Asia

Table 4.1.1: Source and type of organic manure used on-farm in the Asia Pacific Region > 4.1 > 4. > menu



Manure obtained from within the farm household system

Manure obtained from off-farm sources

`Night Soil'

Dung from pigs, poultry, rabbits, cattle, buffalo, goats, sheep etc

Livestock bedding

Crop residues (e.g. rice straw, maize stover, groundnut haulms, soya bean stems and husks, coffee berry pulp, coconut leaves and husks)

Green manure crops grown in the paddy fields (e.g. azolla, sesbania)

Green manure crops grown in the dryland fields, orchards and plantations (e.g. common milk vetch, desmodium, stylosanthes, wynn cassia)

Green manure plants growing on terrace banks, field margins and contour hedgerows (e.g. Lespedeza bicolor, Rudbeekia laciniata, Leucaena leucocephala, Flamengia congesta)

Leaf litter from trees planted or growing naturally within the crop lands

Kitchen waste

Stove ash

a) Purchased and/or Requiring Hired Transport

Urban refuse

`silt' from prawn/fish ponds

`silt' from sugar factory settling ponds

Manure from commercial piggeries and chicken farms and other large scale livestock enterprises

Soya bean cake residues

 

b) Gathered Free

Forest litter

Natural grasses, ferns and other herbaceous growth in forest/waste land