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Introduction and spread of lumpy skin disease in South, East and Southeast Asia

Qualitative risk assessment and management













Roche, X., Rozstalnyy, A., TagoPacheco, D., Pittiglio, C., Kamata, A., Beltran Alcrudo, D., Bisht, K., Karki, S., Kayamori, J., Larfaoui, F., Raizman, E., VonDobschuetz, S., Dhingra, M.S. and Sumption, K. 2020. Introduction and spread of lumpy skin disease in South, East and Southeast Asia: Qualitative risk assessment and management. FAO animal production and health, Paper 183. Rome, FAO.




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    Article
    First Report of Lumpy Skin Disease in Myanmar and Molecular Analysis of the Field Virus Isolates 2022
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    Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) causes lumpy skin disease in cattle and buffaloes, which is associated with significant animal production and economic losses. Since the 2000s, LSDV has spread from Africa to several countries in the Middle East; Europe; and Asia; including, more recently, several south-east Asian countries. In November 2020, Myanmar reported its first LSD outbreak. This study reports on the first incursion of LSD in Myanmar and the molecular analysis of the LSDV detected. Staff from the Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department (LBVD) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Irrigation collected samples from cattle with suspected LSD infection. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations’ emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD) and the Joint International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)/FAO program’s Animal Health and Production laboratory provided LSDV diagnostic support to two regional veterinary diagnostic laboratories in Myanmar. Samples from 13 cattle tested positive by real-time PCR. Selected samples underwent sequence analysis in IAEA laboratories. The results show that the Myanmar LSDV sequences clustered with LSDV isolates from Bangladesh and India, LSDV Kenya, and LSDV NI-2490. Further characterization showed that the Myanmar LSDV is 100% identical to isolates from Bangladesh and India, implying a common source of introduction. These findings inform diagnosis and development of control strategies.
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    Book (series)
    Lumpy skin disease – A manual for veterinarians 2017
    The Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral disease of cattle that has dramatic effects on rural livelihoods, which strongly dependent on cattle. The disease slashes milk production and may lead sterility in bulls and fertility problems in females. It damages hides, and causes death due to secondary bacterial infections. Although traditionally limited to sub-Saharan Africa, LSD has slowly been invading new territories such as the Middle East and Turkey, and since 2015, most of the Balkan countries, the Caucasus and the Russian Federation, where the disease continues to spread and the risk of an imminent incursion into other unaffected countries, is very high. Veterinarians, cattle farmers, and others along the value chain are facing the disease for first time and are unfamiliar with LSD’s clinical presentation, its transmission routes and the available prevention and control options. This manual aims to fill these gaps by providing veterinary professionals and paraprofessionals with the information they need to promptly diagnose and react to an outbreak of LSD. Cattle farmers will also benefit from reading it.
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    Global Animal Disease Intelligence Report: Issue No. 01 (January – March 2015) 2015
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    A regular update on the main disease threats monitored and analysed by the FAO/AGAH/GLEWS worldwide. This intelligence report contains relevant analysis of disease information collected by FAO GLEWS from official and informal sources and prepared with the kind support of donors to enhance global early warning and surveillance for animal diseases. The global disease intelligence report highlights also a description of possible drivers of animal diseases incursion or spread and forecasts risk of animal diseases based on risk assessment activities conducted by the animal health service for different health threats.

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