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Appendix One (Contd.)

 NumbersWeights (kg)%Ripe
(Numbers)
SpMoGrMSTotalMFMrFrFsTotalMFMrFrFs
South East Arm of Lake Malawi, N of Boadzulu Island
KAR1GN2.4 26179004 8.85.83.00.00.01.3 0.0
KAR1GN2.5 20713146 6.42.04.40.01.12.2 25.0
KAR1MWTB 3179001 5.11.61.80.00.00.2 0.0
KAR1SC2.5 321101 0.90.70.30.30.00.3 33.3
KAR1SC2.4 57332411119 19.812.58.60.00.37.0 1.8
KAR1SK2.4 1596810 6.54.71.80.00.30.0 60.0
LID1GN2.4 202002 0.70.00.70.00.00.7 0.0
LID1GN2.5 413003 1.30.21.10.00.01.1 0.0
LID1MWTB 154916351030 64.438.825.63.04.213.5 9.7
LID1SC2.5 817007 3.60.53.10.00.03.1 0.0
LID1SC2.4 404003 1.40.01.40.00.01.1 0.0
LID1SK2.4 171161111 8.00.67.40.60.35.6 11.8
SQU1GN2.5 4520256713 13.05.77.41.82.43.7 28.9
SQU1GN2.4 431000 1.20.90.30.00.00.0 0.0
SQU1MWTB 6027321105 17.07.99.00.43.61.3 18.3
SQU1SC2.5 423292907 16.412.93.312.10.02.7 69.0
SQU1SC2.4 321000 0.80.50.30.00.00.0 0.0
SQU1SK2.4 21912737 8.14.24.04.21.12.3 47.6
KAR2GN2.5 19712077 5.62.13.60.02.11.4 36.8
KAR2MWTB 1027015 2.50.52.00.00.31.5 10.0
KAR2SC2.4 239140011 5.82.43.40.00.02.7 0.0
KAR2SC2.4 1358408 4.92.52.32.20.02.3 30.8
LID2GN2.5 211010 0.50.20.30.00.30.0 50.0
LID2MWTB 4126152014 17.811.16.71.20.06.4 4.9
LID2SC2.5 271512019 9.04.94.10.00.43.1 3.7
LID2SC2.4 505005 2.90.02.90.00.02.9 0.0
SQU2GN2.5 39211810413 11.06.14.93.21.13.6 35.9
SQU2MWTB 6336272611 19.110.58.60.72.33.8 12.7
SQU2SC2.4 34112311119 12.95.27.85.20.26.1 35.3
SQU2SC2.5 235182216 6.51.35.20.70.54.7 17.4
KAR3GN2.4 6043170016 20.814.66.20.00.05.9 0.0
KAR3GN2.5 1477016 4.12.12.00.00.31.7 7.1
KAR3MWTB 541517109 11.44.05.00.60.03.3 1.9
KAR3SC2.5 1257116 4.41.82.70.30.32.7 16.7
KAR3SK2.4 1486606 5.23.51.72.80.01.7 42.9
LID3GN2.4 211001 0.80.40.40.00.00.4 0.0
LID3GN2.5 514104 2.10.31.80.30.01.8 20.0
LID3MWTB 188102830075 94.253.340.70.00.037.8 0.0
LID3SC2.5 5420341232 23.67.616.00.30.715.3 5.6
LID3SK2.4 180180018 8.20.08.20.00.08.2 0.0
SQU3GN2.5 1275105 3.51.91.60.30.01.6 8.3
SQU3GN2.4 3724131110 11.07.23.90.40.33.1 5.4
SQU3MWTB 13966540423 36.119.314.30.01.26.6 2.9
SQU3SC2.5 33249918 13.910.13.83.30.33.4 30.3
SQU3SK2.4 100100010 3.10.03.10.00.03.1 0.0
KAR4GN2.5 10753540034 31.015.415.60.00.010.7 0.0
KAR4GN2.4 201010006 5.52.92.60.00.01.8 0.0
KAR4MWTB 16862520014 40.517.916.40.00.05.9 0.0
KAR4SK2.4 10016190112 20.46.87.40.00.45.3 1.0
LID4GN2.4 734000 1.50.60.90.00.00.0 0.0
LID4GN2.5 211001 0.80.30.50.00.00.5 0.0
LID4MWTB 14668660028 67.734.032.20.00.015.8 0.0
LID4SK2.4 303001 1.40.01.40.00.00.4 0.0
SQU4GN2.4 844000 1.91.00.90.00.00.0 0.0
SQU4GN2.5 271215007 7.83.54.30.00.01.9 0.0
SQU4MWTB 15061460122 38.018.114.70.00.48.2 0.7
SQU4SK2.4 300000 0.50.00.00.00.00.0 0.0
KAR5GN2.5 512624000 12.96.56.30.00.00.0 0.0
KAR5GN2.4 653629000 15.99.16.80.00.00.0 0.0
KAR5MWTB 995017004 20.812.14.70.00.01.2 0.0
KAR5SK2.5 1802000 2.30.00.70.00.00.0 0.0
KAR5SK2.4 1064010 6.13.62.50.00.50.0 10.0
LID5GN2.5 633000 1.50.80.60.00.00.0 0.0
LID5MWTB 13956640011 65.330.732.40.00.06.0 0.0
LID5SK2.5 441230000 16.84.012.60.00.00.0 0.0
SQU5GN2.4 21120000 5.02.72.20.00.00.0 0.0
SQU5GN2.5 16123000 4.03.10.70.00.00.0 0.0
SQU5MWTB 18059790017 46.116.324.20.00.06.0 0.0
SQU5SK2.4 110000 0.30.30.00.00.00.0 0.0
SQU5SK2.5 412613000 10.46.73.50.00.00.0 0.0
KAR6GN2.4 28216000 5.64.11.40.00.00.0 0.0
KAR6GN2.5 725000 1.80.51.40.00.00.0 0.0
KAR6MWTB 351618017 11.35.95.30.00.52.2 2.9
LID6GN2.4 261610000 8.65.33.40.00.00.0 0.0
LID6GN2.5 20154000 5.74.51.00.00.00.0 0.0
LID6MWTB 1096045007 48.227.919.70.00.03.9 0.0
SQU6GN2.5 352013001 8.54.63.50.00.00.5 0.0
SQU6GN2.4 19118000 4.73.11.60.00.00.0 0.0
SQU6MWTB 1073446005 27.39.314.40.00.01.5 0.0
KAR7GN2.5 1447000 3.30.91.90.00.00.0 0.0
KAR7MWTB 1106144072 45.325.619.10.03.81.1 6.4
LID7GN2.5 422814000 10.66.93.70.00.00.0 0.0
LID7GN2.4 110000 0.30.30.00.00.00.0 0.0
LID7MWTB 1044649020 41.717.622.30.01.50.0 1.9
SQU7MWTB 1557765009 60.634.724.30.00.04.7 0.0
KAR8GN2.5 261114000 7.03.13.80.00.00.0 0.0
KAR8MWTB 1056835032 25.814.18.80.00.90.7 2.9
KAR8SK2.4 433943830 29.026.82.226.61.70.0 95.3
LID8GN2.5 563224110 16.19.36.80.60.50.0 3.6
LID8MWTB 1234860100 56.921.333.40.73.70.0 0.8
SQU8GN2.5 241110000 6.52.83.20.00.00.0 0.0
SQU8MWTB 19410657000 52.931.617.00.00.00.0 0.0
KAR9GN2.5 341321700 12.54.22.52.50.00.0 20.6
KAR9MWTB 622823051 16.39.45.50.01.50.3 8.1
KAR9SC2.4 181441440 14.611.43.311.43.30.0 100.0
KAR9SK2.4 35201519150 23.715.67.315.27.30.0 97.1
LID9MWTB 1315763270 43.517.624.61.34.00.0 6.9
LID9SK2.4 201010 1.20.01.10.01.10.0 50.0
SQU9GN2.5 743000 1.91.20.70.00.00.0 0.0
SQU9MWTB 26294103000 80.633.438.70.00.00.0 0.0
SQU9SK2.4 211100 0.90.70.20.70.00.0 50.0
KAR10GN2.4 392217007 13.56.96.60.00.02.6 0.0
KAR10GN2.3 632000 2.41.50.70.00.00.0 0.0
KAR10MWTB 220000 0.90.90.00.00.00.0 0.0
KAR10SC2.4 3313101731 21.28.96.010.81.70.4 60.6
LID10GN2.3 291019010 10.83.87.00.00.30.0 3.4
LID10GN2.4 110000 0.40.40.00.00.00.0 0.0
LID10MWTB 2221309214192 101.859.941.918.39.60.0 23.9
LID10SC2.4 303011 2.60.02.60.01.00.8 33.3
SQU10GN2.4 211000 0.50.20.30.00.00.0 0.0
SQU10GN2.3 101000 0.30.00.30.00.00.0 0.0
SQU10MWTB 1019000 2.80.22.60.00.00.0 0.0
KAR11GN2.4 1376003 3.92.02.00.00.00.9 0.0
KAR11GN2.5 422000 1.30.60.70.00.00.0 0.0
KAR11MWTB 2688012 5.72.12.40.00.30.9 3.8
KAR11SK2.5 1181002 4.53.31.20.00.00.9 0.0
KAR11SK2.4 30219106 9.36.72.50.30.02.5 3.3
LID11GN2.4 381820017 11.65.36.20.00.32.2 2.6
LID11GN2.5 312101 1.10.50.70.50.00.7 33.3
LID11MWTB 20910498261232 98.952.645.616.47.516.0 18.2
LID11SK2.5 330100 1.21.20.00.50.00.0 33.3
LID11SK2.4 1506306 5.73.52.21.30.01.5 20.0
SQU11GN2.5 27216200 7.05.51.50.70.00.0 7.4
SQU11GN2.4 330000 0.80.80.00.00.00.0 0.0
SQU11MWTB 501424100 12.04.06.70.50.00.0 2.0
SQU11SK2.4 202000 0.50.00.50.00.00.0 0.0
KAR12GN2.5 1367033 4.01.92.20.01.01.9 23.1
KAR12MWTB 661720037 16.66.17.70.01.73.5 4.5
LID12GN2.5 734301 2.51.31.21.30.00.3 42.9
LID12MWTB 202949881135 78.437.439.84.45.415.7 9.4
SQU12GN2.5 372512222 9.96.63.30.50.60.6 10.8
SQU12MWTB 813630340 30.817.112.12.02.40.0 8.6

Notes: Sp= Species,
Mo= Month of Sampling,
Gr= Gear,
Ms= Minor Stratum or Commercial Fishing Area,
Tot= Number/Weight of Species in Sample,
M= Number/Weight of Males in Sample,
F= Number/Weight of Females in Sample,
Mr= Number/Weight of Ripe Males in Sample,
Fr= Number/Weight of Ripe Females in Sample,
Fs= Number/Weight Spent remains in Sample,
KAR= O. karongae,
LID= O. lidole,
SQU=O.squamipinnis
Gn= Gillnet,
SC= Chambo Seine,
Sk= Kambuzi Seine/Nkatcha Net,
MWT= 38mm Midwater Trawl,
RN= 102mm Ringnet

GLOSSARY

Artisanal Fishery: a small-scale commercial fishing operation, using various nets and small planked boats or canoes, powered manually or by outboard engine. (chambo & kambuzi seine (qv) nets, nkatcha net (qv), chirimila net (qv), gillnet). Generally referred to in Malawi as ‘Traditional Fisheries’.

Bottom Trawl: Demersal trawl operated by a single boat, usually in water deeper than 50m.

Chambo: 3 endemic species of tilapiine cichlids classified within the subgenus Nyasalapia of the genus Oreochromis.

Chambo Seine: a large-meshed beach seine targeted on chambo (qv).

Chirimila Net: a small seine net used clear of the bottom to catch usipa (qv), utaka (qv) and ncheni (qv).

Chisawasawa: chichewa name for some categories of demersal haplochromine cichlids (qv): (i) large species caught by gillnets; (ii) small species caught by pair trawls (qv); (iii) all species caught by Maldeco Fisheries (qv).

Copadichromis: small zooplankton-feeding haplochromine cichlids (qv). Mostly found inshore in shallow waters, a few metres above the bottom (‘semipelagic’).

CPUE: catch per unit effort. Weight of fish caught in a given unit of time by a standard type of fishing craft. A direct measure of the density of fish in the environment.

Diplotaxodon: a genus of haplochromine cichlids (qv) endemic to Lake Malawi, confined to waters with a bottom depth greater than 20m. Most species are undescribed. The most important food fishes are small pelagic zooplankton feeders- ecological counterparts to Limnothrissa of Lake Tanganyika.

Endemic: naturally-occurring exclusively within a specific area (NB not to be confused with indigenous, which means naturally-occurring within a specific area, but not necessarily only that area).

Fatch: Mr.F.Fatch. Prior to 1992, the only semi-industrial (qv) fishing operator to use a technique other than pair trawling (qv). Owner of a bottom trawl (qv) unit in the S.E.Arm and a pair trawl unit in the S.W.Arm.

Fox Model: a surplus production model for the calculation of the MSY (qv) of a fishery. It is based on a regression of the logarithm of cpue on effort. Appropriate for fish stocks which do not collapse suddenly at high levels of exploitation.

Fmsy: Fishing effort required to produce the MSY (qv).

Haplochromines: demersal, pelagic and semipelagic cichlids of the haplochromine tribe of the family cichlidae. Mostly, but not all, small species.

Industrial Fishery: fishing operation with a high degree of capitalisation, including considerable investment in onshore landing, processing, repair and transport facilities.

Kambuzi: small cichlids caught by seine nets. Mostly small demersal species, but also including juveniles of larger demersal and pelagic species.

Kambuzi Seine: a small-meshed beach seine targeted on kambuzi (qv), usipa (qv) or immature chambo (qv).

Kampango: Bagrus meridionalis, a large predatory catfish.

Lethrinops: a genus of haplochromine cichlids (qv) endemic to Lake Malawi and associated water bodies. Includes most of the important demersal species exploited by trawl fisheries.

Maldeco: Maldeco Fisheries Limited, a subsidiary of Press Incorporated. The only industrial fishing (qv) company presently operating in Malawi.

Mbaba: chichewa name for large demersal haplochromine cichlids (qv) caught by seines or pair trawls (qv).

Mechanised Fishery: a fishery operated by larger craft, using inboard engines (includes both industrial (qv) and semi-industrial (qv) fisheries). Generally referred to as ‘Commercial Fisheries’ in Malawi.

Midwater Trawl: a semipelagic trawl, in which heavy otter boards are set to drag the bottom, but the net is weighted to float clear of the substrate.

MSY: Maximum sustainable yield. The largest weight of fish which can be caught in a given time period (usually one year), without causing a reduction in catch rates in future years.

Ncheni: chichewa name for haplochromine (qv) cichlids of the genus Rhamphochromis (qv).

Ndunduma: chichewa name for haplochromine (qv) cichlids of the genus Diplotaxodon (qv).

Nkatcha Net: a seine net operated from two boats, which is hauled along the bottom and closed (‘pursed’) by a diver.

Pair Trawl: a demersal trawl, without otter boards, pulled by two craft.

Rhamphochromis: a genus of haplochromine cichlids (qv), endemic to Lake Malawi & associated water bodies. Surface-living fish-eaters. Some species are truly pelagic, others inshore-living. Ecological counterparts to Luciolates stappersi and Bathybates of Lake Tanganyika.

Ringnet: a purse seine operated by Maldeco Fisheries (qv). Presently operated by pairs of inboard-powered boats and manually-hauled. Mostly used with 102mm mesh and catching almost exclusively adult chambo (qv).

Schaefer Model: a surplus production model for the calculation of the maximum sustainable yield of a fishery. Based on a linear regression of cpue on effort. Appropriate for fish stocks which show dramatic declines at high fishing effort.

Semi-Industrial Fishery: a mechanised (qv) fishing operation characterised by little or no investment in onshore facilities.

Subsistence Fishery: small scale fishing operation, using inexpensive gears, and producing small catches, often mainly for home consumption (fish trap, handline, longline, cast net, scoop net).

Usipa: a small pelagic cyprinid, Engraulicypris sardella, endemic to Lake Malawi and associated water bodies. Ecological counterpart to Rastrineobola in Lake Victoria and Stolothrissa in Lake Tanganyika.

Utaka: chichewa name for small zooplankton-feeding haplochromine (qv) cichlids, mostly of the genus Copadichromis (qv). Mostly found inshore in shallow waters, a few metres above the bottom, and thus referred to as ‘semipelagic’.

LIST OF CHAMBO FISHERIES RESEARCH REPORTS

A. FIELD DOCUMENTS

  1. STATISTICAL AND COMPUTING ASPECTS IN DEVELOPING STATISTICAL SYSTEMS IN MALAWI by C. Stamatopoulos. Field Document 1, July 1989.

  2. PREPARATION OF A BASELINE SURVEY OF THE ARTISANAL FISHERIES ON LAKE MALAWI by B. Horemans. Field Document 2, February 1990.

  3. STATISTICAL AND COMPUTING ASPECTS OF THE CHAMBO FISHERIES by R. Mahon. Field Document 3, June 1990.

  4. A DATABASE FOR THE TRADITIONAL CHAMBO FISHERIES STATISTICAL SURVEY by R. Mahon., S. Alimoso, C. Stamatopoulos, and N.P. van Zalinge. Field Document 4, June 1990.

  5. FRAME SURVEY OF THE SOUTH EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND LAKE MALOMBE by S.B. Alimoso, M.B.D. Seisay, N.P. van Zalinge, M. Mdaihli and S. Donda. Field Document 5, July 1990.

  6. AN EFFICIENT METHOD FOR CATCH-EFFORT SAMPLING OF THE ARTISANAL CHAMBO FISHERIES OF THE SOUTH EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND LAKE MALOMBE by S.B. Alimoso, M.B.D. Seisay and N.P. van Zalinge. Field Document 6, March 1991.

  7. MTF - MALAWI TRADITIONAL FISHERIES, COMPUTER USER MANUAL by C. Stamatopoulos. Field Document 7, March 1991.

  8. ESTIMATION OF CONVERSION FACTORS FOR CONTAINERS USED IN TRADITIONAL FISHERIES FOR CHAMBO by M.B.D. Seisay and J. Phiri. Field Document 8, July 1991.

  9. PRELIMINARY NOTE ON THE DECLINE OF THE CHAMBO CATCHES IN LAKE MALOMBE by N.P. van Zalinge, S.B. Alimoso, S.J. Donda, M. Mdaihli, M.B.D. Seisay and G.F. Turner. Field Document 9, March 1991.

  10. FISH MARKETING IN THE MANGOCHI AREA OF MALAWI by D.S. Liao. Field Document 10, November 1990.

  11. FISHERMAN-ENTREPRENEURS - A BASELINE SURVEY by M. Mdaihli and S. Donda. Field Document 11, July 1991.

  12. THE ECONOMIC STATUS OF CREW MEMBERS by M. Mdaihli and S. Donda. Field Document 12, June 1991.

  13. THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN CHAMBO FISHERIES by M. Mdaihli and S. Donda. Field Document 13, June 1991.

  14. AN EVALUATION OF THE MALAWI CATCH ASSESSMENT SURVEY SYSTEM FOR TRADITIONAL FISHERIES by G.F. Turner, M.B.D. Seisay and N.P. van Zalinge. Field Document 14, March 1992.

  15. VALIDITY CHECK IN CATCH EFFORT SAMPLING IN THE TRADITIONAL CHAMBO FISHERIES IN THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND LAKE MALOMBE by M.B.D. Seisay, H.J. Phiri and P.K. Mpezeni. Field Document 15, October 1991.

  16. FISH MARKETING IN LAKE MALOMBE, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI by M. Mdaihli, M.M. Hara and M.C. Banda. Field Document 16, March 1992.

  17. PROFITABILITY OF FISHING IN LAKE MALOMBE, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI by M. Mdaihli and S.J. Donda. Field Document 17, July 1992.

  18. RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CHAMBO STOCKS OF LAKES MALOMBE AND MALAWI AND THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER by M.B.D. Seisay, G.F. Turner and N.P. van Zalinge. Field Document 18, July 1992.

  19. POPULATION DYNAMICS AND STOCK ESTIMATES OF CHAMBO (OREOCHROMIS SPP.) IN THE SOUTH-EAST ARM AND LAKE MALOMBE - LENGTH BASED APPROACH by M.B.D. Seisay, N.P. van Zalinge and G.F. Turner. Field Document 19, July 1992.

  20. AGE AND GROWTH PARAMETERS OF CHAMBO (OREOCHROMIS SPP.) IN THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI, AS DETERMINED FROM OPERCULAR BONES by M.C. Banda. Field Document 20, July 1992.

  21. DISTRIBUTION AND BIOLOGY OF CHAMBO (OREOCHROMIS SPP.) IN LAKES MALAWI AND MALOMBE by G.F. Turner and N.C. Mwanyama. Field Document 21, July 1992.

  22. A BIO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS FOR SOME OF THE INDUSTRIAL AND SEMI-INDUSTRIAL FISHERIES OF SOUTHERN LAKE MALAWI by G.F. Turner and M. Mdaihli. Field Document 22, July 1992.

  23. MECHANIZED FISHERIES OF LAKE MALAWI by G.F. Turner. Field Document 23, July 1992.

  24. PREDICTIVE MODEL FOR THE LAKE MALOMBE FISHERIES by N.P. van Zalinge, M. Mdaihli, G.F. Turner, and M.B.D. Seisay. Field Document 24, July 1992.

  25. REPORT ON FISHERIES LEGISLATION IN MALAWI by A. van Houtte. Field Document 25, July 1992.

  26. THE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE COMMERCIAL FISHERIES OF LAKE MALOMBE, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI by the Ad-Hoc committee established at the Chambo Fisheries Research Project's workshop on 11 July 1992. Field Document 26, October 1992.

B. TECHNICAL PAPERS

  1. FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN THE SOUTH-EAST ARM OF LAKE MALAWI, THE UPPER SHIRE RIVER AND LAKE MALOMBE, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE FISHERIES ON CHAMBO (OREOCHROMIS SPP.). REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP HELD AT MANGOCHI, 8–11 JULY 1992. Technical Paper 1, August 1992.

C. OTHER REPORTS

  1. IDENTIFICATION OF OREOCHROMIS SPECIES FROM LAKE MALAWI USING MITOCHONDRIAL DNA by D.M. Reid, R.N. Zaba and T.J. Pitcher, FAO, Rome 1990.

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