ar

Xylopia aethiopica

Ethiopian pepper

Annonaceae

Perennial tree

Fruit

S

Aw*

Zanthoxylum piperitum

Sichuan pepper

Rutaceae

Perennial tree

Fruits

S, EO

Aw, Cf*

1 The product classification used is: A: absolute; C: concrete; E: extract; EO: essential oil; R: resin; S: spice (or herb).

2 The climate biome classifications as per FAO website ( http://ecocrop.fao.org ) are: Ar: tropical wet, Aw: tropical wet & dry, Bw: desert or arid, Bs: steppe or semiarid, Cf: subtropical humid, Cs: subtropical dry summer, Cw: subtropical dry winter, Dc: temperate continental, Df: temperate with humid winters, Do: temperate oceanic, Dw: temperate with dry winters, E: boreal.

When the species did not have a biome requirement listed on the FAO ecocrop web site, this was estimated by the authors and acknowledged with an asterisk.