对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 48: “Everyone shall have the right to a standard of living sufficient for themselves and their families including adequate nutrition, clothing, and housing.”

国际义务的国内地位

Article 9: “International treaties in force, consented by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine as binding, shall be an integral part of the national legislation of Ukraine.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 3.2: “Human rights and freedoms, and guarantees thereof shall determine the essence and course of activities of the State. The State shall be responsible to the individual for its activities. Affirming and ensuring human rights and freedoms shall be the main duty of the State.”

Article 46: “Citizens shall have the right to social protection including the right to financial security in cases of complete, partial, or temporary disability, loss of the principal wage-earner, unemployment due to circumstances beyond their control, old age, and in other cases determined by law. This right shall be guaranteed by the mandatory state social insurance based on insurance payments made by citizens, enterprises, institutions, and organisations, as well as by budgetary and other sources of social security; and by establishing a network of state, communal, and private institutions caring for incapacitated persons. 
Pensions and other types of social payments and assistance that are the principal sources of subsistence shall ensure a standard of living not lower than the minimum living standard established by law.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 51: “Protection of [the] Minors and [of] the Elderly - The State will protect the physical, mental, and moral health of the minors of age and of the elderly. It will guarantee to them their right to food, health, education, and security and social prevision.” 

国家政策指导性原则

Article 99: “Feeding and Nutrition. - The State will see to it that the food and the nutrition of the population meet the minimum health requirements. The specialized institutions of the State must coordinate their actions among themselves or with [the] international organs dedicated to health, [in order] to achieve an effective national food system..” 

国际义务的国内地位

Article 46: “Preeminence of [the] International Law. - The general principle that within matters of human rights, the treaties and agreements approved and ratified by Guatemala, have preeminence over the internal law[,] is established.” 

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Artículo 94: “The State will see to the health and the social assistance of all the inhabitants. It will develop, through its institutions, actions of prevention, promotion, recovery, rehabilitation, coordination and those complementary ones [that are] appropriate in order to procure [for them] the most complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing..” 

Artículo 102: “The minimum social rights that form the basis of the labor legislation and the activity of the tribunals and [the] authorities [are]: 
a) 1.The right to the free choice of work and the satisfactory economic conditions that guarantee a dignified existence for the worker and his [or her] family.”

Artículo 119: “The following are the fundamental obligations of the State:
d. 4.To see to the raising of the standard of living of all the inhabitants of the country, securing the wellbeing of the family.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 27: "Health Care, food, water and social security. - 
(1) Everyone has the right to have access to-
(b) sufficient food and water;
(2) The state must take reasonable legislative and other measures, within its available resources, to achieve the progressive realisation of each of these rights."

Article 28: "Children. - 
(1) Every child has the right-
(c) to basic nutrition, shelter, basic health care services and social services.”

Article 35: "Arrested, detained and accused persons.-
“(2) Everyone who is detained, including every sentenced prisoner, has the right-
(e) to conditions of detention that are consistent with human dignity, including at least exercise and the provision, at state expense, of adequate accommodation, nutrition, reading material and medical treatment.”

国际义务的国内地位

Article 232: “Customary international law is law in the Republic unless it is inconsistent with the Constitution or an Act of Parliament.”

Article 233: “When interpreting any legislation, every court must prefer any reasonable interpretation of the legislation that is consistent with international law over any alternative interpretation that is inconsistent with international law.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 1: “The Republic of South Africa is one, sovereign, democratic state founded on the following values:
(a) Human dignity, the achievement of equality and the advancement of human rights and freedoms.”

Article 7(2): “The state must respect, protect, promote and fulfil the rights in the Bill of Rights.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Artículo 77: "Todas las personas tienen derecho a la alimentación sana y adecuada. El Estado crea las condiciones para fortalecer la seguridad alimentaria de toda la población."

国际义务的国内地位

Artículo 8: "Lo prescrito en los tratados internacionales en vigor para la República de Cuba forma parte o se integra, según corresponda, al ordenamiento jurídico nacional. La Constitución de la República de Cuba prima sobre estos tratados internacionales."

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 4: “[...] All individuals have the right to nutritional, sufficient and quality nourishment. The State shall guarantee this. [..] The State, in all decisions it makes and all actions it carries out, will safeguard and comply with the principle of doing what is in the best interest of children, thus entirely guaranteeing their rights. Boys and girls have the right to having their nutritional, health, educational and recreational needs satisfied for their proper development. This principle should guide the design, enforcement, following up and evaluation of the public policies focused on childhood. [...]” 

国际义务的国内地位

Artículo 1: “In the United Mexican States, all individuals shall be entitled to the human rights granted by this Constitution and the international treaties signed by the Mexican State [...]"

"The provisions relating to human rights shall be interpreted according to this Constitution and the international treaties on the subject, working in favor of the broader protection of people at all times. [...]”

Article 133: "This Constitution, the laws derived from and enacted by the Congress of the Union, and all the treaties made and execute by the President of the Republic, with the approval of the Senate, shall be the supreme law of the country. The judges of each state shall observe the Constitution, the laws derived from it and the treaties, despite any contradictory provision that may appear in the constitutions or laws of the states."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Artículo 27.XX: “The State shall provide good conditions to achieve total development in rural communities, for the purpose of creating jobs, guaranteeing welfare of the peasant population and their participation in national development.  […] The comprehensive and sustainable rural development referred to in the previous paragraph shall also include, among its aims that the State shall guarantee the sufficient and timely supply of basic nourishment established by law.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 16:
“I. Every person has the right to water and food.
II. The State has the obligation to guarantee food security, by means of healthy, adequate and sufficient food for the entire population.” 

国际义务的国内地位

Article 13.I: "The rights recognized in this Constitution are inviolable, universal, inter-dependent, indivisible and progressive. The State has the duty to promote, protect and respect them.

Article 13.II: "The rights declared in this Constitution shall not be understood to deny other rights that are not enumerated."

Article 13.III: "The classification of the rights established in this Constitution does not determine any hierarchy or superiority of some rights over others."

Article 13.IV: “International treaties and conventions ratified by the Pluri-National Legislative Assembly (Asamblea Legislativa), which recognize human rights and prohibit their limitation in States of Emergency, prevail over internal law. The rights and duties consecrated in this Constitution shall be interpreted in accordance with the International Human Rights Treaties ratified by Bolivia.” 

Article 14.III: “The State guarantees everyone and all collectives, without discrimination, the free and effective exercise of the rights established in this Constitution, the laws and international human rights treaties.” 

Article 256.I: “The international treaties and instruments in matters of human rights that have been signed and/or ratified, or those that have been joined by the State, which declare rights more favorable than those contained in the Constitution, shall have preferential application over those in this Constitution.”

Article 257.I: “Ratified international treaties are part of domestic law with the force of law.”

Article 410.I: " Every person, natural and legal, as well as public organs, public functions and institutions, are subject to the present Constitution."

Article 410.II: "The Constitution is the supreme norm of Bolivian law and enjoys supremacy before any other normative disposition. The components of constitutional law include the international Treaties and Conventions in the matter of human rights and the norms of Communitarian Law, which have been ratified by the country. The application of the legal norms shall be governed by the following hierarchy, in accordance with the authority of the territorial entities: 1. Constitution of the State; 2. International treaties; 3. National laws, statutes of the autonomies, organic charters and the other departmental, municipal and indigenous legislation; 4. Decrees, regulations and other resolutions issued by the corresponding executive organs."

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 9: “The following are essential purposes and functions of the State, in addition to those established in the Constitution and the law:   

1. To construct a just and harmonious society, built on decolonization, without discrimination or exploitation, with full social justice, in order to strengthen the Pluri-National identities.

2. To guarantee the welfare, development, security and protection, and equal dignity of individuals, nations, peoples, and communities, [...]”

Article 35.I: “The State, at all levels, shall protect the right to health and promote public policies designed to improve the quality of life, the collective well being, and free access of the population to health services” 

Article 35.II: "The health system is unitary and includes traditional medicine of the nations and the rural native indigenous peoples."

Article 46.I: “Every person has the following rights:
1. To dignified work, with industrial and occupational health and safety, without discrimination, and with a fair, equitable and satisfactory remuneration or salary that assures a dignified existence for the worker and his or her family.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Artículo 63: “Es derecho de los nicaragüenses estar protegidos contra el hambre. El Estado promoverá programas que aseguren una adecuada disponibilidad de alimentos y una distribución equitativa de los mismos.”

对充足食物权的默示保护

Artículo 82: “Los trabajadores tienen derecho a condiciones de trabajo que les aseguren en especial:
1. Salario igual por trabajo igual en idénticas condiciones […] que les asegure un bienestar compatible con la dignidad humana. 
7. Seguridad social para protección integral y medios de subsistencia en casos de invalidez, vejez, riesgos profesionales, enfermedad y maternidad; y a sus familiares en casos de muerte”.

国家政策指导性原则

Artículo 4: “El Estado promoverá y garantizará los avances de carácter social y político para asegurar el bien común, asumiendo la tarea de promover el desarrollo humano de todos y cada uno de los nicaragüenses, protegiéndolos contra toda forma de explotación, discriminación y exclusión.”

国际义务的国内地位

Artículo 46: “En el territorio nacional toda persona goza de la protección estatal y del reconocimiento de los derechos inherentes a la persona humana, del irrestricto respeto, promoción y protección de los derechos humanos y de la plena vigencia de los derechos consignados en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos; en la Declaración Americana de Derechos y Deberes del Hombre; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Económicos, Sociales y Culturales; en el Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas; y en la Convención Americana de Derechos Humanos de la Organización de Estados Americanos.”

Artículo 71.2: “La niñez goza de protección especial y de todos los derechos que su condición requiere, por lo cual tiene plena vigencia la Convención Internacional de los Derechos del Niño y la Niña.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 36:
“(1) Every citizen shall have the right relating to food.
(2) Every citizen shall have the right to be safe from the state of being in danger of life from the scarcity of food.
(3) Every citizen shall have the right to food sovereignty in accordance with law.”

对充足食物权的默示保护

Article 42:
“(2) Citizens who are economically very poor and communities on the verge of extinction, shall have the right to special opportunity and facilities in the areas of education, health, housing, employment, food and social security, for their protection, progress, empowerment and development.
(3) People with physical impairment shall have the right to a dignified way of life and equal access to social services and facilities, along with their diversity identity.”

Other pertinent provisions for the realization of the right to adequate food

Article 50: “(1) It shall be the political objective of the State to strengthen a federal democratic republican system to ensure an atmosphere where democratic rights are exercised by acknowledging sovereignty, independence and integrity of the country to be of utmost importance; by protecting freedom, equality, property and all citizens through rule of law; by embracing the norms and values of fundamental rights and human rights, gender equality, proportional inclusion, participation and social justice; and by maintaining a just system in all spheres of national life in order to establish a government system aimed at public welfare, while maintaining relations between federal units on the basis of cooperation between them, and internalizing the principle of inclusion in the governance system on the basis of local autonomy and decentralization,”

Article 51: “The State shall pursue the following policies:

(b) Policies regarding political and governance system:

• (1) Guaranteeing people’s welfare and all-round-progress through economic, social and cultural transformation, while defending and strengthening political achievements and their development.
• (2) Maintaining rule of law by protecting and practicing human rights.

(h) Policies regarding the basic needs of citizens:

• (12) Increasing investment in the agricultural sector by making necessary provisions for sustainable productivity, supply, storage and security, while making it easily available with effective distribution of food grains by encouraging food productivity that suits the soil and climate conditions of the country in accordance with the norms of food sovereignty.”

Article 52: “It shall be the obligation of the State to maintain Nepal's independence, sovereignty, territorial integrity, autonomy of Nepal, protecting and promoting fundamental rights and human rights, and to observe the directive principles of the State and gradually implementing the policies.”

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 12: "Each one has the right to life, to health, to physical and moral integrity, to a healthy and sufficient food supply, to potable water, to education and instruction in the conditions specified by the law.[...]"

国家政策指导性原则

Article 146: "The action of the State in matters of the policies of economic and social development is supported by a strategic vision. The State makes of the creation of wealth, of growth and of the fight against inequality a major axis of its interventions. The public policies must promote food supply sovereignty, durable development, the access to all to social services as well as the improvement of the quality of life."

国际义务的国内地位

Article 171: "The treaties or agreements regularly ratified have, from their publication, an authority superior to that of the laws, subject to, for each agreement or treaty of its application by the other party"

对充足食物权的明示保护

Article 56: "The State protects marriage, motherhood and the family. What is relative to civil status shall be determined by law. The State shall protect the physical, mental and moral health of minors and shall guarantee their rights to support, health, education and social security. In an equal manner, the elderly and the sick who are destitute shall have the right to this protection."

对充足食物权的默示保护

Article 64: "Work is a right and duty of the individual and accordingly the State is obliged to devise economic policies to promote full employment, and to ensure to every workman the necessary conditions for a decent existence."

Article 66: "Rules of periodic adjustment of the minimum salary or wage of the worker shall be set by law, to cover the normal requirements of his/her family, to improve worker's standard of living according to specific conditions of each economic region and activity. The law may also determine the method of fixing minimum salaries or wages for professions or trades [...]"

Article 110: "In matters of health, the State is primarily obliged to develop the following activities, integrating the functions of prevention, cure and rehabilitation in the: 1. Establishment of a national policy of food and nutrition, ensuring optimum nutritional conditions for the entire population, by promoting the availability, consumption, and biological benefit of suitable food;[...]"

Article 113: "All individuals are entitled to the security of their economic means for subsistence in case of disability or impossibility of obtaining remunerated work.[...]" 

Article 118: "The State has the fundamental obligation to guarantee that its population lives in a healthy environment, free of contamination (pollution), and where air, water, and foodstuffs satisfy the requirements for proper development of human life."

Article 122: "The State shall pay special attention to all aspects of Cattle and Agricultural development, promoting optimum use of the land, seeing to its reasonable distribution, and its proper use and conservation, so that it may be maintained in productive conditions. The State shall guarantee each farmer the right to live with dignity."

国家政策指导性原则

Article 4: "The Republic of panama abides by the rules of International Law."