STATUS AND TRENDS IN MANGROVE AREA EXTENT WORLDWIDE

Angola

Vegetation description

Mangroves are found at the mouths of all large rivers, becoming more shrub-like further south and disappearing completely south of Benguela. Rhizophora mangle is the main species, followed by R. racemosa, Avicennia africana (syn. A. nitida) and Conocarpus erectus. Mangroves associated species include: Chrysobalanus ellipticus, Annona palustris, Pandanus spp., Erythroxylon emarginatum

FAO, UNEP. 1981. Tropical forest resources assessment project. Forest resources of tropical Africa. Part II: Country Briefs. FAO, UNEP. 586 pp.

National level mangrove area estimates

Year

Area (ha)

Source

Trend

Methodology/Comments

1972

110 000

Snedaker, S.C. 1991. Personal communication.

Cited in: Fisher, P and Spalding, M.D. 1993. Protected areas with mangrove habitat. Draft Report World Conservation Centre, Cambridge, UK. 60 pp. There is no reference on the method used or on the year of the estimate.

1980

125 000

FAO, UNEP. 1981 Tropical Forest Resources Assessment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Africa. Part II: Country Briefs FAO, UNEP 586pp.

X

Expert estimate

1983

50 000

Saenger, P., Hegerl E.J. and J.D.S., Davie. 1983. Global status of mangrove ecosystems. Commission on Ecology Papers No.3. IUCN. Gland, Switzerland. 88 pp.

Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year.

1983

28 000

Horsten F. 1983. Madeira - Una Análise da situaçao actual. Luanda, Sector de Divulgação e Informação, Direcção Nacional da Conservação da Natureza (DNCN), Ministerio da Agricultura.

Estimation based on Carta Fitogeografica de Angola (Barbosa L.A. Granvaux 1970, IICA, Luanda)

1992

60 700

Spalding, M.D., Blasco, F. and Field, C.D., eds. 1997. World Mangrove Atlas. The International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, Okinawa, Japan. 178 pp.

X

Map analysis, scale 1:1 000 000.

Trends in mangrove area extent over time

The estimate for 2000 has been calculated applying the FRA 2000 (FAO, 2001) annual forest change rate for the year 1990-2000 (-0.2 percent) to the most recent, reliable figure

Year	Area (ha)	Source	Trend	Methodology/Comments
1972	110 000	Snedaker, S.C. 1991. Personal communication.		Cited in: Fisher, P and Spalding, M.D. 1993. Protected areas with mangrove habitat. Draft Report World Conservation Centre, Cambridge, UK. 60 pp. There is no reference on the method used or on the year of the estimate.
1980	125 000	FAO, UNEP. 1981 Tropical Forest Resources Assessment Project, Forest Resources of Tropical Africa. Part II: Country Briefs FAO, UNEP 586pp.	X	Expert estimate
1983	50 000	Saenger, P., Hegerl E.J. and J.D.S., Davie. 1983. Global status of mangrove ecosystems. Commission on Ecology Papers No.3. IUCN. Gland, Switzerland. 88 pp.		Secondary reference, no primary source provided. The "Year" is the publication year.
1983	28 000	Horsten F. 1983. Madeira - Una Análise da situaçao actual. Luanda, Sector de Divulgação e Informação, Direcção Nacional da Conservação da Natureza (DNCN), Ministerio da Agricultura.		Estimation based on Carta Fitogeografica de Angola (Barbosa L.A. Granvaux 1970, IICA, Luanda)
1992	60 700	Spalding, M.D., Blasco, F. and Field, C.D., eds. 1997. World Mangrove Atlas. The International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, Okinawa, Japan. 178 pp.	X	Map analysis, scale 1:1 000 000.