Appendix 3 Estimation of total concentrate feed utilization in world regions and production systems

Methods and assumptions

Estimates of the utilization of concentrates in regions of the world and in production systems as defined by Sere (1994) have been derived by two methods. Total feed requirements (including concentrates, forages and other feeds) within regions and systems have been calculated based either on feed requirements of livestock populations (for ruminants) or on product outputs and feed conversion efficiencies (for non-ruminants).

For ruminant animals, feed conversion efficiencies are difficult to guess, varying greatly between systems, particularly for 'whole system' efficiency including breeding and replacement populations. In view of this, feed requirements have been estimated based on assumptions of average liveweights of the species populations (accounting for age structure) and on rates of daily feed intake. These estimates have been carried out separately for beef cattle, dairy cattle and small ruminants, according to the classifications of systems and regions made by Sere (1994) (see Appendix 1). Dairy cattle refer only to specialist milking animals; dual purpose cattle were included in beef populations. Buffaloes have been included with beef cattle populations, unless distinguished as specialist dairy animals. These procedures may result in some over-estimation of feed requirements for beef production and under-estimation of requirements for milk production. Allowance was made for the inclusion of veal production within the cattle and buffalo meat production estimates for OECD countries by a reduction in assumed average liveweights of cattle.

Average realised feed conversion efficiencies were then estimated by comparing per capita feed requirements with per capita outputs of livestock products (for beef, milk and small ruminant meat, as defined for systems and regions by Sere). These feed efficiencies were then multiplied by the total outputs of products estimated for systems and regions by Sere, to calculate total feed requirements.

For non-ruminants, estimates of production of pig meat, poultry meat and poultry eggs within regions and systems are provided by Sere (1994). Guestimates of feed conversion efficiencies for these products have been made for the same regions and systems, taking account of differences in the mix of types of production systems (intensities) and related animal performance. The accuracy of these guestimates is probably reasonably reliable for regions in which most pigs and poultry are kept in relatively uniform more intensive systems, but may be less reliable where a variety of less intensive systems are also included.

Concentrate feed requirements were then estimated from total feed requirements on the basis of assumptions of the proportion of concentrates in diets for different species of livestock within world regions and production systems. These assumptions, for animals under land-based systems, have varied from 0-5% for beef cattle, 0-30% for dairy cattle, 0-10% for small ruminants, 60-100% for pigs, and 100% for poultry. Higher dietary proportions are assumed for ruminants under landless systems (such as feedlots), though the intensive feeding phase may be a variable proportion of the total production time in these systems. No separate estimation is made for different types of concentrate feeds, though the mix of ingredient requirements and utilization clearly varies between regions, systems and species.

Results were finally adjusted so that the estimated total global feed requirement was similar to estimates of concentrate feed utilization based on FAO Agrostat and USDA PS&D data. This adjustment was made by refinement of assumptions on feed efficiencies and on the proportions of concentrates in diets.

Results and tabulated data

Results of these calculations are presented in the following appendix tables. Tables 1 and 2 summarise the regional requirements for concentrate feeds in each livestock production system, and by each livestock species/product respectively. Tables 3 and 4 present the regional system and species percentages of world total concentrate feed requirements. Tables 5 to 10 present estimates of concentrate requirements for beef, milk, small ruminant meat, pig meat, poultry meat and poultry egg production respectively.

Assumptions on concentrate proportions of diets are shown in Tables 11 to 16 for each species/product. Tables 17 to 19 present assumptions on feed conversion efficiencies for non-ruminants (pig, poultry meat and poultry egg production respectively). Tables 20 to 22 and 23 to 25 display assumptions on feed intake rates and average liveweights for ruminant populations (beef cattle, dairy cattle and small ruminants respectively).

It may be noted that while the assumptions on total feed intakes, feed conversion efficiencies, and the proportions of total feeds derived from concentrates directly affect estimates of total amounts of concentrate feeds utilized, the percentage patterns of concentrate requirements by species, systems and regions (as shown in Tables 3 and 4) are not particularly sensitive to these assumptions. The reason for this is that the main factors finally determining the estimate of concentrate feed requirements are the estimates of livestock populations and product total outputs which differ markedly between systems and regions.

Table 1 Estimated annual requirements for concentrate feeds for all livestock production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed requirements for all livestock production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	1398	798	492	1929	3687	0	0	8304
LGH	1070	0	271	1985	887	0	1110	5323
LGA	1782	567	0	392	2391	0	1029	6162
MRT	2244	0	1039	1505	132222	118728	0	255738
MRH	4733	0	15584	19827	6459	0	0	46603
MRA	2431	9968	20649	2682	198	0	0	35928
MIT	0	0	30122	4208	29489	9629	0	73448
MIH	0	0	81014	389	1929	0	0	83332
MIA	51	12066	33558	2493	6275	0	457	54900
LLM	2291	6616	89015	31324	160302	38824	2214	330586
LLR	0	1165	0	0	19794	74517	0	95476
Overall	15999	31180	271743	66735	363634	241699	4810	995800

Table 2 Estimated annual requirements for concentrate feeds for different livestock species and products by world regions in 1992/93 ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed requirements by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Species/ product	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
Beef, veal and buffalo meat	1423	450	8196	4401	40586	77297	251	132604
Small ruminant meat	312	1908	1771	256	2839	1381	78	8545
Cattle milk	5035	16703	47277	12709	85486	76524	829	244564
Pig meat	2114	21	128617	13416	135744	53885	639	334436
Poultry meat	3612	6535	30789	21961	62743	14139	1954	141733
Poultry eggs	3503	5563	55092	13991	36235	18473	1060	133917
Overall	15999	31180	271743	66735	363634	241699	4810	995800

Table 3 Estimated annual requirements for concentrate feeds for all livestock production by world regions and production systems in 1992/93 (percent of global total)

	Concentrate feed requirements (for all livestock products) by production systems and regions of the world
	(percent of global total)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.4	0	0	0.8
LGH	0.1	0	0.03	0.2	0.09	0	0.1	0.5
LGA	0.2	0.1	0	0.04	0.2	0	0.1	0.6
MRT	0.2	0	0.1	0.2	13.3	11.9	0	25.7
MRH	0.5	0	1.6	2.0	0.7	0	0	4.7
MRA	0.2	1.0	2.1	0.3	0.02	0	0	3.6
MIT	0	0	3.0	0.4	3.0	1.0	0	7.4
MIH	0	0	8.1	0.04	0.2	0	0	8.4
MIA	0.01	1.2	3.4	0.3	0.6	0	0.05	5.5
LLM	0.2	0.7	8.9	3.2	16.1	3.9	0.2	33.2
LLR	0	0.1	0	0	2.0	7.5	0	9.6
Overall	1.6	3.1	27.3	6.7	36.5	24.3	0.5	100

Table 4 Estimated annual requirements for concentrate feeds for different livestock species and products by world regions in 1992/93 (percent of global total)

	Concentrate feed requirements for different livestock products andregions of the world
	(percent of global total)
Species/ product	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
Beef, veal and buffalo meat	0.1	0.1	0.8	0.4	4.1	7.8	0.03	13.3
Small ruminant meat	0.5	1.7	4.8	1.3	8.6	7.7	0.08	24.6
Cattle milk	0.03	0.2	0.2	0.03	0.3	0.1	0.01	0.9
Pig meat	0.2	0	12.9	1.4	13.6	5.4	0.1	33.6
Poultry meat	0.4	0.7	3.1	2.2	6.3	1.4	0.2	14.3
Poultry eggs	0.4	0.6	5.5	1.4	3.6	1.9	0.1	13.5
Overall	1.6	3.1	27.3	6.7	36.5	24.3	0.5	100

Source: Derived as described in Appendix 3

1. World regions and production systems as defined by Sere (1994), see Appendix 1

Table 5 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for beef production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for beef production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	154	22	171	0	771	0	0	1117
LGH	240	0	236	0	307	0	140	923
LGA	0	8	0	0	665	0	101	774
MRT	438	0	458	366	15869	2677	0	19808
MRH	358	0	1636	2974	798	0	0	5767
MRA	209	223	1230	659	194	0	0	2516
MIT	0	0	492	115	1736	102	0	2446
MIH	0	0	2291	95	194	0	0	2580
MIA	23	198	1681	192	259	0	10	2363
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0	0	0	0	19794	74517	0	94311
Overall	1423	450	8196	4401	40586	77297	251	132604

Table 6 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for milk production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for milk production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	640	633	167	483	2396	0	0	4320
LGH	140	0	0	326	180	0	217	864
LGA	848	135	0	9	869	0	221	2081
MRT	1278	0	427	457	64518	72285	0	138966
MRH	1242	0	6145	8108	2556	0	0	18052
MRA	887	6555	15644	1069	0	0	0	24155
MIT	0	0	985	892	13009	4239	0	19125
MIH	0	0	8574	142	232	0	0	8948
MIA	0	9379	15335	1222	1725	0	392	28053
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall	5035	16703	47277	12709	85486	76524	829	244564

Table 7 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for small ruminant meat production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for small ruminant meat production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	22	21	139	0	386	0	0	568
LGH	15	0	34	0	126	0	43	218
LGA	0	33	0	0	396	0	31	461
MRT	72	0	154	24	1393	1089	0	2733
MRH	107	0	94	90	7	0	0	297
MRA	70	290	136	38	5	0	0	538
MIT	0	0	251	44	519	292	0	1107
MIH	0	0	460	6	0	0	0	466
MIA	27	397	504	54	7	0	3	992
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0	1165	0	0	0	0	0	1165
Overall	312	1908	1771	256	2839	1381	78	8545

Table 8 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for pig meat production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for pig meat production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	148	0	12	425	100	0	0	684
LGH	158	0	0	694	218	0	200	1270
LGA	99	0	0	128	367	0	193	786
MRT	43	0	0	227	42466	31259	0	73996
MRH	935	0	1994	3201	2278	0	0	8408
MRA	261	5	617	359	0	0	0	1242
MIT	0	0	22085	1558	10993	3877	0	38514
MIH	0	0	45527	57	1105	0	0	46689
MIA	0	10	9900	531	3146	0	15	13602
LLM	470	6	48482	6237	75072	18748	231	149246
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall	2114	21	128617	13416	135744	53885	639	334436

Table 9 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for poultry meat production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for poultry meat production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	264	80	0	642	22	0	0	1008
LGH	304	0	0	525	43	0	328	1200
LGA	428	245	0	170	72	0	312	1228
MRT	202	0	0	179	5434	5036	0	10852
MRH	1007	0	3000	3659	617	0	0	8284
MRA	504	1398	673	379	0	0	0	2954
MIT	0	0	2139	730	1615	470	0	4953
MIH	0	0	9591	65	299	0	0	9955
MIA	0	1209	2091	256	857	0	23	4436
LLM	903	3602	13295	15357	53783	8634	1291	96864
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall	3612	6535	30789	21961	62743	14139	1954	141733

Table 10 Estimated requirements for concentrate feeds for poultry egg production by world regions and production systems ('000 mt dry matter)

	Concentrate feed use for poultry egg production by regions of the world
	('000 mt dry matter/year)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	171	41	4	380	12	0	0	608
LGH	214	0	0	440	13	0	182	849
LGA	407	146	0	86	22	0	172	832
MRT	209	0	0	251	2541	6382	0	9382
MRH	1084	0	2714	1795	203	0	0	5795
MRA	501	1495	2348	179	0	0	0	4523
MIT	0	0	4170	868	1617	649	0	7304
MIH	0	0	14571	25	98	0	0	14693
MIA	0	873	4046	238	282	0	14	5454
LLM	918	3008	27238	9731	31447	11442	692	84476
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall	3503	5563	55092	13991	36235	18473	1060	133917

Table 11 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for beef production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.02	0.01
LGH	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.02	0.01
LGA	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.01
MRT	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MRH	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MRA	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MIT	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MIH	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MIA	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0.30	0.50	0.40	0.40	0.50	0.50	0.50
Overall

Table 12 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for milk production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	0.05	0.15	0.05	0.03	0.15	0.15	0.15
LGH	0.02	0.10	0.03	0.02	0.10	0.10	0.10
LGA	0.02	0.10	0.02	0.01	0.10	0.10	0.10
MRT	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
MRH	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
MRA	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
MIT	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
MIH	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
MIA	0.10	0.20	0.15	0.10	0.25	0.25	0.25
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall

Table 13 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for small ruminant meat production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.02	0.01
LGH	0.01	0.02	0.01	0.00	0.02	0.02	0.01
LGA	0.00	0.02	0.00	0.00	0.02	0.01	0.01
MRT	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MRH	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MRA	0.02	0.03	0.03	0.02	0.05	0.03	0.03
MIT	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
MIH	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
MIA	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.05
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	0.00	0.70	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Overall

Table 14 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for pig meat production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	0.70	0.80	0.70	0.70	0.85	0.80	0.80
LGH	0.60	0.80	0.60	0.60	0.85	0.80	0.80
LGA	0.60	0.80	0.60	0.60	0.85	0.80	0.80
MRT	0.80	0.90	0.80	0.80	0.95	0.90	0.90
MRH	0.60	0.90	0.60	0.60	0.95	0.90	0.90
MRA	0.60	0.90	0.60	0.60	0.95	0.90	0.90
MIT	0.80	0.90	0.80	0.80	0.95	0.90	0.90
MIH	0.60	0.90	0.60	0.60	0.95	0.90	0.90
MIA	0.60	0.90	0.60	0.60	0.95	0.90	0.90
LLM	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall

Table 15 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for poultry meat production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LGH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LGA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LLM	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall

Table 16 Assumed proportions of total feeds dry matter provided by concentrates for poultry egg production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Proportion of total feeds provided by concentrates
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LGH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LGA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MRA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIT	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIH	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
MIA	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LLM	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
LLR	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Overall

Table 17 Assumed feed conversion efficiencies for pig meat production in different world regions and production systems

Production system	Feed conversion efficiency (on whole system basis)
	(kg feed DM used per kg product output)
	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	6.0	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.4	5.4
LGH	6.3	5.9	5.9	5.9	5.6	5.6	5.6
LGA	6.1	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.5
MRT	6.0	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.4	5.4
MRH	6.3	5.9	5.9	5.9	5.6	5.6	5.6
MRA	6.1	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.5
MIT	6.0	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.4	5.4
MIH	6.3	5.9	5.9	5.9	5.6	5.6	5.6
MIA	6.1	5.7	5.7	5.7	5.3	5.5	5.5
LLM	6.0	5.6	5.6	5.6	5.1	5.4	5.4
LLR	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Overall

Table 18 Assumed feed conversion efficiencies for poultry meat production in different world regions and production systems

	Feed conversion efficiency (on whole system basis)
	(kg feed DM used per kg product output)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	4.5	4.0	4.2	4.2	3.7	4.0	4.0
LGH	4.8	4.3	4.3	4.3	3.9	4.3	4.3
LGA	4.6	4.2	4.3	4.3	3.8	4.2	4.2
MRT	4.1	3.7	4.2	4.2	3.4	3.7	3.7
MRH	4.5	4.0	4.3	4.3	3.7	4.0	4.0
MRA	4.3	3.9	4.3	4.3	3.5	3.9	3.9
MIT	4.1	3.7	4.2	4.2	3.4	3.7	3.7
MIH	4.5	4.0	4.3	4.3	3.7	4.0	4.0
MIA	4.3	3.9	4.3	4.3	3.5	3.9	3.9
LLM	3.6	3.1	3.3	3.3	2.9	3.1	3.1
LLR	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Overall

Table 19 Assumed feed conversion efficiencies for poultry egg production in different world regions and production systems

	Feed conversion efficiency (on whole system basis)
	(kg feed DM used per kg product output)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	4.6	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.1	3.8	3.8
LGH	5.0	4.4	4.4	4.4	3.3	4.1	4.1
LGA	4.8	4.3	4.3	4.3	3.2	3.9	3.9
MRT	4.3	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.1	3.5	3.5
MRH	4.6	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.3	3.8	3.8
MRA	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.0	3.2	3.6	3.6
MIT	4.3	3.8	3.8	3.8	3.1	3.5	3.5
MIH	4.6	4.1	4.1	4.1	3.3	3.8	3.8
MIA	4.4	4.0	4.0	4.0	3.2	3.6	3.6
LLM	3.7	3.2	3.5	3.4	2.8	3.0	2.9
LLR	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Overall

Table 20 Assumed daily feed intake of beef cattle in different world regions and production systems

	Daily feed intake
	(feed dry matter as % liveweight)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	1.75	1.75	2.00	2.38	2.50	2.38	2.50
LGH	1.58	1.58	1.80	2.14	2.25	2.14	2.25
LGA	1.40	1.40	1.60	1.90	2.00	1.90	2.00
MRT	1.93	1.93	2.20	2.61	2.75	2.61	2.75
MRH	1.75	1.75	2.00	2.38	2.50	2.38	2.50
MRA	1.58	1.58	1.80	2.14	2.25	2.14	2.25
MIT	1.93	1.93	2.20	2.61	2.75	2.61	2.75
MIH	1.75	1.75	2.00	2.38	2.50	2.38	2.50
MIA	1.58	1.58	1.80	2.14	2.25	2.14	2.25
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	2.10	2.10	2.40	2.85	3.00	2.85	3.00
Overall

Table 21 Assumed daily feed intake of dairy cattle in different world regions and production systems

	Daily feed intake
	(feed dry matter as % liveweight)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	2.70	2.85	2.85	2.85	3.20	3.20	3.20
LGH	2.60	2.57	2.57	2.57	3.00	3.00	3.00
LGA	2.50	2.28	2.28	2.28	2.80	2.80	2.80
MRT	2.90	3.14	3.14	3.14	3.30	3.30	3.30
MRH	2.80	2.85	2.85	2.85	3.20	3.10	3.10
MRA	2.80	2.85	2.85	2.85	3.20	3.10	3.10
MIT	2.90	3.14	3.14	3.14	3.30	3.30	3.30
MIH	2.80	2.85	2.85	2.85	3.20	3.10	3.10
MIA	2.80	2.85	2.85	2.85	3.20	3.10	3.10
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	2.80	3.42	3.42	3.42	3.60	3.60	3.60
Overall

Table 22 Assumed daily feed intake of small ruminants in different world regions and production systems

	Daily feed intake
	(feed dry matter as % liveweight)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	2.28	2.28	2.60	3.09	3.25	3.09	3.25
LGH	2.05	2.05	2.34	2.78	2.93	2.78	2.93
LGA	1.82	1.82	2.08	2.47	2.60	2.47	2.60
MRT	2.50	2.50	2.86	3.40	3.58	3.40	3.58
MRH	2.28	2.28	2.60	3.09	3.25	3.09	3.25
MRA	2.05	2.05	2.34	2.78	2.93	2.78	2.93
MIT	2.50	2.50	2.86	3.40	3.58	3.40	3.58
MIH	2.28	2.28	2.60	3.09	3.25	3.09	3.25
MIA	2.05	2.05	2.34	2.78	2.93	2.78	2.93
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	2.73	2.73	3.12	3.71	3.90	3.71	3.90
Overall

Table 23 Assumed average liveweights of beef cattle in different world regions and production systems

	Average liveweight
	(kg per head of population)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	210	240	210	280	320	320	320
LGH	180	210	180	240	280	280	280
LGA	140	180	140	210	210	210	210
MRT	170	200	170	220	280	280	280
MRH	140	170	140	200	220	220	220
MRA	110	140	110	170	170	170	170
MIT	170	200	170	220	280	280	280
MIH	140	170	140	200	220	220	220
MIA	110	140	110	170	170	170	170
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	180	210	180	240	240	280	280
Overall
Note: average liveweights in LLR systems in OECD countries make allowances for veal calves

Table 24 Assumed average liveweights of dairy cattle in different world regions and production systems

	Average liveweight
	(kg per head of population)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	300	350	350	400	500	500	500
LGH	250	300	300	350	450	400	450
LGA	250	250	250	300	450	400	450
MRT	300	400	400	400	500	500	500
MRH	250	350	300	350	450	400	450
MRA	250	300	300	350	450	400	450
MIT	300	400	400	400	500	500	500
MIH	250	350	300	350	400	400	400
MIA	250	450	300	400	500	500	500
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	250	350	350	350	500	500	500
Overall
Note: population figures defined by Sere (1994) refer to mature dairy cows only

Table 25 Assumed average liveweights of small ruminants in different world regions and production systems

	Average liveweight
	(kg per head of population)
Production system	SSA	WANA	ASIA	CSA	OECD	EE+CIS	OTH DEVP	Overall
LGT	17	20	17	22	28	25	28
LGH	14	17	14	20	22	22	22
LGA	11	14	11	17	17	20	17
MRT	13	16	13	18	22	20	22
MRH	11	13	11	16	18	18	18
MRA	9	11	9	13	13	16	13
MIT	13	16	13	18	22	20	22
MIH	11	13	11	16	18	18	18
MIA	9	11	9	13	13	16	13
LLM	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
LLR	14	17	14	20	22	22	22
Overall