Chapter 1 of the initial scoping for the thematic assessment of pollination and pollinators associated with food production will include a brief review of the diversity of pollinators and pollination systems and their role in supporting food production specifically and human well-being and biodiversity maintenance more generally. It will assess the status of and trends in the biological elements and functions that interact to provide pollination services. The assessment will include the role of native and exotic pollinators, including insects and other invertebrates, bats and other mammals, birds, reptiles and other vertebrates. It will moreover take into account the role of multiple factors across spatial scales, such as plant community functional composition, pollinator diversity and specificity, climatic seasonality and fluctuations, landscape structure linked to processes of dispersal, and mobility. The assessment will include indigenous and local knowledge perspectives on pollinators and pollination systems and their benefits to those knowledge holders, as well as trade-offs between pollination processes and services and possible connections with disservices.