Appendix 1: Sample size on basis of FRA90 forest area information. A preliminary calculation of the PUs and SUs


	Continent	Countries	Land Area	Forest (1 000 ha)	Total Nb of blocks	Total Nb in forest	10% of PUs	Adjusted PUs	Nb of SUs	0.10% sampling
A	China	932,641	133,323	10,363	1,481	148	148	13,332	1,333
A	Indonesia	181,157	109,791	2,013	1,220	122	122	10,979	1,098
A	India	297,319	65,005	3,304	722	72	72	6,501	650
A	Papua New Guinea	45,286	36,939	503	410	41	41	3,694	369
A	Myanmar	65,755	27,151	731	302	30	30	2,715	272
A	Malaysia	32,855	15,471	365	172	17	17	1,547	155
A	Laos	23,080	12,435	256	138	14	14	1,244	124
A	Thailand	51,089	11,630	568	129	13	13	1,163	116
A	Kazakhstan	267,073	10,504	2,967	117	12	12	1,050	105
A	Cambodia	17,652	9,830	196	109	11	11	983	98
A	Mongolia	156,650	9,406	1,741	105	10	10	941	94
A	Uzbekistan	41,424	9,119	460	101	10	10	912	91
A	Viet Nam	32,549	9,117	362	101	10	10	912	91
A	Republic of Korea	9,873	7,626	110	85	8	10	900	90
A	Philippines	29,817	6,766	331	75	8	10	900	90
A	DPR of Korea	12,041	6,170	134	69	7	10	900	90
A	Nepal	14,300	4,822	159	54	5	10	900	90
A	Turkmenistan	46,993	3,754	522	42	4	10	900	90
A	Bhutan	4,700	2,756	52	31	3	10	900	90
A	Solomon Islands	2,799	2,389	31	27	3	10	900	90
A	Sri Lanka	6,463	1,796	72	20	2	10	900	90
A	Pakistan	77,088	1,748	857	19	2	10	900	90
A	Iran, Islamic Republic of	162,200	1,544	1,802	17	2	10	900	90
A	Afghanistan	65,209	1,398	725	16	2	10	900	90
A	Bangladesh	13,017	1,010	145	11	1	10	900	90
A	Azerbaijan	8,660	990	96	11	1	10	900	90
A	Vanuatu	1,219	900	14	10	1	10	900	90
A	Fiji	1,827	835	20	9	1	10	900	90
A	Kyrgyzstan	19,180	730	213	8	1	10	900	90
A	New Caledonia	1,828	698	20	8	1	10	900	90
A	Brunei Darussalam	527	434	6	5	0	10	900	90
A	Tajikistan	14,060	410	156	5	0	10	900	90
A	Saudi Arabia	214,969	222	2,389	2	0	10	900	90
A	Syrian Arab Rep.	18,378	219	204	2	0	10	900	90
A	Samoa	283	136	3	2	0	10	900	90
A	Iraq	43,737	83	486	1	0	10	900	90
A	United Arab Emirates	8,360	60	93	1	0	10	900	90
A	Lebanon	1,023	52	11	1	0	10	900	90
A	Jordan	8,893	45	99	1	0	10	900	90
A	Yemen	52,797	9	587	0	0	10	900	90
A	Niue Island	26	6	0	0	0	10	900	90
A	Kuwait	1,782	5	20	0	0			0
A	Singapore	61	4	1	0	0			0
A	Bahrain	69	0	1	0	0			0
A	French Polynesia	366	0	4	0	0			0
A	Oman	21,246	0	236	0	0			0
A	Pacific Is. (Trust Terr.)	178	0	2	0	0			0
A	Qatar	1,100	0	12	0	0			0
A	Tonga	72	0	1	0	0			0
A	China - Hong Kong SAR	99	n.a.	1.1	0	0	0	0	0
A	Macau	2	n.a.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Af	Congo DR	226,705	109,245	2,519	1,214	121	121	10,925	1,092
Af	Sudan	237,600	41,613	2,640	462	46	46	4,161	416
Af	Tanzania, United Rep.	88,359	32,510	982	361	36	36	3,251	325
Af	Zambia	74,339	31,398	826	349	35	35	3,140	314
Af	Central African Rep.	62,298	29,930	692	333	33	33	2,993	299
Af	Angola	124,670	22,200	1,385	247	25	25	2,220	222
Af	Cameroon	46,540	19,598	517	218	22	22	1,960	196
Af	Congo	34,150	19,537	379	217	22	22	1,954	195
Af	Gabon	25,767	17,859	286	198	20	20	1,786	179
Af	Mozambique	78,409	16,862	871	187	19	19	1,686	169
Af	Madagascar	58,154	15,106	646	168	17	17	1,511	151
Af	Botswana	56,673	13,917	630	155	15	15	1,392	139
Af	Nigeria	91,077	13,780	1,012	153	15	15	1,378	138
Af	Ethiopia	100,000	13,579	1,111	151	15	15	1,358	136
Af	Namibia	82,329	12,374	915	137	14	14	1,237	124
Af	Mali	122,019	11,585	1,356	129	13	13	1,159	116
Af	Chad	125,920	11,025	1,399	123	12	12	1,103	110
Af	Ghana	22,754	9,022	253	100	10	10	902	90
Af	Zimbabwe	38,685	8,710	430	97	10	10	871	87
Af	South Africa	122,104	8,499	1,357	94	9	10	900	90
Af	Senegal	19,253	7,381	214	82	8	10	900	90
Af	Guinea	24,572	6,367	273	71	7	10	900	90
Af	Uganda	19,965	6,104	222	68	7	10	900	90
Af	Côte D'Ivoire	31,800	5,469	353	61	6	10	900	90
Af	Benin	11,062	4,625	123	51	5	10	900	90
Af	Liberia	9,632	4,507	107	50	5	10	900	90
Af	Burkina Faso	27,360	4,271	304	47	5	10	900	90
Af	Morocco	44,630	3,835	496	43	4	10	900	90
Af	Malawi	9,408	3,339	105	37	4	10	900	90
Af	Niger	126,670	2,562	1,407	28	3	10	900	90
Af	Guinea-Bissau	2,812	2,309	31	26	3	10	900	90
Af	Algeria	238,174	1,861	2,646	21	2	10	900	90
Af	Equatorial Guinea	2,805	1,781	31	20	2	10	900	90
Af	Sierra Leone	7,162	1,309	80	15	1	10	900	90
Af	Kenya	56,914	1,292	632	14	1	10	900	90
Af	Togo	5,439	1,245	60	14	1	10	900	90
Af	Somalia	62,734	754	697	8	1	10	900	90
Af	Mauritania	102,522	556	1,139	6	1	10	900	90
Af	Tunisia	15,536	555	173	6	1	10	900	90
Af	Libyan Arab Jamahiriya	175,954	400	1,955	4	0	10	900	90
Af	Burundi	2,568	317	29	4	0	10	900	90
Af	Eritrea	10,100	282	112	3	0	10	900	90
Af	Rwanda	2,467	250	27	3	0	10	900	90
Af	Swaziland	1,720	146	19	2	0	10	900	90
Af	Gambia	1,000	91	11	1	0	10	900	90
Af	Reunion	250	89	3	1	0	10	900	90
Af	Sao Tome and Principe	96	56	1	1	0	10	900	90
Af	Cape Verde	403	47	4	1	0	10	900	90
Af	Egypt	99,545	34	1,106	0	0	10	900	90
Af	Djibouti	2,318	22	26	0	0	10	900	90
Af	Mauritius	203	12	2	0	0	10	900	90
Af	Comoros	223	9	2	0	0	10	900	90
Af	Lesotho	3,035	6	34	0	0	10	900	90
Af	Seychelles	45	4	1	0	0			0
Af	Saint Helena	31	1	0	0	0			0
E	Russian Federation	1,688,850	763,500	18,765	8,483	848	848	76,350	7,635
Na	Canada	922,097	244,571	10,246	2,717	272	272	24,457	2,446
Na	United States of America	915,912	212,515	10,177	2,361	236	236	21,252	2,125
Aus	Australia	768,230	40,908	8,536	455	45	45	4,091	409
E	Japan	37,652	25,146	418	279	28	28	2,515	251
E	Sweden	41,162	24,425	457	271	27	27	2,443	244
E	Finland	30,459	20,029	338	223	22	22	2,003	200
E	France	55,010	15,034	611	167	17	17	1,503	150
E	Germany	34,927	10,740	388	119	12	12	1,074	107
E	Ukraine	57,935	9,240	644	103	10	10	924	92
E	Turkey	76,963	8,856	855	98	10	10	886	89
E	Poland	30,442	8,732	338	97	10	10	873	87
E	Spain	49,944	8,388	555	93	9	10	900	90
E	Norway	30,683	8,073	341	90	9	10	900	90
Aus	New Zealand	26,799	7,884	298	88	9	10	900	90
E	Belarus	20,748	7,372	231	82	8	10	900	90
E	Greece	12,890	6,513	143	72	7	10	900	90
E	Italy	29,406	6,496	327	72	7	10	900	90
E	Romania	23,034	6,246	256	69	7	10	900	90
E	Austria	8,273	3,877	92	43	4	10	900	90
E	Bulgaria	11,055	3,240	123	36	4	10	900	90
E	Georgia	6,970	2,988	77	33	3	10	900	90
E	Latvia	6,205	2,882	69	32	3	10	900	90
E	Portugal	9,150	2,875	102	32	3	10	900	90
E	Bosnia and Herzegovina	5,100	2,710	57	30	3	10	900	90
E	Czech Republic	7,728	2,630	86	29	3	10	900	90
E	United Kingdom	24,160	2,390	268	27	3	10	900	90
E	Estonia	4,227	2,011	47	22	2	10	900	90
E	Slovakia	4,808	1,989	53	22	2	10	900	90
E	Lithuania	6,480	1,976	72	22	2	10	900	90
E	Croatia	5,592	1,825	62	20	2	10	900	90
E	Yugoslavia, Fed. Rep.	10,200	1,769	113	20	2	10	900	90
E	Hungary	9,234	1,719	103	19	2	10	900	90
E	Switzerland	3,955	1,130	44	13	1	10	900	90
E	Slovenia	2,012	1,077	22	12	1	10	900	90
E	Albania	2,740	1,046	30	12	1	10	900	90
E	Macedonia	2,543	988	28	11	1	10	900	90
E	Belgium-Luxembourg	3,282	709	36	8	1	10	900	90
E	Ireland	6,889	570	77	6	1	10	900	90
E	Denmark	4,243	417	47	5	0	10	900	90
E	Armenia	2,820	334	31	4	0	10	900	90
E	Netherlands	3,392	334	38	4	0	10	900	90
E	Cyprus	924	140	10	2	0	10	900	90
E	Israel	2,062	102	23	1	0	10	900	90
E	Iceland	10,025	11	111	0	0	10	900	90
E	Liechtenstein	16	6	0	0	0	10	900	90
E	Malta	32	0	0	0	0			0
Na	US Virgin Islands	34	0	0	0	0			0
La	Brazil	845,651	551,139	9,396	6,124	612	612	55,114	5,511
La	Peru	128,000	67,562	1,422	751	75	75	6,756	676
La	Mexico	190,869	55,387	2,121	615	62	62	5,539	554
La	Colombia	103,870	52,988	1,154	589	59	59	5,299	530
La	Bolivia	108,438	48,310	1,205	537	54	54	4,831	483
La	Venezuela	88,205	43,995	980	489	49	49	4,400	440
La	Argentina	273,669	33,942	3,041	377	38	38	3,394	339
La	Guyana	19,685	18,577	219	206	21	21	1,858	186
La	Suriname	15,600	14,721	173	164	16	16	1,472	147
La	Paraguay	39,730	11,527	441	128	13	13	1,153	115
La	Ecuador	27,684	11,137	308	124	12	12	1,114	111
La	French Guiana	8,815	7,990	98	89	9	10	900	90
La	Chile	74,880	7,892	832	88	9	10	900	90
La	Nicaragua	12,140	5,560	135	62	6	10	900	90
La	Honduras	11,189	4,115	124	46	5	10	900	90
La	Guatemala	10,843	3,841	120	43	4	10	900	90
La	Panama	7,443	2,800	83	31	3	10	900	90
La	Belize	2,280	1,962	25	22	2	10	900	90
La	Cuba	10,982	1,842	122	20	2	10	900	90
La	Dominican Republic	4,838	1,582	54	18	2	10	900	90
La	Costa Rica	5,106	1,248	57	14	1	10	900	90
La	Uruguay	17,481	814	194	9	1	10	900	90
La	Puerto Rico	887	275	10	3	0	10	900	90
La	Jamaica	1,083	175	12	2	0	10	900	90
La	Trinidad and Tobago	513	161	6	2	0	10	900	90
La	El Salvador	2,072	105	23	1	0	10	900	90
La	Guadeloupe	169	80	2	1	0	10	900	90
La	Dominica	75	46	1	1	0	10	900	90
La	Martinique	106	38	1	0	0	10	900	90
La	Haiti	2,756	21	31	0	0	10	900	90
La	Saint Kitts	36	11	0	0	0	10	900	90
La	Saint Vincent/Grenadine	39	11	0	0	0	10	900	90
La	Saint Lucia	61	5	1	0	0			0
La	British Virgin Islands	15	4	0	0	0			0
La	Grenada	34	4	0	0	0			0
La	Bermuda	5	0	0	0	0			0
La	Cayman Islands	26	0	0	0	0			0
La	Netherlands Antilles	80	0	1	0	0			0
La	Saint Pierre & Miquelon	23	n.a.	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Maldives	30	n.a.	0		0			0
	Cook Islands	23	n.a.	0		0			0
	Moldova, Rep. of	3,297	357	37	4	0	10	900	90
	Bahamas	1,001	158	11	2	0	10	900	90
	Antigua and Barbuda	44	9	0	0	0	10	900	90
	Montserrat	10	3	0	0	0			0
	Kiribati	73	0	1	0	0			0
	Guam	55	0	1	0	0			0
	Barbados	43	0	0	0	0			0
	American Samoa	20	0	0	0	0			0
GRAND TOTAL		12,984,000	3,454,382	144,267	38,382	3,838	4,758	428,255	42,826

Notes: numbers may not tally due to rounding

n.s. = not significant; indicating a very small value

n.a. = not available

n.ap. = not applicable

A = Asia and Pacific

Af = Africa

E = Europe

La = Latin America

Aus = Australia and New Zealand

Na = North America

Appendix 2: Concise of FAO forest classification and definitions

Tree: A tree is defined as a woody perennial plant typically large with a single stem carrying a more or less definite crown and with a mature height with more or less 5 metres.

Shrubs: Is a vegetation type where the main woody elements are shrubs (broadleaved or coniferous species) of more than 50 cm and less than 5 metres at maturity.

Forest: Land with tree crown cover (or equivalent stocking level) of more than 10% and area of more than 0.5 hectares. The trees should be able to reach a minimum height of 5 meters at maturity in situ. It may consist either of closed forest formations where trees of various storeys and undergrowth cover a high proportion of the ground; or open forest formations with a continuous vegetation cover in which tree crown cover exceeds 10%. Young natural stands and all plantations established for forestry purposes, which have yet to reach a crown density of 10% or tree height of 5 m are included under forest, as are areas normally forming part of the forest area which are temporarily unstocked as a result of human intervention or natural causes but which are expected to revert to forest.

Includes: Forest nurseries and seed orchards that constitute an integral part of the forest; forest roads, cleared tracts, firebreaks and other small open areas; forest in national parks, nature reserves and other protected areas such as those of specific, historical cultural or spiritual interest; windbreaks and shelter-belts of trees with an area of more than 0.5 ha and width of more than 20m; plantations primarily used for forestry purposes, including rubber-wood plantations and cork oak stands.

Other wooded land: Land either with a crown cover (or equivalent stocking level) of 5-10% of trees able to reach a height of 5 m at maturity in situ; or crown cover (or equivalent stocking level) of more than 10% of trees not able to reach a height of 5 m at maturity in situ (e.g. dwarf or stunted trees); or with shrub or bush cover of more than 10%.

Other land: Land not classified as forest or other wooded land as defined above. Included agricultural land, meadows and pastures, built-on areas, barren land, etc.

Inland water: Area occupied by major rivers, lakes and reservoirs.

Definition of classes:

• Closed Forest: Forest with a tree crown cover ranging from 40 to 100%. Crown cover is the total projection of the tree crowns on the ground.

• Open Forest: Forest with tree crown cover ranging from 10 to 40%.

• Fragmented forest: Is a mosaic of forest and shrub and other land cover (permanent agriculture, roads, rivers, sand dunes, rocks, etc.). Tree crown cover is set at 10 to 70%.

• Long fallow: Forest area with less than 1/3 of it is actually under cultivation.

• Long fallow: Forest area with 1/3 of it or more is under actual cultivation.

Codes of the forest other woodland classes:

• Other Land Cover: 0 Snow-caps, rocky areas: 77

(Urban and agriculture areas, roads)

• Water: 1

• Man-made Woody Vegetation Cover: 2 Forest Plantations 22

Agricultural plantations: 23

• Shrubs: 3 Sparse shrubs (Cr. co.: 10-40%) 33

Dense shrubs (Cr. co.: >40%) 34

• Fragmented Forest: 4 Forest fraction 10-40% 44

Forest fraction 40-70% 45

• Open Canopy Forest 5

(Crown cover 10-40%)

• Closed Canopy Forest 6 Dense Forest (Cr. cov.: 40-70%) 66

Dense forest (Cr. cov.: >100%) 67

• Short Fallow: 7

(Cropping = 33%)

• Long Fallow: 8

Cropping <33%)

• Other, non-interpreted (clouds): 9 Burnt woodland⁽³⁾ 96

Clouds, cloud shadows 97

Mountain shadows 98

Outside study area 100

³Code 96 should be used only in woodland areas where the recurrent fires destroy only (or mainly) the grass layer present under the tree cover. In other conditions, where the fires are known to destroy the forest completely, the code to be used is “0” (Other land cover), to indicate the loss of woody vegetation cover.