Table 25
Estimated total catch per boat per year by commercial fishermen in Kainji Lake (From Ita, 1981)
YEAR | 1969 | 1970 | 1971 | 1972 | 1973 | 1974 | 1975 | 1976 | 1977 | 1978 |
Landings in metric tons | 17 000 | 28 639 | 11 037 | 10 905 | 7 320 | 6 093 | 6 000 | 5 800 | 4 500 | 4 500 |
Number of fishing boats | 1 800 | 3 400 | 3 500 | 3 500 | 3 500 | 3 400 | 3 400 | 3 400 | 3 300 | 3 300 |
Mean catch per boat in metric tons | 9.4 | 8.4 | 3.2 | 3.1 | 2.1 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
Table 26
Observed maximum weight, density, standing crop per
hectare etc., for the major commercial species in Kainji Lake
(From Ita, 1981b)
Fish species | Observed Maximum Wt. (kg) | Density per hectare | Standing Crop per Hectare (kg) | Approx. Standard Length (mm) at Maturity of female Fish | Mean Standard Length (mm) at Entry into two Inch Net | Susceptible to Capture before Maturity |
Lates niloticus | 100.0 | 116.7 | 2.8 | 240 | 184 | YES |
Malapterurus electricus | 20.0 | 42.1 | 5.9 | - | - | - |
Hydrocynus vittatus | 15.0 | 0.3 | 0.02 | 210 | 230 | NO |
Bagrus docmac | 12.5 | 5.5 | 1.0 | 300 | 165 | YES |
Clarotes laticeps | 10.0 | 45.5 | 1.9 | 300 | 165 | YES |
Mormyrops deliciosus | 10.0 | 11.4 | 0.4 | 420 (TL) | 240 | YES |
Clarias anguillaris | 7.0 | 16.0 | 3.5 | 500 (TL) | - | YES |
C. lazera | 7.0 | 15.5 | 1.9 | 500 | - | YES |
Mormyrus rume | 5.0 | 12.7 | 1.7 | 369 | 240 | YES |
Citharinus distichodoides | 4.6 | 7.5 | 0.4 | 535 | 120 | YES |
Bagrus bayad | 3.5 | 71.0 | 15.6 | 412 | 165 | YES |
Citharinus citharus | 3.0 | 184.4 | 33.1 | 345 | 221 | YES |
Labeo coubie | 3.0 | 32.6 | 3.0 | 546 | 190 | YES |
L. pseudocoubie | 3.0 | 8.7 | 0.5 | 546 | 190 | YES |
Auchenoglanis occidentalis | 2.0 | 144.2 | 5.8 | 200 | 165 | YES |
Hydrocynus forskahlii | 2.0 | 7.9 | 2.0 | 210 | 240 | NO |
Sarotherodon niloticus | 2.0 | 324.3 | 35.2 | 135 | 135 | YES |
Distichodus rostratus | 2.0 | 37.8 | 2.0 | 300 | 159 | YES |
Auchenoglanis biscutatus | 2.0 | 7.1 | 1.5 | 200 | 165 | YES |
Alestes macrolepidotus | 2.0 | 201.3 | 6.2 | 200 | 190 | YES |
Labeo Senegalensis | 1.5 | 279.9 | 9.0 | 310 | 182 | YES |
Sarotherodon galileaus | 1.5 | 1 470.0 | 42.4 | 126 | 185 | NO |
Synodontis membranaceus | 1.5 | 18.7 | 0.4 | 245 | 186 | YES |
Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus | 1.5 | 38.9 | 0.7 | 171 | 192 | NO |
Channa obscurus | 1.0 | 4.2 | 0.4 | - | 280 | - |
Hyperopisus bebe | 1.0 | 1.9 | 0.1 | 307 | 240 | YES |
Synodontis vermiculatus | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.01 | 170 | 155 | YES |
Hepsetus odoe | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | - | 256 | - |
Alestes dentex | 0.6 | 144.8 | 5.4 | 230 | 205 | YES |
Synodontis gambiensis | 0.5 | 33.7 | 1.3 | 171 | 155 | YES |
Tilapia zillii | 0.3 | 559.2 | 25.0 | 88 | 135 | NO |
Alestes baremose | 0.25 | 371.0 | 5.4 | 180–250 | 203 | NO |
Schilbe mystus | 0.25 | 18.6 | 0.2 | 130–160 | 183 | NO |
Table 27
Relationship between age and standard length (mm) of some larger fish species in Kainji Lake
(From Ita, 1981a)
Standard Length (mm) at maturity | AGE | Source of information | ||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |||
Citharinus citharus | 345 | 180 | 270 | 351 | 394 | - | - | - | - | Arawomo (1972) |
C. distichodoides | 535 | 170 | 302 | 395 | - | 530 | - | - | - | " " |
Synodontis membranaceus | 245 | 72 | 112 | 155 | 198 | 228 | 254 | 275 | - | Willoughby (1974) |
S. gambiensis | 171 | 60 | 94 | 130 | 163 | 191 | 207 | - | - | " " |
Bagrus bayad | 412 | 135 | 242 | 322 | 403 | 465 | 536 | 578 | 614 | Ajayi (1972) |
B. docmac | - | 137 | 249 | 340 | 418 | 485 | 542 | 591 | 634 | " " |
Auchenoglanis occidentalis | 388 | 145 | 250 | 312 | 356 | 390 | - | - | - | " " |
Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus | 171 | 137 | 196 | 237 | 280 | 308 | - | - | - | " " |
Tilapia galilaea | 126 | 140 | 262 | 356 | 399 | 432 | - | - | - | Akintunde (1976) For example using Total Length |
T. nilotica | 135 | 165 | 295 | 383 | 428 | 456 | - | - | - | Akintunde (1976) For Males using and Females using T.L. |
T. zillii | 88 | 146 | 209 | 235 | 256 | - | - | - | - |
Table 28
Comparison of fecundity rates of some larger fish species in Kainji Lake
(From Ita, 1981a)
Species | Total Length (mm) range | Standard Length (mm) range | Weight (g) | Ovary Wt. (g) | Fecundity Range | Mean No. of eggs | Source of information |
Citharinus latus | - | 345–385 (3) | 1 500–2 370 | - | 161 840–305 250 | 244 680 | Arawomo (1972) |
C. distichodoides | - | 535–(2) | 4 500–4 600 | - | 325 200–684 500 | 519 850 | " " |
Lates niloticus | 590–790 (3) | 4.0–12.3 | 14 700–15 600 | 30 033 | Motwani (1970) | ||
Hydrocynus forskahlii | 290–350 (2) | 150–250 | 3.7–11.7 | 10 300–17 300 | 9 200 | " " | |
Synodontis membranaceus | - | 290–319 (8) | - | - | 33 700–179 000 | 106 350 | Willoughby (1974) |
S. gambiensis | - | 171–267 (10) | - | - | 1 390–84 300 | 42 845 | " " |
Auchenoglanis occidentalis | 5 300–16 000 | Ajayi (1972) | |||||
Tilapia galilea | 1 120–7 110 | 3 406 | Akintunde (1976) | ||||
T. nilotica | 250–5 020 | 3 315 | " " | ||||
T. zillii | 1 300–8 050 | 3 842 | " " |
Table 29
Production chart for Pilot Fisheries Scheme at Shagunu Station between July 1980 and December 1980
(From Ita and Eyo, 1981)
No. | Name of Fishermen | Materials Supplied | Amount of Loan Advanced | Quantity of Fish Supplied | Total Amount of Fish Supplied | Amount of Loan Repaid | Cash Paid to Fishermen | Outstanding Balance to Settle |
1 | Alh. Isa Sarkin Ruwa | 1 Boat at 600.00, Engine 800.00 4 Bundles of net at 60.00 each | 1 640.00 | 368 kg | 286.50 | 167.50 | 119.00 | 1 472.50 |
2 | Alh. Doge | 1 Boat at 600, Engine 800 4 Bundles net at 60, 20 twines | 1 670.00 | 616 kg | 1 221.50 | 380.00 | 841.50 | 1 290.00 |
3 | Alh. Umaru/Marafa | 1 Boat at 600, Engine 800 4 Bundles net at 60, 20 twines | 1 670.00 | 525.5 kg | 1 040.50 | 270.00 | 770.50 | 1 400.00 |
4 | Manu Shugaba | 4 Bundles of net at 60 each 20 twines at 1.50 | 270.00 | 187.0 kg | 234.25 | 189.00 | 45.25 | 81.00 |
5 | Tuni Shagaba | Same as 4 above | 270.00 | 109.0 kg | 151.50 | 120.00 | 31.50 | 150.00 |
6 | Alh. Garba Shagunu | Same as 4 above | 270.00 | 56.0 kg | 90.50 | 90.50 | - | 179.50 |
7 | Ahmadu Mohammed | Same as 4 above | 270.00 | 163.0 kg | 128.00 | 117.00 | 11.00 | 153.00 |
8 | Alh. Manu Shagunu | 4 Bundles of net at 60 each | 240.00 | 42.0 kg | 51.00 | 51.00 | - | 189.00 |
9 | Moh. Jirgi | Same as 4 above | 270.00 | 57.0 kg | 29.00 | 23.00 | 5.50 | 246.00 |
10 | Ango Na Allah | Same as 4 above | 270.00 | 51.0 kg | 29.50 | 22.00 | 7.50 | 248.00 |
6 840.00 | 2 174.5 kg | 3 262.25 | 1 430.50 | 1 831.5 | 5 409.00 |
Table 30
Production chart for Pilot Fisheries Scheme at Shagunu Station between January 1981 and July 1981
(From Ita and Eyo, 1981)
Name of Fishermen | Materials Supplied | Amount of Loan Advanced | Quantity of Fish Supplied | Total Amount of Fish Supplied | Amount of Loan Repaid | Cash Paid to Fishermen | Outstanding Balance to Settle |
Alh. Isa Sarkin Ruwa | Boat at 600, Engine 800 4 Bundles of Net at 40 each 20 Cords Twine at 1.00 | 1 652.5 | 414.6 kg | 348.69 | 300.69 | 48.40 | 1 352.21 |
Manu Shugaba | Boat at 600, Engine 800 6 Bundles of Net at 40 each 50 Cords Twine at 1.00 | 1 771 | 374.1 kg | 33.29 | 207.59 | 125.7 | 1 563.41 |
Alh. Marafa | Boat at 600, Engine 800 | 1 400 | 555.6 kg | 482.03 | 309.83 | 177.4 | 1 090.17 |
Alh. Dogo | Boat and Nets | 1 290 | 1 325.2 kg | 2 030.27 | 428.86 | 1 601.41 | 861.14 |
Tunis Shugaba Yumu | Boat at 600, Engine 800 6 Bundles of Net at 40 34 Cords Twine at 1.00 | 1 824 | 195.7 kg | 249.9 | 233.9 | 23 | 1 540.1 |
Alh. Garba Shagunu | Nets and Twines | 419.5 | 2 891.1 kg | 302.06 | 296.06 | 6 | 123.44 |
Ahmadu Moh Moh | Same as 6 above | 153 | 18 kg | 38 | 24 | 6 | 129 |
Alh. Manu Shagunu | Same as 6 above | 189 | 31 kg | 20.15 | 20.15 | - | 168.85 |
Moh. Jirgi | Same as 6 above | 246.5 | - | - | - | - | 246.5 |
Ango Na Allah | Same as 6 above | 248 | - | - | 10 | - | 238 |
Alh. Umaru | Same as 6 above | 44 | 311.3 kg | 203.37 | 44 | 159.37 | - |
Alh. Isyaku | Same as 6 above | 45 | 328.82 kg | 214.84 | 45 | 169.84 | - |
Mass Supply | - | - | 332.7 kg | 459.24 | - | 459.24 | - |
9 282.5 | 4 176.12 kg | 4 673.84 | 1 919.68 | 2 776.36 | 7 362.82 |
Table 31
Kainji Lake Research Institute
Station . . . . . . . MONAI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Expt. Fisheries Pilot Scheme Production Chart: Summary for June 1981
(From Ita and Eyo, 1981)
Name of Fishermen | Total Wt. of Fish Sold (kg) | Species* | Rate/kg | Amount | Loan Repaid in kg/ | Amount of Loan Repaid |
Musa Biyo | 433.2 | Tilapia | 50 | 249.50 | 155.4 | 81.35 |
Lates | 2.00 | |||||
Alh. Mohamadu Adama | 412.2 | Tilapia | 50 | 205.80 | 74 | 37.00 |
Garba Goge | 720.2 | Til. & Cic. | 50 & 60 | 361.10 | 108.2 | 57.40 |
Bagrus | 50 | |||||
Unori Sani | 412.9 | Tilapia | 50 | 208.10 | 103.2 | 49.30 |
Hen., Cla. | 1.00 | |||||
Chuoru Kantama | 354.6 | Tilapia | 50 | 175.40 | 68.5 | 34.45 |
Til. & Lab. | 50 | |||||
Sule Musa | 256.2 | Tilapia | 50 | 128.40 | 80.8 | 40.90 |
Til. & Het. | 50 & 1 | |||||
Alh. Idrisu Mohamadu | 252.0 | Tilapia | 50 | 137.60 | 82.7 | 47.50 |
M. Elect. | 1.00 | |||||
Umoru Sabuke | 20.0 | Tilapia | 50 | 9.90 | 12 | 6.00 |
Sarilhi Engineer | 254.6 | Tilapia | 50 | 127.20 | 76.5 | 39.00 |
Bagrus | 50 | |||||
Alh. Shuibu Tada | 279.2 | Tilapia | 50 | 141.15 | 62.8 | 27.50 |
Lates | 2.00 | |||||
TOTAL | 420.40 |
* Til.= Tilapia Cic.= Citharinus Hen.= Heterotis Lab.= Labeo M. Elect. = Melapterurus
Price for other species range between 0.50 k and 1.00
N.B. US$ 1.00 = 0.66
Table 32
Kainji Lake research Institute
Station . . . . . . . MONAI. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Expt. Fisheries Pilot Scheme Production Chart: Summary for July 1981
(From Ita and Eyo, 1981)
Name of Fishermen | Total Wt. of Fish Sold (kg) | Species* | Rate/kg | Amount | Loan Repaid in kg | Amount of Loan Repaid |
Musa Biyo | 346.2 | Til. & Bab. | 50 & 1 | 187.10 | 85.5 | 48.00 |
Mod., Bab., Lat. | 50 & 1 | |||||
Garba Goge | 408.0 | Til. & Hen. | 50 | 203.90 | 21.0 | 10.80 |
Til. & Bagrus | 1 | |||||
Umoru Sani | 250.9 | Tilapia | 50 | 125.40 | 60.8 | 29.40 |
Til. & Cic. | 50 & 60 | |||||
Umoru Maitama | 274.9 | Tilapia | 50 | 137.45 | 25.2 | 13.20 |
Sule Musa | 168.6 | Tilapia | 50 | 96.95 | 53.5 | 26.75 |
Til., Cic., Lat. | 50, 60, 2 | |||||
Alh. Idrisu Mohammed | 123.1 | Tilapia | 50 | 62.40 | 35 | 19.00 |
M. Elect. | 1 | |||||
Umoru Sabuke | 18.8 | Tilapia | 50 | 9.50 | 10 | 5.00 |
Sariki Engineer | 252.1 | Tilapia | 50 | 131.05 | 66.9 | 39.05 |
Lates & Gyn. | 2 | |||||
Alh. Mohamadu Adama | 249.3 | Tilapia | 50 | 124.20 | 37.6 | 19.10 |
Bagrus | 1 | |||||
Alh. Shuibu Tada | 278.5 | Tilapia | 50 | 139.10 | 46.3 | 23.30 |
Aub. & Bagrus | 1 | |||||
TOTAL | 233.60 |
* Gyn. = Gymnarchus Aub. = Auchenoglanis Mob. = Mormyrops
N.B. US$ 1.00 = 0.66 Nigerian Naira
Table 33
Financial Analysis for the Operation of a Fishery Development
Pilot Scheme at a Station in Kainji Lake (From Ita and Eyo, 1981)
1. | CAPITAL OUTLAY | |||||
(a) | Buildings | |||||
(i) | Fish processing complex | 40 000 | ||||
(ii) | Smoking kilns building | 2 000 | ||||
(iii) | Fish meal shed | 2 000 | ||||
(iv) | Senior staff quarters (2 units) | 60 000 | ||||
(v) | Junior staff quarters (12 units) | 120 000 | ||||
(vi) | Guest house | 30 000 | ||||
Sub-Total | 214 000 | |||||
(b) | Equipment | |||||
(i) | Cold storage plants | 50 000 | ||||
(ii) | Smoking kilns | 10 000 | ||||
(iii) | Blast freezers | 15 000 | ||||
(iv) | Plate freezers | 15 000 | ||||
(v) | Mincing and deboning machine | 10 000 | ||||
(vi) | Fish meal plant | 100 000 | ||||
(vii) | Laboratory equipment | 5 000 | ||||
(viii) | Fuel storage tanks and mechanical equipment | 30 000 | ||||
(ix) | Ice making plant | 20 000 | ||||
(x) | Insulation boxes | 10 000 | ||||
(xi) | Cabinet chillers | 10 000 | ||||
(c) | Vehicles and Vessels | |||||
(i) | Refrigerated van and insulated vessel | 30 000 | ||||
(ii) | Pick-up van and land cruiser | 15 000 | ||||
(iii) | Boats (5) | 3 000 | ||||
(iv) | Engines and parts (5) | 9 000 | ||||
Sub-Total | 332 000 | |||||
2. | RECRUITEMENT EXPENDITURE | |||||
(a) | Staff | |||||
No. | Salary p.a. | |||||
(i) | Senior research development officer | GL 10 | (1) | 5 760.00 | ||
(ii) | Food technologist | GL 08 | (1) | 3 564.00 | ||
(iii) | Technician | GL 06 | (1) | 2 142.00 | ||
(iv) | Lab. attendant | GL 02 | (1) | 942.00 | ||
(v) | Boat driver | GL 04 | (1) | 1 320.00 | ||
(vi) | Motor driver | GL 04 | (2) | 2 640.00 | ||
(vii) | Stores assistant | GL 03 | (1) | 1 044.00 | ||
(viii) | Salesman | GL 03 | (1) | 1 044.00 | ||
(ix) | Labourers | GL 01 | (2) | 1 692.00 | ||
(x) | Guards | GL 01 | (2) | 1 692.00 | ||
(b) | Allowances | 5 000.00 | ||||
(c) | Staff development and tech. assist. | 5 000.00 | ||||
(d) | Vehicle maintenance and running costs | 5 000.00 | ||||
Sub-total | 36 840.00 | |||||
Grand Total | 582 840.00 |