Appendix II: Trade in Spices and Essential Oils
Table 9a. Traded quantities and values of some essential oils. NB: data are from pre-1993
Essential oil |
Species |
Family |
Volume (t) |
Value (US$000) |
Value/ton (US$000) |
Orange |
Citrus sinensis |
Rutaceae |
26,000 |
58500 |
2.3 |
Cornmint |
Mentha arvensis L. f. piperascens |
Lamiaceae |
4,300 |
34400 |
8.0 |
Eucalyptus cineole-type |
Eucalyptus globulus , E. polybractea and other Eucalyptus spec ies |
Myrtaceae |
3,728 |
29800 |
8.0 |
Citronella |
Cymbopogon species winterianus and C. nardus e |
Poaceae |
2,830 |
10800 |
3.8 |
Peppermint |
Mentha x piperita . |
Lamiaceae |
2,367 |
28400 |
12.0 |
Lemon |
Citrus limon . |
Rutaceae |
2,158 |
21600 |
10.0 |
Eucalyptus citronellal-type |
Eucalyptus citriodora . |
Myrtaceae |
2,092 |
7300 |
3.5 |
Clove leaf |
Syzygium aromaticum |
Myrtaceae |
1,915 |
7700 |
4.0 |
Cedarwood (US) |
Juniperus virginiana . and J. ashei |
Cupressaceae |
1,640 |
9800 |
6.0 |
Litsea cubeba |
Litsea cubeba . |
Lauraceae |
1,005 |
17100 |
17.0 |
Sassafras ( Brazil ) |
Ocotea pretiosa |
Lauraceae |
1,000 |
4000 |
4.0 |
Lime distilled ( Brazil ) |
Citrus aurantifolia |
Rutaceae |
973 |
7300 |
7.5 |
Native spearmint |
Mentha spicata . |
Lamiaceae |
851 |
17000 |
20.0 |
Cedarwood (Chinese) |
Chamaecyparis funebris |
Cupressaceae |
800 |
3200 |
4.0 |
Lavandin |
Lavandula intermedia |
Lamiaceae |
768 |
6100 |
7.9 |
Sassafras (Chinese) |
Cinnamomum micranthum |
Lauraceae |
750 |
3000 |
4.0 |
Camphor |
Cinnamomum camphora |
Lauraceae |
725 |
3600 |
5.0 |
Coriander |
Coriandrum sativum . |
Apiaceae |
710 |
49700 |
70.0 |
Grapefruit |
Citrus paradisi |
Rutaceae |
694 |
13900 |
20.0 |
Patchouli |
Pogostemon cablin |
Lamiaceae |
563 |
6800 |
12.1 |
Scotch spearmint |
Mentha gracilis |
Lamiaceae |
530 |
10600 |
20.0 |
Lavender |
Lavandula angustifolia . |
Lamiaceae |
362 |
7200 |
19.9 |
Rosemary |
Rosmarinus officinalis . |
Lamiaceae |
295 |
3500 |
11.9 |
Sweet fennel |
Foeniculum vulgare |
Apiaceae |
255 |
7700 |
30.2 |
Dill weed |
Anethum graveolens . |
Apiaceae |
114 |
800 |
7.0 |
Clary sage |
Salvia sclarea . |
Lamiaceae |
70 |
5600 |
80.0 |
Spike lavender |
Lavandula latifolia |
Lamiaceae |
64 |
1000 |
15.6 |
Marjoram |
Origanum majorana . |
Lamiaceae |
62 |
1200 |
19.4 |
Ocimum |
Ocimum gratissimum |
Lamiaceae |
50 |
800 |
16.0 |
Basil |
Ocimum basilicum . |
Lamiaceae |
43 |
2800 |
65.1 |
Sage |
Salvia officinalis . |
Lamiaceae |
35 |
1800 |
51.4 |
Armoise |
Artemisia herba-alba |
Asteraceae |
32 |
1100 |
34.4 |
Celery seed |
Apium graveolens . |
Apiaceae |
30 |
1500 |
50.0 |
Thyme |
Thymus zygis . and T. vulgaris species . |
Lamiaceae |
29 |
1500 |
51.7 |
Caraway |
Carum carvi . |
Apiaceae |
29 |
1000 |
34.5 |
Bitter fennel |
Foeniculum vulgare |
Apiaceae |
28 |
700 |
25.0 |
Anise |
Pimpinella anisum . |
Apiaceae |
26 |
700 |
26.9 |
Ajowan |
Trachyspermum copticum |
Apiaceae |
25 |
300 |
12.0 |
Indian dill seed |
Anethum sowa . |
Apiaceae |
25 |
100 |
4.0 |
European dill seed |
Anethum graveolens |
Apiaceae |
23 |
200 |
8.7 |
Cumin |
Cuminum cyminum . |
Apiaceae |
15 |
900 |
60.0 |
Tagetes |
Tagetes minuta . |
Asteraceae |
12 |
1200 |
100.8 |
Tarragon |
Artemisia dracunculus . |
Asteraceae |
10 |
800 |
80.8 |
Carrot seed |
Daucus carota . |
Apiaceae |
9 |
1230 |
139.8 |
Parsley seed |
Petroselinum crispum |
Apiaceae |
8 |
1162 |
140.0 |
Roman chamomile |
Anthemis nobilis . |
Asteraceae |
6 |
3600 |
600.0 |
Source: [22]