OPEN ACCESS REPOSITORY
Issue paper
Payments for Ecosystem Services and Food Security
The report examines: the role of Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) in agriculture; the relevance of the Organisation of Economic Co-operation and Development's (OECD) agri-environmental measures for PES; opportunities and gaps in PES implementation and key areas for further investigation; cost-effective targeting of PES; social and cultural drivers behind the success of PES; landscape labelling approaches to PES through bundling services, products and stewards; enabling conditions and complementary legislative tools; and PES within the context of a green economy.
The report includes case studies on: PES and eco-certification in Kenya; geographic indication certification in Ukraine; PES in Tanzania; PES and rubber agroforestry in Bungo, Indonesia; PES in Costa Rica; PES for improved ecosystem water services in Pimampiro, Ecuador; farmers' perspectives on planting trees on farms in Kenya; geographic indications and landscape labelling in Kodagu, India; community-based PES for forest preservation and sediment control in Kulekhani, Nepal; Plan Vivo in Bushenyi, Uganda; PES and the Kagera Transboundary Agro-ecosystems Management Project; PES for improved ecosystem water services in Heredia, Costa Rica; and PES and multi-strata coffee gardens in Sumberjaya, Indonesia.