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Waterlogging & Salinity
Arsenic Contamination
Treated Wastewater Reuse
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- Conducted preliminary environmental risk analysis of heavy metal
mine spill in Macedonia affecting irrigation water and recommended efforts
in clean-up activities and monitoring programme.
- Built pig farm wastewater treatment plant in Mexico with the objective
to test innovative technologies by means of hydrophytes and promote
reuse of the treated effluent for irrigation.
- FAO acted as executing agency on an UNDP funded project in 1988 on
reuse of wastewater for agriculture in Morocco.
- FAO Technical Cooperation Programme financed a regional project involving
Cyprus, Egypt and Jordan on wastewater treatment and reuse with main
objective in improving efficiency of water use for crop production,
through proper treatment of sewage effluent for irrigation. The Project
main outputs included substantial training, technical assistance in
participating countries, demonstration sites, and equipment for quality
testing and monitoring.
- Supported the government of Chile through an one-year international
project in evaluating the impact of microbial contamination in irrigation
water. The principal objectives of the project were: to evaluate the
existing levels of contamination; develop a database that could be used
as a basis to control contaminated water use in vegetable production;
and to propose a certification system that could be used to promote
safe production areas for both internal and international markets.
- Assisted policy formulation and demonstration of sustainable reuse
of wastewater in Egypt with the objectives in formulation of a national
policy and strategy for comprehensive management of treated wastewater;
establishment of a 5-ha wastewater reuse farm; and built national capacity
in wastewater management.
- Assisted water resources in a land and water conservation project
in Yemen with enhancement of policy and institutional building in the
field of wastewater treatment and reuse in agriculture. This project
started in 1995 with funding from World Bank/IDA.
- FAO provided technical assistance in watershed management and wastewater
reuse in peri-urban areas of Yemen. Started in 1998, the project was
implemented with participation of grassroots communities and created
awareness among farmers on risks of using untreated wastewater in agriculture.
The project developed a long-term monitoring program and prepared manuals
for plant operators.
- Formulated a project in Syria with objectives for comprehensive management
of water resources and wastewater; established a 10-ha wastewater reuse
pilot area; built national capacity for the safe and efficient reuse
of treated wastewater in agriculture through training and monitoring
programme.
- Guided the government of Pakistan in agri-business development specifically on hydroponic industry and high-efficiency irrigation systems, addressed public and private stakeholders, and the challenges envisaged in terms of potential constraints, competition, markets and sales, production, and other resources and skills associated with agri-industry development and water resources allocation.
- Designed coastal groundwater quality and quantity monitoring due to excessive fertilizer leaching in Sri Lanka where groundwater impacts drinking water and sustainable agricultural production systems.
- Identified risks and benefits associated with the use of wastewater in urban and peri-urban fodder and vegetable cropping systems in an FAO interdisciplinary action programme - Food for the Cities - where wastewater is largely untreated due to lack of public finance. Assisted in combining field and laboratory methods and structured interactions with producers, consumers, and authorities of urban planning, public health and water management in safe management of food and food processing through safe use of wastewater in agriculture.
- Provided Unilateral Trust Fund project support in water quality & sanitation and environment in Morocco, Qatar, Kuwait, as well as issues of groundwater depletion and restoration.
- Assisted in heavy metal risk assessment and food transference of arsenic from arsenic-contaminated irrigation water in Bangladesh.
- Assessed salinity of the soil and ground water wells for the Tsunami-hit countries as high quantities of salt will impact growth of most crops. Field guides are published to provide farmers, non-governmental organizations and agriculture experts valuable information on soil salinity.
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