The FAO’s Bioenergy and Food Security Criteria and Indicators (BEFSCI) project has compiled a set of thirty relevant and methodologies that can be used assess, during both planning and monitoring,the main environmental and socioeconomic impacts of bioenergy. The results can development of a sustainable bioenergy sustainable operations. Modern bioenergy development, through its environmental and socio-economic impacts, may have positive or negative effects (both direct and indirect) on the four dimensions of food security: availability, access, utilization and stability. For instance, bioenergy may create new employment and incomegenerating opportunities, with positive effects on people’s access to food. At the same time, if good practices are not implemented,bioenergy production may lead to negative impacts, for example,on the productive capacity of land or on water availability and quality, with negative repercussions for food security.