11. SWOT analysis of collection and cultivation
Medicinal plants have an immense potential in domestic and export market in India in general and Karnataka in particular. The soil and climatic conditions in Karnataka are highly suitable for cultivation of medicinal plants. The forests of Western Ghats and the deciduous forests of Deccan plateau are rich in medicinal plant biodiversity, suitable for managed collection. A SWOT analysis to examine the suitability of the region for collection and cultivation of medicinal plants revealed the following:
11.1 Strengths
- Existence of deep cultural and historical roots of traditional Indian medicine and the knowledge of the properties and therapeutic use of plants.
- Positive policy of state and union Governments for development of medicinal and aromatic plants.
- Availability of vast forest resources in the Western Ghats, hilly areas and man made forests, with rich sources of medicinal plants.
- Well informed farmers, scientific, trading and processing community, willing to share responsibilities.
- Availability of research and development support from UAS, CIMAP, IIHR, Biotech centre, FRHLT and many more private and public sector organizations and NGOs.
11.2 Weaknesses
- Over-exploitation of natural resources from their wild habitats.
- Inadequate information on international demand and supply.
- Inadequate research on sustainable harvest, collection, processing and value addition.
- Lack of infrastructure facilities for collection, drying, storage and processing.
- Lack of management planning.
11.3 Opportunities
- The international market for herbal products is growing at an annual growth rate of 7%.
- A growing market demand for high quality products certified for sustainable, environment-friendly collection and production.
- Consumer preference and concerns for organically grown products is increasing.
- Large stretches of virgin dry lands suitable for organic cultivation of medicinal plants.
11.4 Threats
- Depletion of natural resources at an alarming rate.
- Development of extra legal market mechanisms.
- High fluctuations in the international market price.
- Vagaries of nature like droughts, floods and forest fires.