全球的食物权

  北马其顿

The Constitution of the Republic of North Macedonia does not explicitly guarantee the right to adequate food.

The Republic of North Macedonia has become a State party to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1994 by way of ratification. It has signed the Optional Protocol (OP-ICESCR) in 2013, but has not ratified it yet.

CONSTITUTIONAL RECOGNITIONS OF THE RIGHT TO ADEQUATE FOOD

National status of international obligations

Article 8: “The fundamental values of the constitutional order of the Republic of Macedonia are: 
- the basic freedoms and rights of the individual and citizen, recognized in international law and set down in the Constitution;[...] 
- respect for the generally accepted norms of international law.”

Article 118: "The international agreements ratified in accordance with the Constitution are part of the internal legal order and cannot be changed by law.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 11: "The human right to physical and moral dignity is irrevocable."

Article 40: "Parents have the right and duty to provide for the nurturing and education of their children. Children are responsible for the care of their old and infirm parents."

INTERNATIONAL INSTRUMENTS

Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) – 1948

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) – 1966

Status: Ratification (1994)

Convention on the Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) – 1979

Status: Ratification (1994)

Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) – 1989

Status: Ratification (1993)

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) – 2006

Status: Ratification (2011)

承认足够食物权的立法和政策

粮农组织理事会通过的并得到世界粮食安全委员会认可的《食物权准则》提供了关于如何在国家粮食安全背景下逐步实现充足食物权的指南。

考虑到可以通过各种法律和政策行动来实现获得充足食物的人权,我们邀请您访问 FAOLEX国家概况数据库, 其中收集了已经在国家一级采取的各种措施。您可能会发现一些文件是与某些相关准则相关的法规和政策,例如与获取资源和资产的准则(准则8)相关的措施,与食品安全和消费者保护准则(准则9)相关的措施,与对弱势群体的支持(准则13)相关的措施,以及与自然灾害和人为灾难(准则16)相关的措施。

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