Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

"Article 84. Decent living and minimum salary. 1. Every person in need and the elderly shall, in accordance with law, have the right to a decent living."

Национальный статус международных обязательств

"Article 5. The Hierarchy of Legal Norms. (...) 3. In case of conflict between the norms of international treaties ratified by the Republic of Armenia and those of laws, the norms of international treaties shall apply."

"Article 116. Ratification, Suspension or Revocation of International Treaties. (...) 3. International treaties contradicting the Constitution may not be ratified."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

"Article 3.  The Human Being, His or Her Dignity, Basic Rights and Freedoms. 

1. The human being shall be the highest value in the Republic of Armenia. The inalienable dignity of the human being shall constitute the integral basis of his or herrights and freedoms.

2. The respect for and protection of the basic rights and freedoms of the human being and the citizen shall be the duty of the public power.

3. The public power shall be restricted by the basic rights and freedoms of the human being and the citizen as a directly applicable law."

Прямая защита права на достаточное питание

Article 36:
“(1) Every citizen shall have the right relating to food.
(2) Every citizen shall have the right to be safe from the state of being in danger of life from the scarcity of food.
(3) Every citizen shall have the right to food sovereignty in accordance with law.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 42:
“(2) Citizens who are economically very poor and communities on the verge of extinction, shall have the right to special opportunity and facilities in the areas of education, health, housing, employment, food and social security, for their protection, progress, empowerment and development.
(3) People with physical impairment shall have the right to a dignified way of life and equal access to social services and facilities, along with their diversity identity.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 50: “(1) It shall be the political objective of the State to strengthen a federal democratic republican system to ensure an atmosphere where democratic rights are exercised by acknowledging sovereignty, independence and integrity of the country to be of utmost importance; by protecting freedom, equality, property and all citizens through rule of law; by embracing the norms and values of fundamental rights and human rights, gender equality, proportional inclusion, participation and social justice; and by maintaining a just system in all spheres of national life in order to establish a government system aimed at public welfare, while maintaining relations between federal units on the basis of cooperation between them, and internalizing the principle of inclusion in the governance system on the basis of local autonomy and decentralization,”

Article 51: “The State shall pursue the following policies:

(b) Policies regarding political and governance system:

• (1) Guaranteeing people’s welfare and all-round-progress through economic, social and cultural transformation, while defending and strengthening political achievements and their development.
• (2) Maintaining rule of law by protecting and practicing human rights.

(h) Policies regarding the basic needs of citizens:

• (12) Increasing investment in the agricultural sector by making necessary provisions for sustainable productivity, supply, storage and security, while making it easily available with effective distribution of food grains by encouraging food productivity that suits the soil and climate conditions of the country in accordance with the norms of food sovereignty.”

Article 52: “It shall be the obligation of the State to maintain Nepal's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, autonomy of Nepal, protecting and promoting fundamental rights and human rights, and to observe the directive principles of the State and gradually implementing the policies.”

Прямая защита права на достаточное питание

Artículo 63: “Es derecho de los nicaragüenses estar protegidos contra el hambre. El Estado promoverá programas que aseguren una adecuada disponibilidad de alimentos y una distribución equitativa de los mismos.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Artículo 82: “Los trabajadores tienen derecho a condiciones de trabajo que les aseguren en especial:
1. Salario igual por trabajo igual en idénticas condiciones […] que les asegure un bienestar compatible con la dignidad humana. 
7. Seguridad social para protección integral y medios de subsistencia en casos de invalidez, vejez, riesgos profesionales, enfermedad y maternidad; y a sus familiares en casos de muerte”.

Директивные принципы государственной политики

Artículo 4: “El Estado promoverá y garantizará los avances de carácter social y político para asegurar el bien común, asumiendo la tarea de promover el desarrollo humano de todos y cada uno de los nicaragüenses, protegiéndolos contra toda forma de explotación, discriminación y exclusión.”

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Artículo 46: “En el territorio nacional toda persona goza de la protección estatal y del reconocimiento de los derechos inherentes a la persona humana, del irrestricto respeto, promoción y protección de los derechos humanos y de la plena vigencia de los derechos consignados en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos; en la Declaración Americana de Derechos y Deberes del Hombre; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas; y en la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos de la Organización de Estados Americanos.”

Artículo 71.2: “La niñez goza de protección especial y de todos los derechos que su condición requiere, por lo cual tiene plena vigencia la Convención Internacional de los Derechos del Niño y la Niña.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 12: "Every human being has the right to development, to the physical, intellectual, moral and cultural fulfillment of their person."

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 50: "The rights and duties, stated in the Universal Declaration of the Rights of Man and in the international instruments relative to the Rights of Man, ratified by Togo, are an integral part of this Constitution." 

Article 140: "The treaties or agreements regularly ratified or approved have, on their publication, an authority superior to the laws, under reserve, for each agreement or treaty, of its application by the other party."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 10: "Every human being carries within them inalienable and imprescriptible rights. The safeguarding of these rights is the objective of any human community. The State has the obligation to respect them, to guarantee them and to protect them."

Article 34: “The State recognizes to the citizens the right to health. It works to promote it."

Article 38: “The right to an equitable redistribution of the national wealth by the State is recognized to the citizens and to the territorial collectivities."

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 21: "All citizens, male and female, have equal rights and duties, and are equal before the law without any discrimination. The state guarantees freedoms and individual and collective rights to all citizens, and provides all citizens the conditions for a dignified life."

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 20: "International agreements approved and ratified by the Assembly of the Representatives of the People have a status superior to that of laws and inferior to that of the Constitution."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 38: "Health is a right for every human being. The state shall guarantee preventative health care and treatment for every citizen and provide the means necessary to ensure the safety and quality of health services. The state shall ensure free health care for those without means and those with limited income. It shall guarantee the right to social assistance in accordance with the law.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 12: Right to assistance when in need. - "Persons in need and unable to provide for themselves have the right to assistance and care, and to the financial means required for a decent standard of living." 

Директивные принципы государственной политики

Article 104:

"1. The Confederation shall ensure that agricultural sector, by means of a sustainable and market oriented production policy, makes an essential contribution towards:

a. the reliable provision of the population with foodstuffs;

b. the conservation of natural resources and the upkeep of the countryside;

c. decentralised population settlement of the country.”

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 193: "4. The mandatory provisions of international law must not be violated.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 41:
"1. The Confederation and the Cantons shall, as a complement to personal responsibility and private initiative, endeavour to ensure that:
a. every person has access to social security;
d. every person who is fit to work can earn their living by working under fair conditions; 

2. The Confederation and Cantons shall endeavour to ensure that every person is protected against the economic consequences of old-age, invalidity, illness, accident, unemployment, maternity, being orphaned and being widowed."

Article 112:

"1.  The Confederation shall legislate on the Old-age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance.
2.  In doing so, it shall adhere to the following principles: 
b. pensions must be sufficient to cover basic living expenses adequately"

Article 112a.1: "Confederation and Cantons shall pay supplementary benefits to people whose basic living expenses are not covered by benefits under the Old-age, Survivors and Invalidity Insurance. "

Article 113:

"1. The Confederation shall legislate for an occupational pension scheme.
2.  In doing so, it shall adhere to the following principles:
a. the occupational pension scheme, together with the Old-age, Survivors’ and Invalidity Insurance, enables the insured person to maintain his or her previous lifestyle in an appropriate manner."

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 43: "The Right to Development.

1. The Peoples of Ethiopia as a whole, and each Nation, Nationality and People in Ethiopia in particular have the right to improved living standards and to sustainable development.

2. Nationals have the right to participate in national development and, in particular, to be consulted with respect to policies and projects affecting their community.

3. All international agreements and relations concluded, established or conducted by the State shall protect and ensure Ethiopia's right to sustainable development.

4. The basic aim of development activities shall be to enhance the capacity of citizens for development and to meet their basic needs.

Директивные принципы государственной политики

Article 90.1: “To the extent the country’s resources permit, policies shall aim to provide all Ethiopians access to public health and education, clean water, housing, food and social security.”

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 13.2: “The fundamental rights and freedoms specified in this Chapter shall be interpreted in a manner conforming to the principles of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, International Covenants on Human Rights and International instruments adopted by Ethiopia.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 25: “All people shall have the right to maintain the minimum standards of wholesome and cultured living. In all spheres of life, the State shall use its endeavors for the promotion and extension of social welfare and security, and of public health.”

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 98.2: “The treaties concluded by Japan and established laws of nations shall be faithfully observed.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 9: “Every person has the right to a decent existence and to social security. A law shall provide for the protection of the workers, assistance to the poor and for a system of social insurance.”

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 169(3): “treaties, conventions and agreements concluded in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Article shall have, as from their publication in the official Gazette of the Republic, superior force to any municipal law on condition that such treaties, conventions and agreements are applied by the other party thereto.”

Косвенная защита права на достаточное питание

Article 8: "The human person is sacred and has the right to life. The State has the obligation to respect it and to protect it. Each citizen has the right to the full development [épanouissement] of his person within respect for the rights of others, of the public order, of ethics [morales] and of morals [bonne mÏurs]."

Национальный статус международных обязательств

Article 223 : "The treaties or the agreements, regularly ratified or approved, have, from their publication, an authority superior to that of the laws, under the reserve, for each agreement or treaty of its application by the other Party. "