The Fourth Meeting of the Ad Hoc Open-Ended Working Group to Enhance the Functioning of the Multilateral System of Access and Benefit-Sharing will be held in Rome, Italy, commencing on Friday, 2 October. The Co-Chairs of the Working Group, Dr. Bert Visser and Mr. Modesto Fernández, will report on progress made to the Governing Body on Monday 5 October. Following such report, the Governing Body will provide guidance on the possible continuation of the meeting of the Working Group so that it could finalize its work by meeting on the evenings of 5 and 6 October, and possibly of 7 October. Delegates and stakeholders will be able to hold regional and inter-regional consultations on the same day, in the early morning and throughout the meeting. Research Paper 8 - A new estimation on countries' interdependence Tool for calculation of rates