Herbs, spices and essential oils: post-harvest operations in developing countries: App.I, table 2a

Appendix I: Spice and Essential Oil Products and their Growing Regions

Table 2a: Spice and Essential oil crop products from leaves and stems for world climate zones (Köppen's)

Species	Common Name	Family	Habit	Plant part(s) used as source(s) of product	Product 1	Climate Zone 2
Abies alba	Silver Fir	Pinaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO,	Do, Dc
Abies balsamea	Balsam Fir	Pinaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO, R	Do, Dc, E
Acinos alpinus	Alpine calamint	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Bs, Cs, Dc, Do*
Acinos suaveolens	‘Mint’	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	EO	Bs, Cs, Dc, Do*
Aeolanthus gamwelliae	Nindi	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	EO	Aw, Ar
Agastache foeniculum	Anise hyssop	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	EO	Do, Dc
Agastache rugosa	Korean mint	Lamiaceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	S, EO	Dc, E*
Agathosma betulina	Buchu	Rutaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves	EO	Cf*
Agathosma crenulata	Buchu Long Leaf	Rutaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves	EO	Cf*
Allium ascalonicum	Shallot	Alliaceae	Perennial herb	leaf/bulb	S	Aw, Ar, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Allium fistulosum	Welsh onion	Alliaceae	Perennial herb	Leaf, bulb	S	Aw, Cf, Do, Dc, E
Allium porrum	Leek	Alliaceae	Biennial herb	Leaves	S, EO	Cf, Cs, Do, Dc*
Allium tuberosum	Chinese chives	Alliaceae	Perennial herb	Leaves	S	Aw, Ar, Bs, Cf, Cs, Cw, Do, Dc, Df, Dw, E
Aloysia triphylla	Lemon verbena	Verbenaceae	Perennial shrub	Leaves	S, EO, O, C, A	Aw, Cs, Do
Anethum graveolens	Dill	Apiaceae	Annual herb	Leaves, Seeds	S, EO, O, C, A	Aw, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw, E
Anthriscus cerefolium	Chervil	Apiaceae	Annual herb	Aerial parts	S, EO	Bs, Do
Apium graveolens	Celery	Apiaceae	Biennial herb	Aerial parts, Seeds	S, EO, O	Aw, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw, E
Artemisia abrotanum	Southernwood	Asteraceaee	Perennial shrub	Leaf	S	Bs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Artemisia absinthium	Wormwood	Asteraceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	EO	Do, Dc
Artemisia annua	sweet wormwood	Asteraceae	Annual herb	Aerial parts	EO	Aw, Bs, Cf, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw*
Artemisia dracunculus	Russian tarragon	Asteraceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	S, EO, O	Bw, Bs, Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw
Artemisia herba-alba	Wormwood	Asteraceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Bs, Bw, Cs*
Artemisia maritima	Sea wormwood	Asteraceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Cf, Cs*
Artemisia pallens	Davana	Asteraceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO	Aw, Ar*
Artemisia vulgaris	Mugwort	Asteraceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	S, EO	Cf, Cs, Dc, Do, E*
Balsamita major	Costmary	Asteraceae	Perennial herb	Aerial parts	EO	Bs, Cs, Dc, Do*
Chamaecyparis obtusa	Hinoki Cypress	Cupressaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, wood	EO	Cf*
Cinnamomum burmannii	Indonesian Cassia	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, bark	S, EO	Ar
Cinnamomum camphora	Camphor	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, wood	S, EO	Aw, Ar, Cf, Cs, Cw
Cinnamomum cassia	Chinese cinnamon	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	S, EO	Ar, Cf, Cw
Cinnamomum loureirii	Vietnamese Cassia	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves , Bark	S, EO	Aw, Ar, Cf
Cinnamomum tamala	Indian Cassia	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, bark	S, EO	Aw, Ar*
Cinnamomum verum	Cinnamon	Lauraceae	Perennial tree	Leaves, bark	S, EO, O	Ar, Cf
Cistus ladaniferus	Labdanum	Cistaceae	Perennial shrub	Aerial parts	EO, E	Bs, Cs*
Clausena anisata	Clausena	Rutaceae	Perennial tree	Leaves	EO	Aw, Ar*
Cnicus benedictus	Blessed thistle	Asteraceaee	Annual herb	Aerial parts	S, EO	Cs, Do, Dc, Df, Dw

1 The product classification used is: A: absolute; C: concrete; E: extract; EO: essential oil; R: resin; S: spice (or herb).

2 The climate biome classifications as per FAO website ( http://ecocrop.fao.org ) are: Ar: tropical wet, Aw: tropical wet & dry, Bw: desert or arid, Bs: steppe or semiarid, Cf: subtropical humid, Cs: subtropical dry summer, Cw: subtropical dry winter, Dc: temperate continental, Df: temperate with humid winters, Do: temperate oceanic, Dw: temperate with dry winters, E: boreal.

When the species did not have a biome requirement listed on the FAO ecocrop web site, this was estimated by the authors and acknowledged with an asterisk.