General Information
· Main climates: Tropical Wet and Dry, Tropical Wet
· Total land area: 31 800 000 ha
· Internal renewable water resources: 76.7 km3
· Incoming water flow: 1.0 km3
· GNP per capita, 1998: PPP$ 1 484
· Main food consumed: Roots & tubers, Rice, Oil & fat, Maize, Fruit
· Rice supply, 1999: 111.4 kg paddy/capita/year
Basic Statistics
|
1985 |
1990 |
1995 |
2000 |
RICE |
|
|
|
|
Harvested area (T ha) |
450.0 |
572.0 |
650.0 |
750.0 |
Yield (kg/ha) |
1200 |
1154 |
1608 |
1548 |
Production (T t) |
540.0 |
660.4 |
1045 |
1161 |
Imports (T t) |
242.3 |
235.0 |
350.0 |
NA |
Exports (t) |
1233 |
0 |
67 |
NA |
OTHERS |
|
|
|
|
Population (M) |
9.87 |
11.63 |
13.52 |
NA |
Agr population (M) |
6.16 |
6.97 |
7.39 |
NA |
Irrigated agr area (T ha) |
54 |
66 |
73 |
NA |
Fertilizer cons (T t) |
41.5 |
35.7 |
66.0 |
NA |
Agr tractors in use (units) |
3300 |
3550 |
3800 |
NA |
Producing Zones and Cropping Seasons
The following table shows rice production in different zones
Production zone |
Production (% total production) |
Man |
20.0 |
Daloa |
17.0 |
Abidjan |
13.0 |
San Pedro |
12.0 |
Odienne |
11.0 |
Korghogo |
7.0 |
Bouake |
7.0 |
Yamoussokro |
7.0 |
Abengourou |
5.0 |
Bondoukou |
1.0 |
The following table shows the rice cropping seasons.
Cropping Season |
Planting |
Harvesting |
Main season, North |
5-6 |
10-12 |
Main season, South |
4-5 |
9-11 |
Off season |
12-2 |
4-6 |
Production Practices
The following figure shows the harvested areas from different ecologies during the last five years.
Rice production is practised by about 8 percent of the population. The average farm size is about 0.8 ha in upland and 0.3 ha in irrigated rice. Upland rice is generally grown as a mono-crop or as in a mixture with other food crops following the slash-and-burn shifting cultivation almost without any application of chemical fertilizer and other ago-chemical. In special project areas of rice-cotton and rice-soybean, upland rice production involves mechanical land preparation, line seeding and fertilizer application. In lowland rice systems land preparation is generally done with power tillers, transplanting is used for crop establishment, and moderate to high rate of fertilizer is generally applied. Weeding is done manually. Farmers do not have appropriate tools and equipment for harvesting and threshing of rice. A number of improved rice varieties have been released for cultivation.
Variety Name |
Ecology |
Growth duration (days) |
Bouake 189 |
Lowland ecologies |
125-130 |
KOSSOU |
Lowland ecologies |
125 |
GAGNOA |
Lowland ecologies |
125 |
NIMBA |
Lowland ecologies |
120 |
SANBELA |
Lowland ecologies |
120 |
YABRA |
Lowland ecologies |
130 |
AKADI |
Lowland ecologies |
135 |
IGUAPE CATETO |
Upland |
135 |
IRAT 10 |
Upland |
110-115 |
IRAT 104 |
Upland |
NA |
IRAT 112 |
Upland |
95-105 |
IRAT 133 |
Upland |
115-125 |
IRAT 144 |
Upland |
110-120 |
MOROBEKAN |
Upland |
130-135 |
ANGBE |
Upland |
125-130 |
BANCO |
Upland |
130 |
DEFI |
Upland |
125 |
FAFA |
Upland |
105 |
FAMOSA |
Upland |
105-110 |
FAVORI |
Upland |
120-125 |
GBLAGNIN |
Upland |
105-110 |
GEANT |
Upland |
120-125 |
GUEGBIN |
Upland |
120 |
IVOIRE |
Upland |
130 |
ROSO |
Upland |
120 |
SAVANA |
Upland |
130 |
TOUBAKO |
Upland |
105 |
WABSON |
Upland |
105 |
The following table shows the rice responses to fertilizer application.
Other information |
Test range (kg/ha) |
Control rate (kg/ha) |
Control yield (t/ha) |
Rate at Max yield (kg/ha) |
Max yield (t/ha) |
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety IDSA, with 100 KgP + 100 kg K/ha, upland condition |
0-100 |
1.54 |
0 |
2.9 |
100 |
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety Bouaké, with 100 KgP + 100 kg K/ha, irrigated |
0-100 |
1.66 |
0 |
2.77 |
100 |
Phosphorus (P2O5) |
|
|
|
|
|
Reported in 1992, Man (forest zone), Ultisol, with 100 KgN/ha, variety WAB 56-125, upland |
0-90 |
0 |
1.64 |
60 |
3.19 |
Reported in 1992, Man (forest zone), Ultisol, with 100 KgN/ha, variety WAB 56-104, upland |
0-90 |
0 |
1.43 |
90 |
3.03 |
Reported in 1992, Man (forest zone), Ultisol, with 100 KgN/ha, variety WAB 56-50, upland |
0-90 |
0 |
1.15 |
90 |
3.49 |
Reported in 1992, Man (forest zone), Ultisol, with 100 KgN/ha, variety IDSA 6, upland |
0-90 |
0 |
1.32 |
90 |
2.44 |
Reported in 1992, Man (forest zone), Ultisol, with 100 KgN/ha, variety ITA 257, upland |
0-90 |
0 |
0.9 |
30 |
2.24 |
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety IDSA, with 100 KgN + 100 kg K/ha, upland |
0-100 |
0 |
2.63 |
100 |
2.9 |
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety Bouaké, with 100 KgN + 100 kg K/ha, irrigated |
0-100 |
0 |
3.11 |
0 |
3.11 |
Potassium (K2O) |
|
|
|
|
|
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety IDSA, with 100 KgN + 100 kg P/ha, upland |
0-100 |
0 |
3.49 |
0 |
3.49 |
Reported in 1992, Mbé, variety Bouaké, with 100 KgN + 100 kg P/ha, irrigated |
0-100 |
0 |
2.68 |
100 |
2.77 |
Constraints and Issues of Sustainable Production
There are several constraints to sustainable rice production in Cote D'Ivoire. Following are the majors:
Dominant of upland shifting cultivation
Drought stress, lows soil fertility, erosion of soil and soil fertility in upland areas which is the dominant rice ecology
Blast and weed competition
Inadequate and Irregular input supplies: seeds, fertilizer and credit
Lack of well-defined rice policies: rice has been given low priority in national policy
Weak research and extension support
Poor road networks and marketing systems
The following table shows the rice production costs.
Other information |
Yield (t/ha) |
Cost ($/ha) |
Cost ($/t) |
93, Upland, Forest, Traditional |
0.75 |
180 |
240 |
93, Upland, Cidt, Mechanized |
1.8 |
431 |
239 |
93, Upland,Riz-Soja Project, Mechanized |
2 |
586 |
293 |
93, Upland, North West Plain, Mechanized |
1.2 |
340 |
283 |
93, Rainfed lowland, Central West, Manual |
2.7 |
668 |
247 |
93, Irrigated, Central North, Manual |
4 |
545 |
136 |
Sustainable rice production depends greatly on appropriate policy to provide farmers with support in inputs supply and marketing of products. The improvement and development of lowland production systems with improved water supply and control would be essential.
Research and Development Institutes
· Centre de recherches rizicoles Ferkessedougou, Ferkessedougou
· Centre international de multiplication et d'approvisonnement de semences de selection, Dabou
· Institut des savanes, B.P. 633, Bouake 01, Phone: 635121 Telex: 69138 ADRAO CI Fax: (225) 632045
· Ministere de l'agriculture et des ressources animales, 01 BP 147
· Projet Serebou Gestion, B.P. 161, Abidjan 04, Phone: (225) 216590 Telex: (983) 22371 VELOP CI Fax: (225) 210239
· Societe pour le developpement et l'exploitation du riz, Dekokaha,
· Institut des savanes, Station experimentale de Gagnoa, Gagnoa
· Institut des Savanes (IDESSA), B.P. 633 Bouake, Cote D'Ivoire
· WARDA, B.P. 2551 Bouake, Cote D'Ivoire; Fax 225 634714; Email [email protected]
· M. G. Karidioula, IDESSA/DCV, 01 B.P. 633 Bouaké 01, Côte d'Ivoire, Tel: 63 51 21/63 51 22, Fax: 63 20 45
· IDESSA/DCV, 01 BP 635 Bouaké 01, Côte dIvoire, Tel: 63 51 21/63 51 22, Fax: 63 20 45
· Service Agronomique au Projet National Riz (PNR), Ministère de lAgriculture et des Ressources Animales, 01 BP 147, Abidjan 01
· Direction des Productions Vivrières, Ministère de lAgriculture et des Ressources Animales, Abidjan, Tel.: (225) 20225952