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 This section is meant to provide a forum to learn from
each other’s experiences gained through the practical application of
participatory processes within projects or programmes
in different sectors.
Examples of
successful application as well as information regarding difficulties
and obstacles when applying participatory approaches are
presented.
Emphasis shall
be given to those conclusions, recommendations and lessons learned,
which may help others avoid the repetition of mistakes and build on
achievements and best practises.
The Lessons
Learned texts, which are presented directly under this section, just
give a brief introduction to the project/topic and include the
respective lessons text as formulated by the authors. If available,
online links to the full document describing these Lessons Learned
are provided.
Do you want to share your own Lessons Learned at this site?
If you want to contribute to this section, you may present Lessons Learned:
- during a certain project while applying a certain approach/method/tool
- in a certain sector/on a certain topic
connected to the application of participatory methodologies.
There is no standard format you have to follow when publishing your Lessons Learned. Nevertheless, it would be helpful to have a text of not more than 4-6 pages to be published under this site or a link to a document already online.
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Topic:
Lessons learned in how to select female beneficiaries for the FAO gender project ”Support to household food security and income generation through bio-intensive backyard agricultural production and cottage industry activities for women” (OSRO/GAZ/602/NOR)
Based on:
FAO project ”Support to household food security and income generation through bio-intensive backyard agricultural production and cottage industry activities for women” (OSRO/GAZ/602/NOR).
FAO project "Emergency support and employment generation for female-headed households through backyard farming and cottage industry in the West Bank and Gaza Strip" (OSRO/GAZ/703/ SPA)
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Author:
Intissar Eshtayeh, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Rosalind Earis, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
 Selection/Involvement of women beneficiaries in food security projects
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Topic:
Stakeholder perceptions and participation in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Public consultation process regarding the labelling of genetically modified foods
Based on:
Albert, J.,Labeling of Genetically Modified Foods: Stakeholder Perceptions of the Food and Drug Administration’s Public Consultation Processes and Food Industry Reactions to the United States Voluntary and European Union Mandatory Policies, PhD dissertation in Food Policy and Applied Nutrition, Tufts University Boston (Massachusetts), 2007.
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Author:
Janice Albert, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Public consultation processes:
- public meetings
- public comments
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Topic:
Gender equity and rural enterprises
Based on:
Vargas-Lundius, R.; Ypeij, A., Polishing the stone. A journey through the promotion of gender equality in development projects IFAD, 2007 (English)
Vargas-Lundius, R.; Ypeij, A.,Puliendo la piedra,Un recorrido por la promoción de la igualdad de género en los proyectos de desarrollo, FIDA, 2007 (Español)
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Author:
Rosemary Vargas-Lundius, IFAD, Rome (Italy)
Annelou Ypeij, Inter-university Centre for Latin American Research and Documentation, Amsterdam (Netherlands)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Female labour force participation
Women's micro-enterprise development
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Topic:
The negotiated and participatory land delimitation of the San Community, Angola
Based on Cenerini, C., Access to information and institutions. Tales from Angola: San Land Rights in Huila Province, FAO-NRLA, Rome 2007 (forthcoming)
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Author:
Carolina Cenerini, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Participatory land delimitation
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Topic:
Lessons learned on the impact of education on female labour force participation and fertility in Ghana
Harry A. Sackey, Female labour force participation in Ghana: the effects of education, AERC Research Paper 150 , African Economic Research Consortium, Nairobi , September 2005
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Author:
Harry A. Sackey, Harry A. Sackey, Vancouver Island University (formerly Malaspina), Nanaimo, British Columbia (Canada)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Female labour force participation
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Topic:
Community-driven development: how can individuals, community-based workers (CBWs) and institutions work effectively in partnership?
Based on BCID Research Briefing, December 2007
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Author:
Bradford Centre for International Development (BCID)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Community Driven Development (CDD)
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Topic:
Collective Action for Smallholder Market Access: improving market access for the rural poor
Based on Markelova H.; Hellin J.; Meinzen-Dick R.; Dohrn, S., Collective Action for Smallholder Market Access, in Food Policy, special issue on Collective Action and Market Access for Smallholders, 2008 (forthcoming).
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Authors:
Helen Markelova, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)
Jonathan Hellin, CIMMYT (CGIAR), Mexico City (Mexico)
Ruth Meinzen-Dick, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)
Stephan Dohrn, IFPRI (CGIAR), Washington, DC (USA)
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Group promotion
Collective action for market access
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Topic:
Successful involvement of local communities in conservation programmes for Malayan mahseer in River Kinabatangan of Sabah
Based on Credit and microfinance needs in inland capture fisheries development and conservation in Asia, Tietze, U.; Siar, S.V.; Marmulla, G.; van Anrooy, R ., FAO Fisheries Technical Papers T460 (Chapter VII).
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Authors:
Mahyam Mohd. Isa
Jephrin Wong
Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Tagal system
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Topic:
Indigenous Women and the United Nations System.
Good practices and lessons learned
Based on
Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Indigenous Women and the United Nations System. Good Practices and Lessons Learned, 2007.
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Authors:
Secretariat of the Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues for the Task Force on Indigenous Women/Inter-Agency
Network on Women and Gender Equality
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Topic:
Participation: a tool for sustainable territorial development
Based on the outcomes of the Territorial Development Meeting, 8 June 2007 (FAO Headquarters, Rome), organised by FAO-NRLA.
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Authors:
Paolo Groppo, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Massimo Rossi, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Carolina Cenerini, FAO, Rome (Italy)
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Topic:
Use of participatory methods for active involvement of all partners in communication
Based on the results of an inter-institutional expert consultation workshop organized by FAO and GTZ.
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Authors:
Riccardo Del Castello, FAO, Rome (Italy)
Paul Mathias Braun, GTZ-Eschborn (Germany)
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Topic:
Participatory Research Approaches - What have we learned?
The experience of the DFID Renewable Natural Resources Research Strategy (RNRRS) Programme 1995-2005 |
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Authors:
Neiland, Arthur E.; Bennett, Elizabeth; Townsley, Philip
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Topic:
Participatory Forest Management in Tanzania (PFM)
Authors:
Tom Blomley, Participatory Forest Management Adviser, Forestry and Beekeeping Division, Dar es Salaam
Hadija Ramadhani, Forest Officer (Extension) within the Extension and Publicity Unit of the same Division |
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Participatory Forest Management (PFM)
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Topic:
International Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (ICARRD)
FAO Service:
Rural Development Division (SDA)
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Electronic conferences (before the Conference)
Consultative processes (before the Conference)
Special Thematic Sessions (during the Conference)
Panel discussions (during the Conference)
Plenary sessions (during the Conference)
Forum (during the Conference) |
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Topic:
Participatory methods to assess traditional breeding systems: The case of cattle breeding in The Gambia
Author:
Mirjam Steglich and Kurt J. Peters
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
group discussions
focus group
participatory survey
Matrix rating technique
assessment of local institutions and organizations
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Topic:
Citizen Participation in Lempira Sur
Author:
Tomás Lindemann
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FAO Service:
Rural Institutions and Participation Service (SDAR) |
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Participatory diagnosis workshops
Participatory Rural Appraisal
Promotion of interest groups
Creation of Community Development Committees (CODECO)
Constitutional tools such as plebiscite, referendum, etc.
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Topic:
Active Participation of the farmer community in the Livestock Disease Surveillance Program in District Sahiwal Punjab (Pakistan)
Author:
Dr. Muhammad Rasheed
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Discussion groups
Identification of livestock diseases through pictures, cartoons and diagrams
Participatory Epidemiology
Proportional Piling
Village/area Mapping
Seasonal Calendar
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Topic:
Lessons learned by the WIN project on livelihoods diversification and enterprise development: An overview of WIN LDED-related activities in Cambodia , Nepal and Zambia , Livelihoods Support Programme (LSP), Working Paper 19
Lessons from WIN Cambodia
Lessons from WIN Nepal
Lessons from WIN Zambia
Author:
Karlyn Eckman
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FAO Services:
Water Resources, Development and Management Service (AGLW)
Agricultural Management, Marketing and Finance Service (AGSF)
Nutrition Programmes Service (ESNP) |
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Participatory Methodology/Approaches:
Participatory Rapid Appraisal (PRA)
Training of Trainers (TOT) workshops
Participatory extension
Community action planning
Group formation
Participatory Rural Assessments (PRAs)
Grassroots mobilization
Group development
Group discussions
Participatory M&E
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Project:
Improving
Household Food Security and Nutrition in the Luapula Valley,
Zambia (GCP/ZAM/052/BEL)
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| Participatory
Methodology/Approaches: |
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Participatory
Rural Appraisal (PRA) |
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Community
Action Planning (CAP) |
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Participatory
M&E |
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Participatory
Beneficiary Assessment | |
A case study based on the experiences of the
above mentioned project, providing 7 Lessons Learned
Topics |
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Authors:
Ellen Muehlhoff
(ESNP)
Karel Callens (ESNP) |
FAO
Service:
ESNP Nutrition Programmes
Service | |
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Topic:
Participatory
Approaches in Aquaculture
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| Participatory
Methodology/ Approaches: |
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a number of
PRA/RRA-tools, such as e.g. Ranking, Mapping, Calendar,
Semi-structured Interview, Flow Diagram |
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Participatory
Monitoring |
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Delphi Method
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newly
developed and tested
tools | |
A document that describes the results of a
Workshop on "Participatory Approaches in Aquaculture"
based on the experiences from 9 case studies
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Authors:
Manuel Martinez-Espinosa
(FIRI) |
FAO
Service:
Inland Water Resources and Aquaculture
Service | |
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Project:
Animal
Health and Livestock Production Programme in
Afghanistan
(AFG/93/004) and
Promotion
of Farmers' Participation through the Implementation of Animal
Health and Production Improvement Modules (AHPIM) in
Afghanistan (TCP/AFG/4553)
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Methodology/Approaches: |
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Sharing
Experience and Skills |
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Participatory
Data Collection |
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Changing
Behaviour and Attitudes | |
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A case study, that explores the lessons
learned at the nexus of agricultural planning, community
participation, and gender concerns during the
implementation of two inter-linked projects aimed at
improving livestock production in Afghanistan from 1994
- 1997
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Authors:
Catherine
Hill
Dr. M. Halimi
Dr. Shawkat
Ms.
Quamar
Dr. Pashtoonzai
Resource Person:
Cornelia Koenraadt
(SDWW) |
FAO
Service:
SDWW –Women in Development
Service | |
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Topic:
Strategic
Extension Campaign (SEC) – A participatory-oriented method of
agricultural extension
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Methodology/Approaches: |
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Strategic
Extension Campaign (SEC) |
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Participatory
Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP)
survey |
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A document that describes the "Strategic
Extension Campaign" methodology developed by FAO plus
illustrated case studies and 10 Lessons Learned/Success
Notes from the SEC experiences |
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Authors:
Ronny Adhikarya SDRE |
FAO
Service:
Agricultural Education and Extension
Service | |
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