Sea Farming and Sea Ranching in China













Table of Contents


by

Jiansan Jia
Chief
Inland Water Resources and Aquaculture Service
FAO, Rome, Italy

and

Jiaxin Chen
Senior Researcher
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute
Qingdao, Shandong, China

ISSN 0429-9345

FAO
FISHERIES
TECHNICAL
PAPER
418

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.


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© FAO 2001


Table of Contents


PREPARATION OF THIS DOCUMENT

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION

1. MARINE FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA

1.1 Historical Background

1.1.1 Period 1950-1959: initial development
1.1.2 Period 1960-1976: stagnating development
1.1.3 Period 1977-1999: rapid development
1.1.4 Actual status of sea farming and ranching

1.2 Government Policy and Strategies

1.2.1 Fishery development support
1.2.2 Fishery resources protection
1.2.3 Fishery access control
1.2.4 Fishing effort control
1.2.5 Establishment of a protection fee

1.3 Sea Farming and Sea Ranching Development in China

1.3.1 Historical review of sea farming and ranching development
1.3.2 Sea farming and sea ranching technology development

2. BIOLOGY AND CULTURE OF SELECTED SPECIES

2.1. Seaweed

2.1.1 Japanese kelp biology and culture
2.1.2. Laver biology and culture

2.2. Molluscs

2.2.1 Scallop biology and culture
2.2.2 Abalone biology and culture

2.3 Crustaceans

2.3.1 Shrimp biology and culture
2.3.2 Mud crab biology and culture

2.4 Echinoderms: Sea Cucumber Biology and Culture
2.5 Marine Fish: Biology and Culture of the Left-Eyed Flounder

3. SEA FARMING AND SEA RANCHING SYSTEMS IN CHINA

3.1 Pond Culture
3.2 Floating Raft Culture
3.3 Mud Flat Culture
3.4 Pen Culture
3.5 Inshore Cage Culture
3.6 Offshore Cage Culture
3.7 Artificial Reefs
3.8 Sea Ranching and Restocking

4. MARINE RESOURCES MANAGEMENT FOR SEA FARMING AND RANCHING

4.1 Survey of Marine Bio-Resources
4.2 Legislation for Management and Protection of Aquatic Resources
4.3 Research on Genetics and Biodiversity
4.4 Disease Prevention and Health Management
4.5 Marine Habitat Improvement
4.6 Reorganization of the Fishery Sector

5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

5.1 Biological Standards
5.2 Environmental Standards
5.3 Socio-Economic Standards

6. FUTURE PERSPECTIVES FOR SEA FARMING AND RANCHING IN CHINA

REFERENCES

BACK COVER