Table 7.3 Species composition of mutobi scoop nets by mesh size (Ruwet, 1961)
Net mesh in cm | 3.0 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 5.0 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
Cichlidae | ||||||||||
Tilapia macrochir | ||||||||||
<<Makoki>> | 993 | 49.50 | 1 086 | 64.14 | 1 423 | 74.50 | 1 057 | 83.69 | 772 | 88.03 |
T. melanopleura | ||||||||||
<<Kituku>> | 634 | 31.61 | 364 | 21.50 | 336 | 17.59 | 177 | 14.01 | 94 | 10.72 |
T. sparrmani | ||||||||||
<<Kifinsa>> | 353 | 17.00 | 215 | 12.70 | 113 | 05.91 | 14 | 01.11 | 5 | 00.57 |
Seronochromis | ||||||||||
kafuensis | 2 | 00.09 | 9 | 00.53 | 7 | 00.37 | 6 | 00.48 | 4 | 00.46 |
<<Makobo>> | ||||||||||
Haplochromis mellandi | 15 | 00.75 | 12 | 00.71 | 18 | 00.94 | 3 | 00.24 | 1 | 00.11 |
<<M'bilia>> | ||||||||||
Siluridae | ||||||||||
Clarias gariepinus | - | - | - | - | 11 | 00.58 | 6 | 00.48 | 1 | 00.11 |
<<Kabambale>> | ||||||||||
Cyprinidae | ||||||||||
Barbus paludinosus | 9 | 00.45 | 7 | 00.41 | 2 | 00.10 | - | - | - | - |
<<N'dagala>> | ||||||||||
TOTAL | 2 006 | 100.00 | 1 693 | 99.99 | 1 910 | 99.99 | 1 263 | 100.01 | 877 | 100.00 |
Table 7.4 Species composition data according to biotope, obtained through experimental fishing (Ruwet, 1961)
Biotopes | T. macrochir % | T. melanopleura % | T. sparrmani % | Serranochromis kafuensis % | Haplochromis mellandi % | Clarias gariepinus % | Number of fish examined |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Grassy plains dominated by Oryza | 33.50 | 62.68 | 01.16 | 00.45 | - | 02.21 | 1 991 |
Grassy edges of channels | 39.27 | 49.78 | 00.43 | 02.79 | 00.21 | 07.51 | 466 |
Waterlilies | 57.55 | 31.36 | 04.73 | 02.00 | 00.18 | 04.18 | 1 100 |
Floating aquatic plants | 51.28 | 31.95 | 01.38 | 07.29 | 00.59 | 07.49 | 507 |
Open water in channel | 69.43 | 27.15 | 00.39 | 01.55 | 00.31 | 01.16 | 1 289 |
Open water | 95.30 | 03.49 | - | - | - | 00.27 | 2 147 |
Table 7.5 Species composition data for two areas during various months of the year (Ruwet, 1961)
Area | T. macrochir | T. melanopleura | T. sparrmani | Serranochromis Haplochromis | Silures (Clarias) | No of fish examined | No. of fishing operations examined |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mulandi | |||||||
December 59 | 72.64 | 25.89 | 00.21 | 00.65 | 00.62 | 15.898 | - |
January 60 | 84.31 | 13.83 | 00.15 | 01.14 | 00.56 | 10.503 | - |
February | 84.45 | 11.64 | 00.24 | 02.28 | 01.39 | 10.655 | 64 |
March | 82.18 | 15.39 | 00.09 | 01.05 | 01.29 | 8.971 | 61 |
April | 76.77 | 16.22 | 00.24 | 02.66 | 04.09 | 4.501 | 41 |
May June | 53.03 | 42.45 | 01.23 | 01.61 | 01.67 | 8.184 | 51 |
July | 50.48 | 45.87 | 00.78 | 01.45 | 01.42 | 17.570 | 106 |
46.89 | 45.65 | 01.05 | 02.35 | 04.06 | 13.647 | 75 | |
Lukoshi | |||||||
January | 87.39 | 10.48 | - | 01.51 | 00.44 | 4.306 | - |
February | 79.34 | 11.18 | - | 02.47 | 07.01 | 8.175 | 75 |
March | 73.17 | 22.09 | - | 01.58 | 03.16 | 14.076 | 102 |
April | 91.87 | 05.35 | - | 02.04 | 00.74 | 24.972 | 240 |
May | 90.44 | 07.49 | - | 01.87 | 00.21 | 14.013 | 190 |
June | 89.24 | 06.84 | - | 02.65 | 01.27 | 11.911 | 164 |
Table 7.6 Species composition data for all catches on the lake in the period 1957–1960 (Ruwet, 1961)
Period | Number of fish examined | T. macrochir % | T. melanopleura % | Cichlidae voraces % | Clarias gariepinus % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1957 | 23 594 | 84.39 | 3.60 | 1.35 | 10.60 |
1958 | 31 480 | 71.02 | 3.25 | 1.98 | 23.74 |
X.59 - VII.60 | 167 036 | 75.81 | 20.57 | 1.75 | 1.87 |
Table 8.1 Summary of high-water (June-July) and low-water (September-October) estimates of ichthyomass in metric (and short) tonnes for the Kafue Flats in 1970 (after Lagler et al., 1971).
Period of estimate, 1970 | Ichthyomass | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Lagoons | Floodplain | River | Total | |
High water June-July | 85 374 t | 8 704 t | 1 786 t | 95 864 t |
Low water September-October | 56 426 t | 0 | 979 t | 57 405 t |
Table 8.2 Relative abundance by weight of nineteen species of commercial fishes at high water (June-July) and at low water (August-September) on the Kafue Flats in 1970 (after Lagler et al., 1971).
Commercial species | High-water ichthyomass Percentage of total | Low-water ichthyomass Percentage of total |
---|---|---|
Tilapia andersoni | 26.65 | 31.72 |
Tilapia macrochir | 18.41 | 19.07 |
Tilapia melanopleura | 17.43 | 5.03 |
Tilapia sparrmani | 13.03 | 2.09 |
Serranochromis angusticeps | 2.98 | 2.31 |
Serranochromis macrocephalus | 0.30 | 0.23 |
Serranochromis robustus | 0.23 | 0.27 |
Serranochromis thumbergi | 0.57 | 0.11 |
Haplochromis carlottae | 3.16 | 0.84 |
Haplochromis codringtoni | 0.22 | 0.03 |
Haplochromis giardi | 0.15 | 1.45 |
Hepsetus odoe | 3.95 | 5.97 |
Gnathonemus macrolepidotus | 0.70 | 2.19 |
Mormyrus lacerda | 0.01 | 0.00 |
Schilbe mystus | 1.82 | 15.60 |
Clarias gariepinus | 5.95 | 8.05 |
Clarias ngamensis | 3.50 | 4.39 |
Synodontis macrostigma | 0.39 | 0.35 |
Labeo molybdinus | 0.55 | 0.30 |
Table 8.3 List of commercial fish species with their vernacular names as used in the Kafue Plains
Scientific name | Lozi name | Batwa name |
---|---|---|
Mormyrus lacerda | Ndikusi | Namuko |
Gnathonemus macrolepidotus | Nembele | Hyansi |
Hepsetus odoe | Mulumezi | Shimwenge |
Labeo cylindricus | Linyonga | Shichidungwe |
Schilbe mystus | Lubango | Shilitungu |
Clarias gariepinus | Mbuli | Sangalala |
Clarias ngamensis | Mbutwame | Lumbe |
Synodontis macrostigma | Singonge | Sicokocoko |
Tilapia macrochir | Mu | Mwanga |
T. andersonii | Njinji | Mpese |
T. melanopleura | Mbufu | Mzala |
T. sparmanii | Situu | Mugulalobe |
Serranochromis thumbergi | Munungu | |
S. angusticeps | Mushuna | Mulomwe |
S. macrosephala | Njenga | Indiwamatambo |
S. robustus | Nembwe | |
Haplochromis species | Seo | Namawe |
Mbuma | ||
Alestes lateralis | Chitaka |
Table 8.4 Summary of data on fish production on the Kafue Flats, 1957–1969 (after Lagler et al., 1971)
Year | Tonnes |
---|---|
1957 | 7 548 |
1958 | 10 250 |
1959 | 4 440 |
1960 | 2 450 |
1961 | 3 940 |
1962 | 5 640 |
1963 | 7 040 |
1964 | 7 980 |
1965 | 10 600 |
1966 | 6 090 |
1967 | 2 890 |
1968 | 4 880 |
1969 | 5 720 |
Table 8.5 Summary of catch statistics, number of fishermen and boats on the Kafue Flats/Gorge Reservoir Complex
Year | Total catch (t) | No. of fishermen | No. of boats |
---|---|---|---|
1966 | 10 709 | - | - |
1967 | 3 941 | - | - |
1968 | 6 183 | - | - |
1969 | 9 938 | - | - |
1970 | 9 582 | 1 262 | 1 163 |
1971 | 8 247 | - | - |
1972 | 7 874 | - | - |
1973 | 6 289 | 1 034 | 1 021 |
1974 | 5 177 | - | - |
1975 | 7 226 | - | - |
1976 | 9 306 | - | - |
1977 | 9 829 | - | - |
1978 | 8 634 | 2 633 | 1 790 |
1979 | 10 851 | - | - |
1980 | 7 741 | 4 000* | 2 200* |
1981 | 9 619 | 4 000* | 2 200* |
1982 | 8 907 | 4 000* | 2 200* |
Source: 1966–74: Bazigos et al., 1975
* Estimated by Coopconsult-Propesca, 1982
Table 8.6 Periods of sexual activity of commercial fish species in the Kafue River
Species | Period |
---|---|
Gnathonemus macrolepidotus | December to February |
Hepsetus odöe | December to February |
Alestes lateralis | December to March |
Labeo cylindricus | December to April |
Schilbe mystus | December to April |
Synodontis macrostigma | December to April |
Tilapia sparrmanii | peaks in January and May |
Serranochromis angusticeps | December to June |
Table 9.1 Summary of availability of data and information on subject matters investigated
Lake | |||||||||||||
Subject | |||||||||||||
Inflowing river | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Pre-impoundment study | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | ++ | - | - | + |
Yield prediction | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | + |
hydrology | ± | + | + | + | + | + | - | + | + | + | + | - | + |
Morphometry | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | - | - |
Description fishery | ++ | ± | - | - | + | - | ± | ± | ± | + | + | - | + |
Annual yield data | + | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | ± | ± | - | - |
Catch rates | + | ± | - | - | + | - | - | - | ± | - | - | - | - |
Fishing effort | + | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Mesh selectivity | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | + |
Species composition | + | + | - | - | + | - | - | - | + | + | + | - | + |
Small clupeids | + | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | - | + | - |
Fish biological data | + | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | + |
Management | + | + | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | + | - | + |
Introduction of species | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | - | - | + | + | - |
(++: available and well described;
+: available;
±: scarce data or poor description;
-: not available;)
Figure 1.1 Map of Africa indicating countries studied
Figure 2.1 Principal reservoirs in Cameroon
Figure 2.2 Shape of the Lagdo Reservoir
Figure 2.3 Annual variations in water level of Lake Lagdo in the period 1983–1987 (after Zwollo, 1988)
Figure 2.4 Evolution of the number of masterfishermen around Lake Lagdo.
Figure 2.5 Breakdown of masterfishermen by nationality.
Figure 2.6 Quantities of fresh and processed fish marketed at Lagdo in 1989 and 1990 (source:MINEPIA).
Figure 2.7 Monthly average catch rates for gillnets at Lake Lagdo in 1990.
Figure 2.8 Monthly average catch rates for gillnets operated on motorized canoes around Lake Lagdo in 1990.
Figure 2.9 Frequency of nets by mesh size in Lagdo Fishery in 1990.
Figure 2.10 Length frequency of Sarotherodon galilaeus from gillnet catches of different mesh sizes.
Figure 2.11 Shape of the Maga Reservoir
Figure 3.1 Map of Côte d'lvoire showing principal reservoirs
Figure 3.2 Shape of Kossou Reservoir
Figure 3.3 Average catch rates for different mesh sizes in monifilament gillnets.
Figure 3.4 Average catch rates for different mesh sizes in multifilament gillnets.
Figure 3.5 Average catch rates for Pellonula afzeliusi in Lake Kossou (May 1973–March 1975).
1. HEMICHROMIS FASCIATUS | 7. LABEO COUBIE |
2. HETEROTIS NILOTICUS | 8. EUTROPIUS MENTALIS |
3. HEPSETUS ODOE | 9. DISTICHODUS ROSTRATUS |
4. TILAPIA ZILLII | 10. CHRYSICHTHYS SPP. |
5. TILAPIA GALILAEA | 11. ALESTES RUTILUS |
6. LATES NILOTICUS | 12. ALESTES NURSE |
13. ALESTES BAREMOZE |
Figure 3.6 Species composition of gillnet catches in Lake Kossou (after Roest, 1975)
Figure 4.1 Principal reservoirs in Mali
Figure 4.2 Shape of the Manantali Reservoir (after Anne et al., in press)
Figure 4.3 Sequential filling of Manantali Reservoir (after Anne et al., in press)
Figure 4.4 Summary of frame survey results of Manantali reservoir (after Anne et al., in press)
Figure 4.5 Differences in species composition of catches from cleared and uncleared lake areas (Anne et al., in press)
Figure 4.6 Shape of the Sélingué Reservoir (after Anne et al., in press)
Figure 5.1 Principal reservoirs in Sudan
Figure 6.1 Principal reservoirs in Tanzania
Figure 6.2 Shape of the Mtera lake in the area of the dam
Figure 7.1 Principal reservoir in Zaire
Figure 8.1 Principal reservoirs in Zambia